Raws li tsim nyob rau hauv cov xwm pearls. Yuav ua li cas pearls harvested

Pearl - hiav txwv khoom plig, symbolizing loyalty, qhov tseeb, kev hlub. Qhov no organic khoom, muaj nuj nqis thoob plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Legends thiab cov dab neeg

Hais txog yuav ua li cas pearls yog tsim, neeg xav tias txij ancient sij hawm. Ib tug ntawm cov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws cov lus dab neeg hais tias nws yog ib tug zoo nkauj nymph kua muag, quaj ntsuag txoj kev hlub thiab tsev neeg. Lawv hais tias nws tshwm sim hais tias ib tug zoo hluas nkauj los ntawm lub ntuj, primanennaya lub hiav txwv, thiab ces tau ntsib ib tug tub hluas, ib tug neeg nuv ntses zoo kawg zoo nkauj. Lub sij hawm tom qab lub sij hawm, nqis saum ntuj ceeb tsheej, nws pom tus zog ua hauj lwm txiv neej hluas, thiab thaum kawg mustered lub siab tawv hais lus rau nws. Nymph tau kawm tau hais tias ib tug tub hluas, nuv ntses nyob rau hauv ib tug txhua txhua hnub nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kho tau nws niam.

Zoo ntxim nyiam kawg tub txib khuv xim cov neeg pluag txiv neej ua li ntawd lawm yog nce hnub los ntawm hnub. Raws li lub sij hawm mus rau, kuv niam tau mus rau lub hloov, thiab tus tub hluas muaj tus hluas nkauj mus yuav nws tus poj niam. Caij nplooj zeeg nyob rau hauv kev hlub nrog ib tug nymph neeg nuv ntses muab cov kev tso cai, thiab lawv nyob kaj siab lug. Thaum lub sij hawm, ob peb txawm muaj ib tug tub. Tab sis lub gods ntawm lub ntiaj teb mus xyuas lub zoo ntawm xilethi-aus nyob thiab Nations lawv rau txim rau nws, tub nyob rau hauv ib tug pej thuam. Raws li pearls yog tsim? Lub kua muag ntawm tus nkauj xwb mus dhia mus rau hauv lub hiav txwv inhabited los ntawm Molluscs thiab lawv zoo li yog nyob rau hauv zoo kawg hlaws dai.

Tus nqi txij ancient sij hawm

Nws tsis yog lub npe hu thaum xub thawj seb tus pearls los ua nrov thiab ces tuaj mus nrog ib tug cov lus dab neeg, los yog qhov fab ntxeev twb tshwm sim, tab sis nyob rau hauv ancient Greece thiab Rome necklaces ntawm hiav txwv treasures muaj nuj nqis heev. Paub cov lus dab neeg raws li tsim pearls, cov neeg pom tau hais tias nws yog ib tug cim ntawm kev sib yuav bliss thiab ua ncaj ncees.

Lub sij hawm dhau, thiab lub koob meej ntawm pearls tiam sis tsuas yog loj hlob. Nyob rau hauv lub Nrab Hnub nyoog kab tshoob nkauj nyab raug coj mus rau embroider nws hiav txwv tej txiaj ntsim. Yuav kom qhia nws txoj kev hlub rau tus hluas nkauj, cov tub ntxhais hluas muab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog pearls nplhaib. Qhov no yog xam tias yog qhov feem ntau txhim khu kev qha cim ntawm txoj kev hlub rau lub neej, thiab txawm cov lus cog tseg ntawm allegiance.

Paub thoob ntiaj teb

Legends txog yuav ua li cas pearls yog tsim, cia li kom ntau li ntau, yuav ua li cas muaj coob tus neeg nyob rau lub ntiaj chaw. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov chaw nyob qhov twg lub ancient ntev paub ntau lawm ntawm cov nqi no, muaj lawv cov dab neeg hais txog lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm tus poj treasures nyob rau hauv lub unpretentious plhaub.

Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm lub kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub txiaj ntsim ntawm lub hiav txwv yog zoo siab rau nyob rau hauv lub paj huam ntawm tag nrho cov haiv neeg. "Pearls" nyob rau hauv ntau yam lus, nyob rau hauv tune nrog cov lus "Qhia", "cim." Feeb nws yog coj los sib piv nrog rau cov kev zoo nkauj ntawm hais txog poj niam kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub hiav txwv treasures.

Koj puas xav paub ntxiv txog pearls nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem? Xyuam xim rau cov paj huam:

• Japanese;
• Suav;
• Persian;
• Byzantine;
• Roman.

Thiab yog dab tsi yuav science?

Yog hais tias peb tig mus rau lub zaum nrog rau lo lus nug: "Pearl yog tsim raws li ib tug" koj yuav pom tias nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub synthesis ntawm kev calcium carbonate, ncha lub npe hu ua nacre. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, raws li ib feem ntawm ib tug poob muaj conchiolin, ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub horny substance.

