Pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style, nws txawv nta thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm

Pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style yog ib qho architectural qauv nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv 19-20 centuries. Lub predominant ntsiab ntawm no yog cov kev cai ntawm architecture thiab pej xeem cov kos duab. Nws muaj ob peb sub-pawg, xws li lub Lavxias teb sab-Byzantine thiab neo-Lavxias teb sab kev taw qhia.

Lub pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov ntsiab borrowed los ntawm European architecture thiab kab lis kev cai. Peb yuav hais tias muaj tsuas yog lub teb chaws artistic motifs. Uas yog vim li cas lub style muaj ib lub npe.

rov tshwm sim

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-xyoo pua puv 19, thaum pib lub zam rau lub teb chaws motives thiab cov hoob kawm, ntau nyuab thiab architects ntawm Russia txiav txim siab los mus tsim ib co "fusion" ntawm lub qub pej xeem cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis tsis muaj kev txi niaj hnub (rau cov uas sij hawm) kev kho. Yog li ntawd, yog ib tug pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style. Nws yog npaj los revive lub pej xeem kos duab rau ntawm Russia siv nws tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv lub me me cov khoom ua si, los yog khoom siv tes ua ub no, xws li rooj tog, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub loj-scale tej yaam num.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style raws li xws li tsis muaj nyob. Qhov no lub npe yog arbitrary. Nws combines ib tug xov tooj ntawm tiam sis, tej zaum nrog kev tsis sib haum motives. Yog li ntawd niaj hnub no muaj ib co tsis meej pem, thaum architects muab ob txawv kiag li nyob rau hauv nws cov ntaub ntawv, cov kab thiab décor ntawm ib lub tsev nyob rau hauv ib tug pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj txawv nyob rau hauv lub styling. Pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style yog li ntawd saj zawg zog hais tias nws yuav muab tag nrho nrog rau lwm cov architectural tiam sis, nrog rau Art Nouveau thiab Romanticism.

txoj kev loj hlob

Pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style muaj xws li ob peb tiam sis. Lawv nyob raws li nws npaj:

1. Lavxias teb sab-Byzantine. Sawv nyob rau hauv lub 1830s, qhov no style yog dav xyaum nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm Christian kev cai dab qhuas cov vaj tse (Khetos tus Cawm Seej Cathedral, Ascension Cathedral, Grand Kremlin Palace).
2. Romanticism thiab Slavophilism. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub style, uas nyob ib me ntsis tom qab lub ib yav dhau los, twb tsis muaj npe. Tab sis nws cuam tshuam uas muaj npe architectural tiam sis. Ib tug prime piv txwv yog Pogodinskaya tsev pheeb suab.
3. Ropetovschina. Cov kev taw qhia tshwm nyob rau hauv lub 1870s, nws yog oversaturated neeg pluag pej xeem kab lis kev cai thiab architecture (Terem, Printing Mammoth). Nws yog rau coob leej ntau tus vim lub nce qib ntawm zoo-paub critic Stasov.
4. Official. Bellied txhua, frescoes nrog ib lub teb chaws tshiab, cov uas tsis muaj ceilings nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov arches - tag nrho cov sijhawm kev taw qhia. Nws kuj favored cov kev cai thiab lus dab neeg. Piv txwv - Upper Trading Natwm, lub tsev ntawm lub keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej.
5. Neo-Lavxias teb sab. Nws zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 20th caug xyoo. Architects yuav monumental simplicity, ces lawv muab cov ntsiab ntawm ancient monuments thiab sawv ntawm sab qaum teb architecture. Muaj coob tus neeg pom zoo sib xws nrog cov niaj hnub (tsev teev ntuj ntawm Peb tus Cawm Seej).

Tsis ntev los no, historians tau sib cais los ntawm lub neo-Lavxias teb sab style ntawm pseudo-kho nws raws li ib qho kev ywj architectural tiam sis. Tiam sis muaj kuj cov neeg uas koom siab ua ke rau lawv. Vaj tse pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style yog dav faib thoob plaws hauv lub teb chaws, nrog rau cov feem ntau tej thaj chaw deb cheeb tsam ntawm nws.

Nta ntawm tsos

Raws li nyob rau hauv lwm yam lub teb chaws, Russia tau txais lub sij hawm. Txawv motives thiab cov hoob kawm kawm tau los ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, Eastern lub xeev thiab cov sab hnub poob. Thiab lub sij hawm tau tuaj mus rau tsis muaj lub teb chaws hais. Yog li ntawd, pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style nyob rau hauv Russia, raws li zoo raws li nws cov tsos, yuav pom tau tias tej yam ntuj tso.

Nta ntawm lub architectural tiam sis yog nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Prevailing xim - beige, dawb dawb thiab liab.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau thiab muaj peev xwm hauj lwm ua ke style. Muaj tsis muaj tseeb-txiav txim hluav taws xob. Nws yuav muab tau yooj yim nrog rau ntau lwm tus yeej xws li Gothic, los yog pseudo-tiam no.

yam ntxwv nta

Pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style nyob rau hauv architecture nws muaj nws sib txawv, los ntawm uas nws yog txhais. Yam ntxwv nta yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub rooj.

Nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub-ru tsev kho kom zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov spinning cockerel los yog ib tug chij.

Muaj ntau lub tsev nyob rau hauv Russia uas tau dim rau niaj hnub lub sij hawm, txuas mus rau lub kev piav qhia thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style.

xaus

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 20th xyoo pua pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style thiab tus pas nrig rau lub duas paub siv yog maj pib ploj mus. Lub facades ntawm ntau lub tsev nrog rau tag nrho cov turrets, siab ru tsev, qhov rais me me heev nres rau architectural vaj tse thiab kev chaw.

Piv txwv li, ib tug loj nrog nyob hauv lub Duma, yog lub tsev thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm cov kev taw twb tab tom ua siv lub tshiab tau nyob rau hauv architecture thiab nyob rau hauv technologies (siv ntawm cov khoom, loj machine). Cov xav tau kev pab niaj hnub tsev tsis tau raws li pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style. Lo lus uas peb architecture tshiab. Ib tug style rooted nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los, tawm hauv qab ib tug ntau ntawm monuments thiab cim cov vaj tse.