Sab nrauv stairs: tsim, installation. Txoj kev stairs rau cottages thiab vaj tse

Sab nraum zoov stairs nyob rau hauv lub tsev muaj peev xwm ua tau ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev khiav dej num. Manufactured zoo xws li cov lug yog feem ntau ua los ntawm cov ntoo, hlau, ua vaj tse, bricks los yog blocks. Ua tau los ua ke ua nws tus kheej nyob rau ntawm ob lawv lub hom phiaj, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas siv nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm mounting.

Lub ntsiab ntawm ntau yam sab nraum zoov stairs

Cov feem nrov hom xws lug yog, ntawm chav kawm, khav yog phab. Qhov no staircase yog muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua txhua lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub porches kuj yuav sau nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws tsev:

• ua rau lub nthab los yog ob pem teb ntawm lub stairs;
• hluav taws kub.

Tus duab ntawm txoj kev designs ntawm no hom yog:

• puag ncig;
• lub;
• Trapezoidal.

Raws li them nyiaj yug rau staircase cov kauj ruam thaum assembling lub stringers yog feem ntau siv. Tej zaum lawv yog hloov los ntawm ib tug bowstring. stairs nrog ib tug lag tuav los yog tsis muaj lawv yuav ntsia tau rau hauv lub courtyards ntawm lub tsev thiab cov tuam tsev apartment. Nws yog sib txawv thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov lug nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub tsev. Kab ntsab yuav ua tau ob qho tib si lwm staircase uas nyob ib sab mus rau lub tsev, thiab cov txheej txheem uas tig mus rau phab ntsa los yog nyob rau ntawm ib lub mus rau lawv.

Los ntawm lawv siv thiab propulsion kauv staircases. Tus thawj ntau yam yog xav tau ntau npaum li cas yooj yim rau siv. Porches thiab stairs ua rau lub thib ob pem teb los yog nthab, feem ntau yog ua li cas nws mid-flight. Muaj hau ntswj tsim siv nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub tsis tshua. Mount lawv yeej tsuas qhov twg tsis txaus chaw rau nruab ib lub peb hlis ntuj hom.

Vertical sab nrauv stairs yuav feem ntau yuav pom xwb nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub ntawm lub nroog high-sawv vaj tse. Tab sis tej zaum lawv yog mounted thiab nyob rau hauv private tsev. Tej Siv yog siv yeej tseem zoo tsuas yog raws li ib tug tua hluav taws.

kev tiv thaiv

Railing stairs txoj kev, raws li yog lub theem, lawv yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm ntaub ntawv sib txawv: qhob, ntoo, hlau. Lub ntsiab uas yuav tsum tau yuam rau tus tiv thaiv yog durability thiab aesthetic tsos. Yuav kom sib sau ua ke rau hauv lub railing tsis tas siv tib cov ntaub ntawv uas raws li hais tias rau qhov kev siv ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj. Yog li ntawd, qhob stairs yuav tau complemented los ntawm ib tug hlau laj kab, steel - ntoo, thiab lwm yam

Los ntawm txhais tes ntsia no feem ntau yog hais tsuas yog ib qho yuav tsum tau - lawv yuav tsum tau ib qho yooj yim mus use. Yog li ntawd, qhov no caij no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo. Cav Ntoo thiab board, raws li koj paub, muaj ib tug tsawg degree ntawm thermal conductivity. Tsaug rau no feature, ntoo Handrails tsis khiav siab nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub thiab txias.

Ntseej sab nraum zoov stairs: Tsim

By xaiv ib tug tsim rau ib tug lag tuav yuav tsum tau mus zoo dua. Nws yog lawv tsim feem ntau lub sij lub txheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm stairs nyob rau hauv feem ntau. Ntoo ntseej feem ntau ua carved. Zoo nkauj heev thiab forged hlau railings. Saib zoo thiab galvanized steel niaj hnub fencing nyob rau hauv ua ke, piv txwv li, cov ntaub ntawv xws li polycarbonate los yog toughened iav.