Yog hais tias lub npliag deg plhaub yog ib co txawv teb chaws kwv, pearls tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm. Yuav ua li cas yog tsim cov khoom muaj nqis? Shellfish xav tias nyob rau hauv nws "lub tsev" tshwm sim txawv teb chaws lub cev. Qhov no yuav ua tau:

• ib tug grain ntawm xuab zeb;
• kab;
• ib daim ntawm lub plhaub lawm.

Lub cev nws tshem tawm cov khoom no los ntawm lub chaw nyob, nyob rau hauv uas lub cev yog enveloped nyob rau hauv leej niam ntawm pearl. Biochemical cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab ntaub ntawv ib tug pob zeb diamond.

Leej twg, yuav ua li cas, zoo li cas?

Twb nws yog lub npe hu hais tias daim ntawv pearls yog pua pua ntawm cov ntau ntau yam ntawm lub inhabitants ntawm marine thiab cov dej tshiab. Ib tug tseem ceeb mob - lub xub ntiag ntawm lub plhaub. Txawm li cas los, cov hlaws dai ua sis tsis ncaj: zoo heev ob lub daim ntawv thiab xim. Lub classic version - nws yog ib tug me ntsis "powdery" mus grey. Dhau li nws, lub hiav txwv muab tib neeg lub pearl:

• liab;
• xiav;
• kub;
• dub;
• bronze;
• greenish.

Txij li thaum lub pearls tsim nyob rau hauv lub plhaub nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ib puag ncig nta, uas yog lub tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov dej nyob rau hauv uas shellfish nyob thiab txiav txim coloring treasures. Tsis tas li ntawd, raug nyiaj mollusc hom muaj tau yus los ntawm ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov ntsev ntawm lub tebchaw nyob rau hauv lub cev.

Txij ancient sij hawm, qhov zoo tshaj plaws pearls yog muab rho tawm nyob rau hauv qhov dej ntawm tus Persian Gulf, Tau muab cov neeg rau creamy-dawb thiab liab pearls.

Tseem ceeb marine treasures uas raug muab tshem tawm los ntawm cov dej nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm:

• Madagascar;
• South America;
• Philippines;
• Myanmar;
• Pacific Islands tuaj thiab archipelagos.

Nws yog tsuas ntuj?

Ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws manufacturers ntawm marine Gift nta - Nyiv. Kuj ceeb tias, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no ib tug ob peb teb, tab sis tus neeg hauv zos muaj invented ob peb txoj kev dag pearl sau qoob.

Tshwj xeeb tej yam kev mob raws li nyob ze rau ntuj. Nyob rau hauv no simulated yam ntxwv tsiaj qus dab. Txij li thaum nyob rau hauv tej yam pearls ua nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam ntuj tso txoj kev, nws muaj nuj nqis heev.

kev yam ntxwv

Tham txog yuav ua li cas pearls yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub plhaub, ib tug yees duab nyob rau hauv lub seabed thiab tshwj xeeb cov nroj tsuag rau cov sau qoob.

Cov uas ua hlaws dai muaj cov nram qab no cov yam ntxwv:

• hardness - Mohs 2.5-4.5;
• Ceev - 2,7 g / cm ^3.

Tshwj xeeb nto kev kho mob yuav tsum tau.

Pearl nyob ib nrab los yog peb centuries. Cov kev ntev nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm. Organic teeb meem tom qab xyoo lawm loses dej, ua kho kom zoo nkauj tarnish exfoliates, degradation dab pib.

Yuav kom pearls nyob ntev, nws yog tsim nyog rau kev kho mob:

• yuav tsum tsis txhob muab cia rau hauv ib tug noo, qhuav qhov chaw;
• tsis tsim nyog raug ncaj qha tshav ntuj;
• fogged ntxuav nrog ntsev dej;
• ntawm thawj cov cim qhia ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog ether, poov tshuaj carbonate.

niaj hnub myths xwb

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov neeg tau ntev lub npe hu ua lub hlaws yog tsim nyob rau hauv, thiab rau hnub no muaj ib co kev ntseeg kev cob cog rua nrog no cov txheej txheem. Lawv yog cov muaj zog rau cov kob, uas nyob at the expense of pearl divers.

Nyob rau hauv Borneo, cov neeg ntseeg tau hais tias lub cuaj pob zeb diamond muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb feature - nws ua zoo li lawv tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, neeg hauv zos muab ib tug me me ntim, uas yog daim ntau quav tso pearls, nws nws nrog mov - ob nplej rau txhua marine khoom plig, thiab ces tos rau lub treasures yuav muaj ntau.

