Protamine sulfate: lus piav qhia thiab cov lus qhia

Dab tsi yog yeeb tshuaj yeeb yam zoo li protamine sulfate? Cov lus qhia rau nws siv, nrog rau daim ntawv thiab cov cwj pwm ntawm cov cuab yeej no yuav raug qhia nram qab no.

Cov cwj pwm, cov lus piav qhia, daim ntawv

Protamin Sulfate yog dab tsi? Nws yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem, muab ua kua daj los sis tsis muaj xim tsis tshua xim, npaj rau kev tso dej tshuaj. Cov tshuaj raws li cov yeeb tshuaj no yog tib lub npe thiab ntxiv muaj dej rau kev txhaj tshuaj.

Cov muag ntawm "Protamine sulphate" los hauv ampoules, uas muab tso rau hauv cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob ntawm PVC uas yog PVC, uas yog ntim rau hauv cov ntawv txawb khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub pob muaj cov lus qhia siv thiab ib rab riam.

Kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom muag lam

Dab qhuas yog protamine sulfate? Kev qhia tawm tias qhov no yog ib qho heparin antagonist (tshwj xeeb). 1 mg ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej cawv no muaj peev xwm sawv nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj 80-115 ntawm heparin hauv tus neeg mob cov ntshav.

Cov nyom ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm kev saib xyuas tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tshwm sim sai sai thiab kav li ob xuab moos. Complexation ntawm cov tshuaj no yog vim yog cov nplua mias ntawm cov pawg neeg uas koom ua ke uas khi rau cov chaw nruab nrab ntawm heparin.

Raws li cov lus qhia ntawm protamine, sulfate nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev foom ib protamine-heparin complex, uas ua txhaum nrog tso tawm ntawm yav tas.

Yog hais tias muaj qee qhov tshaj nrog qhov kev kho no, cov ntshav coagulability yuav raug txo qis rau hauv tus neeg mob, vim tias cov khoom ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug qhia tau hais tias muaj kev sib zog ua haujlwm siab.

Pharmacokinetics ntawm tus neeg sawv cev

Dab tsi yog qhov kev ntxim muaj zog ntawm protamine sulfate heparin? Raws li kws txawj, cov yeeb yam tshuaj yeeb ntawm cov tshuaj no tsis tau kawm. Yog li, lawv tsis sawv cev hauv txoj kev qhia.

Kev qhia rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev daws teeb meem

Hauv cov tsos mob li cas, cov tshuaj hu ua "Protamine sulfate" yuav muab tshuaj rau tus neeg mob? Daim ntawv thov ntawm qhov cuab yeej no muaj qhia:

• Ua ntej kev siv cov neeg heparin nrog ib lub hom phiaj kho mob;
• Nrog hypergeparinemia;
• Nrog los ntshav los ntawm ntau dhau heparin;
• Tom qab lub lag luam ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab lub plawv nrog ib qho kev tawm ntawm kev tawm mus sab nraud.

Cov kev txwv tsis pub tuaj yeem teem caij sib tham

Cov tshuaj "Protamine sulfate" (daim ntawv yuav tshuaj yuav tsum yog tus kws kho mob tsuas yog tus kws kho mob) yog qhov kev siv rau cov hauv qab no:

• Cov mob thrombocytopenia;
• Siab rhiab heev rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj;
• Mob ntshav siab heev;
• Congenital los yog idiopathic hypergeparinemia (nyob rau hauv tus mob no, cov tshuaj siv tsis tau, thiab tseem tuaj yeem nce ntshav);
• Noj tshuaj insulin thiab lwm yam tshuaj muaj protamine sulfate;
• Cov kev tsis haum tshuaj rau cov khoom ntses, nrog rau cov anamnesis;
• Insufficiency ntawm adrenal cortex.

Ib tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem pab qhia hais tias kev siv cov tshuaj no rau cov menyuam yaus yog tsawg.

Thaum siv lub cev xeeb tub thiab pub mis, "Protamine sulphate" yuav siv tau. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav tsum tau ua yog tias qhov kev xav ntawm kev kho mob tseem ceeb tshaj qhov yuav raug rau tus me nyuam hauv plab los yog me nyuam.

Cov tshuaj "Protamine sulfate": cov lus qhia rau kev siv

Qhov kev daws teeb meem nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug yuav tsum tau muab qeeb yau los ntawm kev tso dej los ntawm txoj hlab los yog sib tw. Tus nqi ntawm kev tswj hwm yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 5 mg ib feeb twg. Sai kev taw qhia ntawm cov tshuaj yuav ua rau tus neeg mob anaphylactoid cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Kev siv tshuaj ntau npaum li cas yog nyob ntawm txoj kev tswj hwm. Cov koob tshuaj no yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv 300-500 ml ntawm 0.9% kua sodium chloride. Nws yog txwv tsis pub ua kom tau ntau tshaj 150 mg ntawm cov tshuaj tsis pub dhau 60 feeb.