Yuav kom kho cov sab phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev pob zeb ua Siv yog feem ntau siv sustainers pobzeb los yog granite. Tej zaum cov stairs sab nraum tsau no tsiaj kuj yog ua los nrog ntuj pob zeb. Feem ntau nws los yog granite, los yog marble. Nyob rau hauv ib tug heev kim tsev xov pob zeb ua railing tej zaum yuav tau siv jasper, serpentine, onyx, etc.

tsim theem

Xaiv clearance rau marches stairs, raws li rau ib tug lag tuav nyob lom zem ntau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas siv rau kev tsim. Ntoo stairs lawv tus kheej saib heev impressive. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog feem ntau yog ib tug kua roj vanish npaj rau cov kev kho mob ntawm txoj kev designs. Hlau theem feem ntau sheathe tsob ntoo los yog siv ib tug roj hmab los yog yas hauv ob sab phlu. Qhob lug, raws li zoo raws li monolithic railing yog hlua nrog tej hub vuas los yog ntuj pob zeb.

SNIP yuav tsum hwm thiab saib taus kom loj

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, txoj kev stairs yuav tsum tsis tsuas zoo nkauj thiab yooj yim rau siv, tab sis kuj muaj kev nyab xeeb. Nrog rau kev siv ntawm tej lug yog yuav tsum tau ua raws li tej kev cai SNIP:

• Ntaiv dav yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsawg tshaj li 90 cm. Yog hais tias lub peb hlis ntuj yog twb tsiv raws nws rau txhua lwm yam tib neeg tsuas yuav tsis tau tawm. Pom nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov kev pab cuam yog hais tias yuav lub dav ntawm lub stairs rau 1-1.5 meters.
• Lub qhov tob ntawm cov kauj ruam rau lawv tus kheej yuav tsum xws li tias lawv muab tso rau lub ko taw ntawm tus txiv neej taug kev nyob rau hauv lub stairs. Raws li kev cai, qhov no daim duab yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsawg tshaj li 30 cm. Nqaim theem tsuas muaj ib tug hluav taws khiav nraum zoov. Rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm tej lug yog feem ntau yog siv nrog ib tug txee cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv lub 5-10 cm.
• Nyob rau hauv ib lub peb hlis ntuj los ntawm cov kev cai yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav ntau tshaj 18 degrees. Thaum zoo li no yam tsawg kawg nkaus tus xov tooj yog tsis txwv.
• Lub zoo siab rau ntawm qhov riser staircases siv rau lub zog ntawm cov neeg nyob ntawm lub tsev yog suav tias yog 15-20 cm.
• Lub qhov siab ntawm Handrails yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 90 cm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ntawm lub Balusters yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tawm ib tug deb ntawm dua 15 cm. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus saib txoj cai no nyob rau hauv cov tsev uas cov me nyuam nyob. Cov menyuam me heev mas thiab yog hais tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub Balusters yuav muaj ntau, tej zaum yuav lo thiab daig nws lub taub hau nruab nrab ntawm lawv.

Vertical stairs ua rau lub nthab, yuav ua tau ob qho tib si taag thiab addl. Kev xaiv lub xeem yog tsuas yog siv rau lifting tsuas unheated attics. Tsim, npaj mus nce thaj nthab los yog nyob rau hauv lub thib ob pem teb yuav tsum tau tsuas yog yuav tsau.

Main nta ntawm cov ntoo taw ntaiv

Txoj kev tsim cov ntawm no hom mas feem ntau yog mounted ntoo thuv. Qhov no cav ntoo yog check, resistant rau dej thiab UV teeb thiab tsis kim heev. Raws li them nyiaj yug rau cov kauj ruam nyob rau hauv cov ntoo stairs yog feem ntau siv stringers. Tej zaum kuj siv cov hlua.

Marches rau kosour saib khoom thiab txaus nyiam. Txawm li cas los, mus sau xws stairs yooj yim. Yog stringers dav boards carved nyob rau hauv lawv raws tus ntug ntawm lub tsaws slots nyob rau theem. Bowstring cia li txheej txheem thaum uas tig mus rau txhua lwm yam. Kev them nyiaj yug rau cov kauj ruam nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev siv yog ua los ntawm daim ntoo. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog ib tsab cov khoom ua si nyob rau hauv txoj hlua rau sab hauv nrog ib tug tej kauj ruam.

Sab nraud stairs mus rau lub thib ob pem teb los yog nthab yuav tsum tau koom ua ke los ntawm ob los yog peb marches. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib yog tseem mus lub staging cheeb tsam.