Pearls thiab siab technology

Txij li thaum cov neeg muaj figured tawm yuav ua li cas pearls yog tsim nyob rau hauv shellfish, nws muaj kev tswj los tsim kom tau ib lub Hoobkas rau cov sau qoob rau marine treasures. Nws yog tam sim no cultivated cov hlaws dai ntsib ntau ntau.

Sau qoob twb yees ua nyob rau hauv 1896, tab sis, ces lub txheej txheem tam sim ntawd patented. Sau ntawm lub tswv yim - Japanese Kohiki Mikimoto. Mus ua ib tug loj lub pov haum, lub inventor tuaj nrog rau muab tso rau qwj nyob rau hauv lub plhaub hlaws, uas tshem tawm ib tug ob peb xyoos twb mature, zoo nkauj, loj pearls.

Thaum kawm raws li tej yam ntuj tso pearls tsim yees ob peb variants ntawm cov khoom cua analogues. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv nws cov kev zoo nkauj, lawv yog incomparable nrog nqaij ntses nyoo. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, lub hauv paus ntawm cov iav, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog pearl hmoov los yog them nrog ib tug nyias txheej ntawm nacre. Yuav kom to taub li cas yog nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm koj, muab tso rau ib tug xyaum ua tej yam: muab pov ib lub pob zeb tus kwv dav hlau. Ntuj pearl bounces siab thiab zoo ib yam li lub pob, thiab cov khoom cua - tsis muaj.

Lwm txoj kev sib cais ntawm fake pearls los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso so khoom rau ntawm cov hniav. Yog hais tias koj xav tias qhov chaw yog ntxhib, nws yog ib tug natural khoom. Tab sis muaj simulation yuav kov kiag li smooth.

nthuav nta

Nws muaj tsuas yog ib tug ntawm cov muaj nuj nqis heev mineral, uas yuav tsum tsis txhob tau. Qhov no yog - ib tug natural pearl. Raws li cov hlaws yog tsim yog piav saum toj no. Nws ntseg ntawm tus txheej txheem no thiab ua nyob rau hauv xws zoo nkauj, smoothness, wearable hiav txwv txiaj ntsim los sai li sai tau tom qab nws lawm.

Raws li archaeologists hais pearls yog tus thawj precious cov ntaub ntawv, tus neeg muaj kev txhawj xeeb vim nws txoj kev zoo nkauj.

Kev siv cov hlaws Suav yees 42 centuries dhau los. Mined nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj treasures siv:

• raws li ornaments;
• raws li cov nyiaj;
• yuav qhia tau cov kev raws li txoj cai.

Tsis pub tsawg prized pearls nyob rau hauv Iyi tebchaws, thiab Mesopotamia. Adorned lawv tus kheej rho tawm los ntawm lub hiav txwv tsis muaj nuj nqis ntawm Semiramis, Cleopatra. Lus dab neeg muaj nws hais tias cov neeg Iyiv kev zoo nkauj ib zaug sib cav nrog Mark Antony, yaj ib lub hlaws nyob rau hauv wine thiab haus cov dej haus.

Ib qho tseem ceeb keeb kwm milestone muaj feem xyuam rau cov pearling li nram no. Thaum Alexander lub Great twb mus lob Is Nrias teb, advisers kom nws mus pib los ntawm Socotra, lub npe hu nyob rau hauv cov hnub, zus tau tej cov marine jewels. Qhov zoo warrior twb ntaus los ntawm kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov hlaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib tug zoo kawg li thaum lawv tseem dub, dawb thiab liab xim. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws pib mus rau sau cov hlua ntawm pearls tias tsis ntev nqa tam sim ntawd thiab lwm yam noble thiab muaj nplua nwj. Qhov no mob siab rau lub lub pov haum muab khaws tseg tsis muaj zog thiab niaj hnub no.

Pearls thiab rulers

Muaj nuj nqis heev txawv tej yam ntuj tso pearls. Raws li yog tsim (yees duab rho tawm los ntawm cov dej, tso cai mus saib nws) xws li ib tug nplua nuj ntau yam ntawm ornaments ntawm tsuas yog ib hom ntawm raw khoom? Ntawm daim card no yog hais tias qhov muab cov neeg ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntawm cov hlaws dai. Muaj yog ib qho kev thoob ntiaj teb ib suam distinguishes:

• nyees khawm;
• ovals;
• txiv moj coos zoo li tus;
• kheej kheej;
• puag ncig;
• semi-ncig;
• teardrop-zoo li tus;
• pearls ntawm lus zoo.

Txij li thaum lub hiav txwv txiaj ntsim no yeej ib txwm muaj nuj nqis heev, lawv ib txwm siv los decorate dresses poj niam ntawm muaj koob muaj npe ntshav. Piv txwv li, thaum lub kev cai raus dej ntawm Louis XIII Mariya Medichi twb hnav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv ib tug hnav ris tsho dai kom zoo nkauj nrog 30,000 pearls.

