Solutions: concentration loj feem. Lus Txhais, muab xam thiab cov tswv yim

Lub loj concentration ntawm cov tshuaj yog ib yam ntawm ntau lub tswv yim nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Science News for KIDS. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav qhia cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub ntsiab, lawv hom, daim ntawv thov. Nco ntsoov ib co piv txwv ntawm xam ntawm lub ntau yam ntawm ntau.

nta lub ntsiab

Cov tshuaj - ib tug homogeneous system muaj ib tug kuj tsis paub meej pes tsawg leeg. Ib tug yeej ib txwm ua raws li qhov nruab nrab ntawm ob lub Cheebtsam ntawm cov tshuaj. Hais tias nws yuav haj yam ua rau cov yam ntxwv thooj lwm yam. Nws yog hu ua ib tug hnyav, nyob rau hauv uas cov txheej txheem thiab cov solute molecule.

Yog hais tias ob mixed gaseous tshuaj, ces tus kuab yog tsis cais. Rau txhua qhov teeb meem no yeej ib txwm muaj nyob rau tshwj xeeb suav.

Muab homogeneous tshuab

Yog xav tau homogeneous kev daws teeb meem ntawm solutes tsim nyog crushing rau structural units. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tus system yuav muaj tseeb. Thaum lub me me mob rau splintering, nplej uas yog faib nyob rau hauv ib tug nruab nrab npaj colloidal kev daws teeb meem, emulsions, ncua.

Daim ntawv thov tshuaj

Incidentally, nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm xuab zeb, MAAs, dej, kuj hu ua ib tug daws, tab sis cov tshuaj taw tes ntawm view nws yog ib ncua kev kawm. Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntsiab yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi mus rau ntau yam yog vim li cas.

Tshuaj lom neeg tshua tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kua dlaws nyob rau hauv ib tug ntim ntawm kuab. Qhov no ua rau lawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau lwm yam ntxiv txiav txim rau lub system. Cov sib tov uas muaj cov khoom hais, mus nqa tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv tag nrho. Yuav kom expedite tus txheej txheem, tus hais yuav tsum tau hu tuaj rau cov ntsiab lus. Yuav kom nce lub tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi muaju tau triturated nyob rau hauv ib tug mortar, thiab ces lawv compressed. Tab sis nws yog tsis tam sim ntawd tau mus cuag lub tiav ntawm tus txheej txheem.

Cov tshuaj no yog tib yam txheej txheem yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw txawv. Molecules txav dawb nyob rau hauv lawv cov collisions tshwm sim tshuaj transformations. Lub zog uas pib mus rau sawv tawm nyob rau hauv no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv accumulates kuab system yog xyaum tsis rhuab mus.

Lub zog thiab concentration ntawm lub ntsiab

Pawg feem ntawm tshuaj tso cai rau txiav txim seb lub quantitative piv ntawm solute thiab kuab muab rau lawv noj. Hlau alloys, los ntawm txoj kev, dhau lawm, yog kev daws teeb meem, tab sis khoom, yus los ntawm tej yam lub cev tsis.

Lub ntsiab muaj lub peev xwm mus hloov cov potency ntawm lub neej tivthaiv. Qhov no ua rau lawv nrov nyob rau hauv ua liaj ua teb thiab cov tshuaj. Piv txwv li, ib tug tov ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate (poov tshuaj permanganate) yog siv rau cov kev kho mob ntawm cov qhov txhab thiab abrasions nyob rau hauv siab concentration. Tab sis lub tswv yim muaj nuj nqis thiab nws tsis tshua muaj concentration. Yog li, qhov loj feem ntawm tshuaj 2-3% tshuaj muab me ntsis liab, thov rau pais plab lavage.

Tsaus violet muaju ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate yog tsis siv rau kev kho mob hom phiaj, vim hais tias lawv muaj muaj zog oxidizing zog. Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, cov kev siv ntawm cov xim yog ncaj qha mus txog dab tsi nws concentration. Pawg feem ntawm tshuaj yuav tau kho cov toxicity ntawm lub tiav lawm tov.

loj feem

Yuav ua li cas koj xam xws concentration? Pawg feem ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog yus muaj los ntawm tus piv ntawm cov pawg ntawm cov khoom siv tus luj ntawm cov tshuaj noj raws li ib tug feem pua. Lawv organoleptic zog, tsis yog dab tsi yuav tsum yaj, tab sis tau. Piv txwv li, rau ib tug tsis muaj zog saline daws tsis yog cov yam ntxwv tsw, thaum nyob rau hauv siab ntau nws manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov zaubmov.

Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum nws yog txiav txim los ntawm lub concentration? Pawg feem ntawm tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj kho nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv chav kawm ntawm inorganic Science News for KIDS. Paub tab nyob rau hauv nws txhais muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeem cov khoom mus kawm tiav 9 chav kawm ntawv.

