Poppy (tsev neeg): general yam ntxwv, nta thiab floral mis

Poppy - ib tsev neeg ntawm dicotyledonous nroj tsuag ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ranunculales uas muab tib neeg cov muaj npe phem opium poppy thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib tug ntau ntawm cov hniav vaj paj. Qhov tsab xov xwm muab ib tug general piav qhia ntawm botanical nroj tsuag.

Cov yam ntxwv papaveraceous

Cov tsev neeg yog heev ntau haiv neeg. Nws muaj xws li hais txog 700 hom, koom nyob rau hauv 45 genera. Feem ntau nws yog cov nyom, tsis tshua lov tas vau thiab sub-shrubs, lub tsuas yog - me me ntoo nrog xav dissected los yog tag nrho nplooj tsis stipules. Faib geography yog impressive, tab sis lub ib thooj ntawm Cov Neeg Sawv Cev hlob nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thiab tsis kub tsis txias latitudes. Qhov loj tshaj tus naj npawb ntawm hom (tshaj 300) belongs rau lub genus Corydalis.

Papaveraceous: general yam ntxwv ntawm lub paj

Rau cov tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg yog yus muaj los ntawm Poppy paj yog bisexual, nyob singly los yog sau nyob rau hauv Inflorescences ntawm ntau hom, rau ib co raws li cyclical, zygomorphic los yog txoj cai. Lawv muaj ib tug muab ob npaug rau perianth, ib khub caducous sepals thiab, raws li ib tug txoj cai, 4 tej nplaim, tsis tshua ntau. Rau poppy yus muaj los ntawm ib tug plurality ntawm Stamens los yog stigmas txhua sedentary hom saum toj zes qe menyuam. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo - plhaub taum pauv los yog cov tshuaj ntsiav muaj me me noob nrog endosperm thiab kab, muaj mlechnikami, tab sis lawv yog tsis tam sim no nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov hom. Yog tsis muaj tsuas yog, tag nrho cov nroj tsuag muaj alkaloids.

Poppy paj rau tsev neeg ntau haiv neeg yog reminiscent ntawm Ranunculaceae. Thiab muaj, thiab muaj tshwm sim actinomorphic thiab zygomorphic zoo, sib txawv kiag li los ntawm txhua lwm yam.

subfamily

Papaveraceous muab faib ua ob subfamilies. Lub ntsiab qauv tshau rau cov kev faib yug - cov qauv ntawm cov paj. Piv txwv li, celandine, poppy muaj qhov tseeb daim ntawv thiab mus rau lub subfamily tau poppy, thiab cov neeg sawv cev los ntawm lub zygomorphic - mus Dymyankovym. Cia ob ntau yam. Qhov loj tshaj plaws genus Dymyankovyh - Corydalis - suav txog 300 hom. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog zus nyob rau hauv temperate climates ntawm Eurasia thiab North America. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv - geophytes nrog tubers (mas hauv paus keeb kwm), thiab ephemeroids. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws yog hais txog cov neeg paub rau tag nrho cov Corydalis vulgaris. Nroj tsuag nrog loj txhuam ntshav-liab paj, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hlub los ntawm bumblebees. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv lawv xav zygomorphic. Yog vim li cas rau cov uas - lub tab txheej vajvoog, elongated nyob rau hauv lub spur. Tab sis, yog hais tias koj sib piv cov Corydalis thiab aconite daim ntawv, peb yuav pom ib tug txawv kiag li hom zigomorfii - thaum xub thawj nws transverse. Tej yam no tsuas yog paj poppy tsev neeg.

disputed taxonomy

Yuav pib, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias hnub no lub feem ntau nrov yog ob hom ntawm taxonomy ntawm flowering nroj tsuag: APG II system (luam tawm nyob rau hauv 2003) thiab cov Cronquist kev faib tsim los ntawm lub American botanist. Qhov thib ob yog ntau lug siv nyob rau hauv tus thawj daim ntawv no, thiab nrog rau niaj hnub yoog. Yog hais tias koj ntseeg hais tias lub APG II system, Poppy tsev neeg cov nroj tsuag mus rau ranunculales kev txiav txim. Tej ntaub ntawv tau feem ntau yuav pom nyob rau hauv internet pab. Txawm li cas los, raws li cov tsoos faib, lawv muaj lawv tus kheej kev txiav txim - Makotsvetnye.

