Steel 20: GOST, nta, zog thiab daim ntaub ntawv

Ntshiab hlau yus muaj los ntawm ib tug tsawg daim ntawv teev cov khoom raws li cov niam txiv hlau thiab tsis yog los ntawm paj ntau. Tab sis nws yog raws li alloys muaj enormous tej zaum, nws yog tsim nyog xwb los mus txiav txim cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ua qhov tseeb thaum tshav kub kub kev kho mob.

Cov feem ntau cov yam ntxwv steels

Tag nrho steel raws li hlau Yog hlau thiab steel , thiab muaj ntau heev heev cais. Nws yog ua los ntawm ntau yam tsis: cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub hom phiaj, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov teeb meem hais, lub dag lub zog thiab toughness, yooj, thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Siv cov kev faib - yog hais feem ntau nyob rau hauv kev siv. Ib txhia ntawm lawv muaj universal yam ntxwv thiab yog interchangeable.

Lub Khoos Loos Tsev steel 20 yog hais txog mus rau lub chav kawm ntawv ntawm medium-carbon muaj ib tug ferrite-pearlite qauv. .. Steel zoo, piv txwv li, muaj ib tug txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov teeb meem hais, sulfur thiab phosphorus. Tsis muaj kev txwv rau cov weldability. Lub zoo ua ke nrog ntawm lub dag lub zog thiab ductility ua rau nws muaj ntau yam ntaub ntawv rau zus tau tej cov tubular kuav los tiag qhov chaw raug tom ntej thermomechanical thiab thermochemical ua (cementation zinc plating thiab chromium plating).

Nees nkaum pom nws siv

Steel 20, lub thaj chaw ntawm uas yuav tsum tau varied hauv dav txwv los ntawm txoj kev tshuaj-thermal, thermomechanical kev kho mob, feem ntau nyob rau hauv coob nyob rau hauv cov yeeb nkab lawm nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua qhov chaw nrog ib tug khoom nto thiab ib tug mos mos nruab nrab. Qhov no yuav ua tau shafts, Sprockets, hloov, bolts, crane hooks, qhov cuab lub zog los xij rau stamping (Profiled), ceev thiab bolts rau attaching uas tsis yog-tseem ceeb heev. Yeeb Nkab manufactured los ntawm ib tug hlau qib yog siv rau cov kis ntawm cov gases, chav, nonaggressive kua nkag rau hauv siab. Qhov no superheater kav, pipelines, high-siab boilers thiab lolus.

Restructuring thermochemical ua

Cov tib hom yuav hloov tau lawv lub yam ntxwv los ntawm tshav kub kev kho mob. Steel qib 20 muaj zoo yas zog, li ntawd, cov khoom npaj therefrom los ntawm ob peb txoj kev: casting, txias los yog kub dov los yog duab. Thaum tau txais daim ntawv ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm casting lawv yuav siv tau thermochemical kev kho mob. Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev ua no - yuav tau txais cov khoom coj txheej tsis raug rau xeb, yas thiab mos nruab nrab.

Yuav kom qhov no tiav lawm ib feem yog muab tso rau hauv ib tug tsim nyog puag ncig (obkladyvaetsya qhuav carbonaceous yam khoom uas yog muab tso rau hauv ib tug gaseous los yog kua nruab nrab), thiab ces khaws cia los ntawm ib tug ob peb teev mus txog 1.5 hnub thaum muaj kev kub kub. Machining kev nthuav dav ntawm no taw tes yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav, vim hais tias tom qab lub thermochemical kev kho mob ntawm cov khoom yuav twb muaj qhov kawg qauv. Caij saturates lub sab sauv txheej ntawm cov khoom (0.3 rau 3.0 hli), ntsig txog, los ntawm kev txhim kho nws cov qauv thiab cov khoom.

Nyob rau hauv lub ua hauj lwm kho mob tus neeg saib xyuas yog hu ua: cyanidation (zinc-plating), carburization (carbon), chrome (chrome). Carbon imparts zog, zinc - xeb kuj, chromium, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd rau tag nrho cov uas tau teev tseg, ua rau tus nto ntawm daim iav.

Cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov qauv machining

Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub yav dhau los cov qauv ntawm cov kev kho mob, uas yog nqa tawm heev dua lwm yam rau imparting hardness rau hauv lub Upper txheej ntawm cov hlau thiab yooj nyob rau hauv domestic thermomechanical kev kho mob - qhov no yog ib tug ntawm txoj kev ntawm shaping. steel 20 Nws tej zaum yuav deformed raws li ib tug kub los yog txias txheej txheem. Muaj zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo nyob rau hauv txhua daim ntawv. Tab sis lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov feem ntau txaus zog.

Kub deformation thov kom cov khoom muaj ib tug phab ntsa thickness ntau dua tshaj li 5 hli. Txij li thaum lub tsim oxide teev thiab decarburization microlayer (undesired qauv) thaum lub hlau yog rhuab, ces mus thov rau qhov no hom ntawm dov nyias-walled qhov chaw yog tsis tau yus. Txawm li cas los, nws muaj ib tug loj kom zoo dua li mob khaub thuas deformation.