Ntawm no reference piv txwv nyob rau hauv uas lub concentration siv.

Sodium Chloride 25%. Nyhav 250 grams ntawm cov tshuaj. Txiav txim seb tus luj ntawm lub dej muaj nyob rau ntawd. Mus nqa tawm cov lus teb koj yuav tsum xub xyuas seb yuav ua qhov loj ntawm lub substance. Raws li cov proportions peb tau hais tias tej yam khoom uas nyob rau hauv ib tug tov ntawm 62,5 grams. Yuav kom txiav txim seb qhov loj ntawm dej yuav tsum raug txiav los ntawm 250 grams tus luj ntawm cov khoom, cov kev tshwm sim yog 187,5 g

hom ntawm ntau

Yuav ua li cas yog concentration? Nyhav feem tsawg tshaj li ib puas feem pua tej zaum yuav tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS, lub sij hawm "concentration" implies ib tug tej yam ntsiab lus ntawm cov solute. Muaj ntau ntau variants ntawm nws: cov hniav puas, loj concentration.

Piv txwv li, los npaj ib tug tov ntawm 80 grams dej thiab 20 grams ntawm sodium tshuaj dawb thiab los mus txiav txim qhov loj feem ntawm lub substance nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj yuav tsum xub xyuas seb tus luj ntawm cov tshuaj. Nws yuav ua tau ib puas grams. Feem pua tshuaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm 20 feem pua yog tau.

Peb tau analyzed dab tsi yog qhov loj feem. Cov hniav puas concentration piv ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw assumes ib lub ntim ntawm cov tshuaj noj. Yuav kom npaj ib tug tov nrog ib tug muab hniav puas concentration, thawj txiav txim seb tus loj ntawm substance. Ces nws yog tiv kev txom nyem thiab tus yam nqi yog yaj nyob rau hauv ib tug liter ntawm kuab.

Muab xam los ntawm cov hniav puas concentration

Yog li, rau qhov kev npaj ntawm 2 liv ntawm kev daws teeb meem nrog ib tug concentration ntawm 0.15 mol / l ntawm ntsev yog thawj laij loj uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Ua li no, faib 0.15 moles ib liter ntawm 2, peb tau 0,075 mol. Tam sim no peb laij tau qhov loj: multiply by 0,075 mol, 58,5 g / mol. Tshwm - 4,39 g

Cov hom phiaj ntawm Analytical Science News for KIDS

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj ntsuam ntawm qhov teeb meem yog. Nrog nws cov kev pab qhia hais tias muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm sib tov, kev diagnostic tests, pob zeb analyzed. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum txiav txim seb lub zoo thiab ntau pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj.

Ntawm cov kev pab raws qib uas feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv inorganic Science News for KIDS, cim nyob rau hauv sib txawv ntau ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw thaum muaj ib tug muab tus nqi ntawm cov lwm yam. Los ntawm txoj kev thwmsim yuav nqa tawm los ntawm gradual ntxiv ntawm ib tug tov yog paub nyob rau hauv uas lub hniav puas concentration ntawm yam tshuaj. Qhov no yog hu ua titration.

Solubility thiab kuab tshuaj

Cov feem ntau kuab yog dej. Nws txig soluble bases, acids, ntsev, tej yam organic tebchaw. Uas aqueous lub ntsiab yog cov feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov xwm systems. Dej ua raws li ib tug lom kuab. Nws yog suav tias yog lub hauv paus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntau kua: ntshav, cytosolic, intercellular kua. Muaj ntau yam ntawm cov tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv ib lub aqueous nruab nrab.

Solubility vaj tse hu ua tshuaj yaj nyob rau hauv lub xaiv kuab. Qhov no yog ib tug complex phenomenon uas yuav tsum tau noj mus rau hauv tus account tej nuances thiab peculiarities ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov kuab.

Raws li qhov zoo tshaj ntawm cov organic tshuaj tej zaum yuav tau hais alcohols. Lawv muaj xws li nyob rau hauv nws cov tswv cuab gidrokislnye pab pawg neeg yog li ntawd muaj ib tug siab solubility.

xaus

Tej kua yuav suav hais tias raws li ib tug hnyav. Uas yog vim li cas nws feem ntau ua rau cov kev sib nrig sib solubility ntawm ntau yam kua. Piv txwv li, ntawm cov organic tshuaj yuav tau hais dej solubility esters.

Ntau hom ntawm ntau siv nyob rau hauv inorganic thiab organic Science News for KIDS, kev pab tus cwj pwm zoo thiab ntau kev txiav txim ntawm tshuaj. Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub ntsiab nyob rau hauv coob nyob rau hauv analytical Science News for KIDS, khw muag tshuaj thiab tshuaj hnub no.