Tab sis dub pearl Europeans thawj zaug pom xwb nyob rau hauv lub XV caug xyoo. Qhov no tshwm sim ua tsaug rau Hernando Cortes. Centuries tom qab, peb muaj kev tswj kom nrhiav tau cov keeb kwm ntawm no tsiaj ntawm ntug dej hiav North America, lub Gulf of California. Lom zem ntau vim rau qhov no, thiab bloomed nroog ntawm La Paz, mus hnub no yog suav tias yog lub thoob ntiaj teb lub chaw ntawm cov dub Pearl.

Tab sis poj huab tais Elizabeth kuv menyuam tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pearls los ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Nws adorns nws tus kheej nrog ob peb threads ib zaug, thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho tsuas ib ncig ntawm lub caj dab ntawm tus pas ntsuas yuav tsum muaj cai mus txog ib txhiab precious hlaws dai.

Mev kav Philip II muaj ib lub hlaws hu ua "Peregrine." Nws yog lub npe hu rau connoisseurs nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm. Jewel kis los ntawm txhais tes mus rau tes. Nws muaj:

• Napoleon III;
• Mary Tudor;
• Elizabeth Taylor.

Nws yog lub dag zog "Peregrine" tau los ua ib tug central caij ntawm cov khoom kim heev hniav nyiaj hniav kub, lub Jewelers tsim ib tug "daim ntawv qhia."

paub gems

Tseem ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm pearls yog xws li hais tias tus fusion ntawm ob peb cov hlaws dai nyob rau hauv ib tug yog tsis tshua muaj heev. Yog hais tias fishermen extract ib lub hiav txwv cov khoom muaj nqis, nws ua ib tug furor cov kiv cua. Ib tug ntawm cov legendary pearls, muaj raws ntawm ob peb zaug, hu ua lub "Great yav qab teb Cross." Nws muaj cuaj neeg.

Lwm zoo-paub lub npe - "Palawan ntxhais fuabtais". Nws twb tsim nyob rau hauv shellfish qwj. Nyhav marine treasures - 2.3 kg. Lub hlaws txoj kab uas hla yog ntau tshaj 15 cm. Qhov no marine lub txiaj ntsim raug muab rau cov muag khoom raws li ib feem ntawm Bonhams auction nyob rau hauv Los Angeles, cov los ntawm tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Natural History.

Tab sis feem ntau kim pob zeb diamond - ib tug "Regent". Nws zoo li ib tug qe thiab yog ib tsev neeg heirloom ntawm lub Bonapartes. Keeb kwm qhia rau peb tias lub pearl twb muas raws li ib tug khoom plig rau Marii Luizy, uas tau ua nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej huab tais tus poj niam. Lub lw tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv 1811. Ces poob mus rau lub hiav txwv cov khoom muaj nqis Faberge sau twb khaws cia nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg. Thaum lub auction nyob rau hauv 2005 ib tug zoo kawg pob zeb diamond muag rau $ 2.5 lab rau tus tswv tshiab.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub mined ntawm cov ntiaj chaw ntawm lub depths ntawm lub hiav txwv cov khoom muaj nqis hu ua lub "Pearl ntawm Allah". Qhov chaw ntawm keeb kwm - qhov Philippines. Nyhav - 6.35 kg thiab ib lub cheeb ntawm 23.8 cm nqi -. 32,000 carats. Pearl nkag mus rau hauv lub Guinness Phau Ntawv Cov Ntaub Ntawv.

Tahitian pearls

Ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm kab ke haiv neeg pearls tom qab tag nrho cov yog tsim los ntawm dub Tahitian. Rau nws lawm yog zus shellfish Pinctada margaritifera. Niaj hnub no uas ua los ntawm cov kab mob dub cov khoom muaj nqis - tsuas paub tej yam ntuj tso saib. Muaj lwm yam hlaws dai - pleev xim rau.

Feature Tahitian pearls - ceev ceev txoj kev loj hlob. Nyob rau lwm cov tes, tsuas yog ib tug me me feem pua ntawm cov marine lub neej yuav tau ua kom yog ib lub hlaws. Txhua pob zeb diamond yog tshwj xeeb, sib txawv los ntawm lwm tus neeg. Lom zem ntau rau qhov no yog vim li cas, nws yog muaj nuj nqis decorations ntawm dub Tahitian pearls, vim hais tias cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nrog nws laborious thiab yuav tsum tau ib tug ntau ntawm kev txawj, lub sij hawm thiab kev rau siab. Jewelers xaiv haum rau lub hlaws ntawm cov pua pua thiab phav phav cov hlaws dai, tsim los ntawm mollusks.