Khaub thuas ua hauj lwm yog thov mus rau qhov chaw muaj ib tug tuab tsawg tshaj li 5 hli. Rau txias duab xwb tsim "mos mos" hom steel. Thaum lub sij hawm dov hlau undergoes tseem ceeb deformation los yog lim hardening. Qhov no ua rau ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv nws lub zog thiab lub xub ntiag ntawm loj kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv cov qauv. Tej hlau vim hais tias ntawm nws cov nyias phab ntsa yuav tsis tau rhuab (siv cov hnub caiv, t. E. Restore tib cov qauv). Nws yog xav paub ntau nws tej yam kev puas tsuaj thiab lwm yam dynamic loads. Lub Khoos Loos Tsev steel yeeb nkab (steel 20) sib txawv txoj kev siv thiab ua thiab tau kev nta rau daim ntawv thov. Lawv muaj lawv tus kheej lub xeev tus qauv rau zus tau tej cov ib yam ntawm cov yeeb nkab, cov kev cai, cov khoom.

Khaub thuas dov leeg raj Direct

Cov tsim txoj kev pib nrog qhov kev npaj ntawm lub steel sawb. Rau lub hom phiaj no, steel nplooj ntawv yog txiav mus rau hauv ib daim hlab thiab welded mus rau hauv ib tug ntev txoj siv. Tau txais kev pab daim kab xev rau dabtsi yog khoov yob qhov twg yuav siv sij hawm rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib cov yeeb nkab. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej - Vuam. Rau tej kev siv yog cov weakest point. Kom kov yeej lub disadvantages uas tshwm sim thaum uas Vuam (tsos oxides thiab cov pa roj carbon burnout) kiag li tsis yooj yim sua, tab sis siv ib co ntawm cov hom kev kawm, muaj peev xwm raug muab txo. Yuav kom txuas lub steel 20, siv hluav taws xob arc vuam nyob rau hauv ib tug tiv inert roj (argon) los yog induction vuam (high-zaus currents). Cov yeeb nkab extends losis tswvyim dabtsi ntawm lwm yam uas Weld thiab ces txiav mus rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev kawm ntev thiab khaws cia.

Khaub thuas twv hlab nrog kauv leeg

Kev npaj steel rau tsim no hom ntawm cov yeeb nkab repeats tib cov txheej txheem li ntawd rau cov hlab nrog ncaj leeg views. Tsis tas li ntawd zoo tib yam: welding, soj ntsuam thiab pruning. Nws txawv xwb nyob rau hauv lub kaum sab xis ntawm folding rau daim kab xev, nyob rau hauv uas lub tom ntej leeg puag ncig lub yeeb nkab rau lub kauv nkhaus. Los ntawm virtue ntawm nws tsim nta cov qauv no yog cov feem ntau check. Thiab yuav mas siab loads nyob rau hauv lub so dua li cov khoom nrog lawv suture.

seamless kav

Seamless kav tshwj xeeb check, muaj ob peb qhov tsav: lawv tsis muaj welded (tsis muaj zog cov ntsiab lus) nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj voltage, raj thickness yog tsis tsawg tshaj li 5 hli. Lawv ntau lawm - ntau nyuab, thiab yog li ntawd kim heev. Steel 20 yog cim rau qhov hais tias tus menyuam yuav tsum manufactured los ntawm ob txoj kev - lub txias thiab kub duab.

Kub kuav los tiag seamless

Tom qab cov cua kub saum toj no 1100 ° C stitched preform lub tes tsho thiab txhais ib puab inch. Raws li ntxiv nqus cov yeeb nkab adopts predetermined nrog qhov ntev, qhov txheej cheeb thiab phab ntsa thickness. Thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem qhov kub ntawm lub kuav los tiag khoom tshua siab. Nws tsuas yog tom qab tus me nyuam ntawm qhov kawg daim ntawv raj cools. Thaum lub sij hawm ntev-lub sij hawm txias tshwm sim so tshem tawm tag nrho cov tsis zoo los ntawm ntxuag, muaj zog thiab fragility. Thaum tag nrho cov cua txias steel 20 acquires yam ntxwv uas chiv. Qhov no txoj kev xwb yuav qhov siv thiab ua cov kav dej nrog phab ntsa tsis tsawg tshaj li 5 hli thiab lub siab tshaj plaws thickness yuav ua tau mus 75 hli.

txias twv seamless

Tsis zoo li yav dhau los txoj kev, qhov no kub yog cai me me nuance. Lub preform yog rhuab, tab sis tom qab thawj zaug tho lub tes tsho kub yog tsis khaws cia thiab lub preform yog kos nyob rau hauv ib tug txias lub xeev. Qhov no txoj kev txawv los ntawm kub-kuav los tiag li hais tias nws yog ua tau rau ua check kav nrog nyias cov phab ntsa, whereas lub kub-kuav los tiag txoj kev muab xwb ib tug tuab phab ntsa. Cov ob txoj kev yog zoo tib yam rau qhov kawg qauv, txij li thaum tom qab tus mob khaub thuas dov yeeb nkab raug normalization nyob rau hauv uas cov qauv yog cov rov qab los, thiab mus voltage.

Qhov no tsis yog tag nrho cov ntawv teev cov khoom, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov lus dag Steel 20 GOST 1050-74. Ua kev xav tau ntawm cov pejxeem, muaj tswv yim tshiab thiab ntau lawm. Tab sis qhov no hom xwb hloov nws daim ntawv thiab lub hom phiaj, tseg txoj cai nyob ua ib ke.