• Nrog bolus txhaj tshuaj, cov tshuaj ntawm protamine sulfate decreases, nyob ntawm seb lub sij hawm twg los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm heparin. Qhov no yog vim yog qhov tseeb hais tias lub yav tas yog tujtaws tawm los ntawm tib neeg lub cev.
• Yog heparin raug txhaj tshuaj tua kab mob, nws yuav tsum nres nws cov dej thiab siv li 20-30 mg ntawm protamine sulfate.
• Thaum txhaj tshuaj heparin subcutaneously, cov tshuaj ntawm protamine sulfate yog 1-1.5 mg ib 100 IU ntawm heparin. Thawj 25-50 mg yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj maj mam ntws mus, thiab qhov seem ntawm tus nqi - ntws tawm mus rau 8-17 teev. Ib qho kev ua haujlwm feem ntau kuj tseem ua tau, tab sis qhov no yuav xav tau kev tswj hwm ntawm APTT.
• Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib lub lag luam nrog extracorporeal ncig, qhov ntau npaum li ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug yog 1.5 mg ib 100 IU ntawm heparin.

Qhov ntev tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho yog 3 hnub.

Sab nyhuv

Yuav protamine sulfate ua rau muaj mob? Cov kev qhia qhia tau hais tias feem ntau ntawm qhov kev npaj no yog qhov ua rau cov neeg mob tsis haum. Txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum nws tseem tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo los ntawm lub cev, lub plawv thiab lub plab, thiab cov tawv nqaij:

• Bradycardia, txo cov ntshav siab;
• Ntuav thiab xeev siab;
• Khaus khaus, tawv nqaij xoo pob, tawm kev txhawj xeeb ntawm anaphylactoid reactions;
• Zoo nkaus li cov cua sov, tsis muaj cua thiab hyperemia ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Cov kis ntawm overdose thiab kev sib cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov tshuaj

Txoj kev daws teeb meem no, npaj rau kev tso dej tshuaj tua kabmob, yog tsis sib thooj nrog penicillins thiab cephalosporins. Muab hais tias nws yog ib qho antagonist, tsawg molecular yuag heparins, active tshuaj tej zaum yuav ua rau kom lub caij thiab siv cov kev txiav txim uas tsis yog-depolarizing nqaij hnaiv.

Ib qho overdose ntawm yeeb tshuaj tej zaum yuav nrog los ntawm los ntshav. Qhov no yog vim muaj qhov tseeb tias cov khoom hauv lo lus nug muaj kev ua siab ua haujlwm siab. Hauv qhov no, yuav tsum tau kho cov tsos mob.

Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb

Koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi ua ntej koj nkag mus rau cov tshuaj xws li protamine sulfate? Cov kws kho mob sib cav hais tias kev siv cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau nruj tswj hwm los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tau ua txhua yam saib xyuas cov neeg mob cov ntshav.

Ua ntej kev qhia txog cov tshuaj no nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub meej tias qhov ntim txaus ntawm tus neeg mob cov ntshav. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias hypovolemia ho ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub cev.

Cia cov khoom noj, tawm ntawm cov chaw muag tshuaj, hnub tas sij hawm

Qhov kev npaj "Protamine sulfate" puas muaj muag rau hauv cov tsev muag tshuaj? Daim ntawv sau tshuaj ua lus Mev lossis Lavxias yuav tsum muab xa mus rau tus kws muag tshuaj, txwv tsis pub cov tshuaj yuav tsis tso tawm.

Khaws cov khoom nug nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw muab tsis tau rau cov me nyuam thiab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tshav ntuj, qhov twg qhov kub ntawm huab cua yog los ntawm 4 mus rau 10 degrees. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov tshuaj tso kua dej ntawm "Protamine sulphate" yuav tsum tsis txhob khov rau txhua qhov teeb meem.

Txee lub neej ntawm kev noj tshuaj no yog 4 xyoos ntawm hnub tim ua kev tsim. Tsis txhob siv nws tom qab lub sijhawm no.

Analogs ntawm lub tshuaj thiab xyuas txog nws

Nws tsis muaj ntau yam analogues rau cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav hloov nrog cov tshuaj xws li "Protamine" thiab "Protamine-Feren".

Raws li cov neeg tawm tswv yim, yuav luag tag nrho cov neeg muaj kev zoo. "Protamine sulfate" yog ib qho zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig rau txhua tus neeg. Qhov no yog lub tswv yim feem ntau cov neeg mob siab koom. Lawv sib cav hais tias qhov tshuaj no tsis pub heparin rau inhibit cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav coagulability, kev txhim kho tus neeg mob tus mob nrog ntshav ntau.

Kuj tseem ceeb rau kev siv yeeb tshuaj no yog qhov ua tau sai thiab ntev mus ntev. Tsis tas li ntawd, kom ua tiav cov kev pab kho mob, tus neeg mob tsis tas yuav mus ua lub sij hawm ntev. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj no yog peb hnub.