Main nta ntawm hlau stairs

Tej designs feem ntau sau rau cov hlua. Thiab feem ntau tsuas yog siv ib tug xws li kev pab txhawb nqa (ntawm channel), pib nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Lub peb hlis ntuj. Nyob rau hauv cov theem lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub ces kaum daim yog daim ntawv. Tej zaum ib tug welded hlau kauj ruam thiab stringers. Planters zes rau xws bearings no yog ua los ntawm bent steel ib daim hlab.

Steel lug yog feem ntau kim ntoo. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv feem ntau tus neeg mob nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub tsuas yog siv ib tug hlau hluav taws kub khiav nraum zoov. Tej zaum cov cheeb tsam thiab channel, raws li lawv muaj ntau check dua ntoo, thiab yog siv rau cov teem caij cov marches, ua rau lub nthab los yog ob pem teb. Porches tseem feem ntau nchuav qhob los yog xuas phom tua cia los ntawm lub laug cam.

Steel stair ntsiab cob cog rua ntawm Vuam los yog siv bolts. Cov kauj ruam xws lug yuav ua tau cov khoom hlau los yog grating.

Cov kev siv ntawm qhob stairs

Nrog rau kev siv ntawm MAAs cug rau ntawm txoj kev no feem ntau yog tsuas sau nrog porches ntawm lub tsev. Pre nyob rau hauv xws lug teem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub hauvpaus khov qhob ncoo. Ntxiv mounted formwork. Tom qab pouring tus thawj theem ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm nws thiab lub tsev yog lawm ua tus sau nrog rau hauv pem socket los yog nrog gravel thiab zoo compacted. Ces tus thib ob theem yog poured. Cov uas ua "lub sab" dua backfilled nrog gravel. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug sib lawv liag ntawm kev ua hauj lwm yog nqa tawm mus rau yam qhov siab ntawm lub qab khav yog phab. Thaum lub theem kawg ntawm lub concreted cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub qhov rooj.

Ncuav lub MAAs Qab khav yog phab kauj ruam nteg nrog qhov cuab lub zog. Mounted nyob rau hauv lub thickness ntawm tus pas nrig li yuav tsum ua raws li ntawm cov npoo ntawm txog 20 cm. Qhov no yuav tsum rau ib lub cev nrog qhov cuab lub zog cords peb hlis ntuj monolithic phab ntsa qab khav yog phab. Cov yav tas kuj poured rau hauv lub formwork.

Winding stairs txoj kev

Tsim kom muaj lug ntawm no hom, raws li zoo raws li marching, nrog nws tus kheej ob txhais tes yog tsis yog tshwj xeeb tsis yooj yim. Cov kev pab txhawb nqa neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug helical staircases yog check ncej. Cov qib yog tsau nyob saud los ntawm txoj kev tshwj xeeb fastening ntsiab. Lawv muaj ib tug Trapezoidal zoo. Muab Kauv staircases zoo dua niaj hnub thiab thawj tshaj marching. Txawm li cas los, qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub zog lawv yog ua tsis tau zoo.

Yuav ua li cas yuav ua tau cov theem

Thaum twg cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog, ntawm chav kawm, nws yog ib qhov feature. Tag nrho cov theem nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj yuav tsum yog tus loj tib yam. Qhob stairs yog feem ntau yog ua tau tsuas yog ib tug "dig muag". Tus ntoo thiab hlau risers (ntsug ib feem) yog feem ntau tsis. Bypassing xws siv cheaper. Tab sis saib stairs tsis risers tsawg khoom thiab txhim khu kev qha dua lub "dig muag".

Tej zaum nws tshwm sim hais tias thaum koj nruab peb hlis ntuj tsim yog tsis txaus chaw rau cov kev kho ntawm lub site. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub staircase yog complemented zabezhnymi kauj ruam. Ib sab lawv muaj, cov lwm yam - wider. Hais tias yog, tus duab lawv zoo li theem helical lug.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov no yog ib lub caij tseem ceeb ntawm tus ntaiv, tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi tsim nws muaj, yuav tsum tau raws li check. Nyob rau hauv kev, saib xyuas yuav tsum raug coj mus rau xaiv ib tug cov ntaub ntawv uas rau lug xws li ntoo sab nrauv stairs. Lub thickness ntawm cov kauj ruam lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 2.5-3 cm. Muab nws rau tus stringers los yog bowstring tsuas bolts. Screws nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav siv tsis tau. Txwv tsis pub cov kauj ruam heev sai sai ua xoob thiab tsiv mus nyob rau ntaiv yuav ua tsis zoo.