Botanists pom tau hais tias lub systematic txoj hauj lwm ntawm tsev neeg yog tiag tiag tsis meej xwm. Obviously, Poppy tau Ranunculaceae (pictured hauv qab no buttercup loj) common pog koob yawg koob. Nyob rau hauv no hwm, ib co heev interesting yug me nyuam ntawm America. Lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib lub paj Ranunculaceae thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj mlechniki hais tias lawv yog tsis yam ntxwv thiab kos npe rau, uas muaj lub poppy tsev neeg.

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm nws haum zoo-paub, mas nyob rau hauv horticultural qoob loo. Txawm li cas los, feem ntau cov notable, ntawm chav kawm, yog cov opium poppy. Nws yog ncaj ncees rau ntxiv hais tias nws yog hais tsis zoo.

opium poppy

Nws yog tam sim no muab faib xwb nyob rau hauv lub kab lis kev cai. Ua feem ntau yog los ntawm tsis paub qab hau bolls ntais kua txiv yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv alkaloids, uas yog menyuam los ntawm ib tug kws kho taw tes ntawm view .. Narcotine, morphine, codeine, etc. Nws tau ntev opium haus luam yeeb yog ntau nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Asia, tshwj xeeb yog nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, nyob qhov twg nws yog ntawm ib tug loj cim. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov nroj tsuag tsis yog tsuas pab tau, tab sis kuj txaus ntshai. Loj hlob poppy (opium, thiab lwm yam kev tshuaj uas muaj tebchaw) nyob rau hauv Russia yog txwv tsis pub nyob rau hauv sib ntaus tawm tsam cov tshuaj txij li thaum 2004.

Lwm yam neeg ntawm tsev neeg

Ua ib tug sib tham txog papaveraceous, tsis hais qhov tseeb hais tias nws muaj xws li ib tug ntau ntawm hom uas yog tseem ceeb lam thiab hniav vaj nroj tsuag.

• Rhode celandine. Tam sim no nws muaj xws li tsuas yog ob tug hom: cov neeg Esxias thiab loj. Ob nroj tsuag muaj muaj zog lam zog paub rau noob neej txij li thaum lub sij hawm immemorial. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg, ncha lub npe hu ua "nipplewort" vim hais tias ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm kua txiv los kho daim tawv nqaij cov kab mob thiab deduce cos.
• Genus Corydalis. Nws muaj xws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm hom, feem ntau perennial nroj tsuag. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature - tus thooj ntawm tuberous paus, loj racemose inflorescence. Cov tswv cuab ntawm lub genus - yog tsis tsuas zoo lam nroj tsuag, tab sis kuj zib ntab nroj tsuag. Rho hniav ntaub ntawv thiab ntau yam.
• Rhode eschscholzia - ib tug me me genus ntawm cov nroj tsuag los ntawm North America, uas muaj xws li hais txog 10 hom. Nws cov neeg sawv cev yog zoo tshaj plaws lub npe hu li ornamental nroj tsuag, cultivated raws li annuals.

• Rhode Argemona. Lam thaj chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag tau raug hu mus rau lub Aztecs. Tam sim no cov haiv neeg yog muaj nuj nqis rau nws heev ornamental thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv lub vaj thiab sab hauv tsev horticulture.
• Rhode Sanguinar muaj xws li tsuas yog ib hom. Ntuj cog kev loj hlob ib puag ncig - forests nyob rau hauv sab hnub tuaj North America. Tag nrho nws qhov chaw muaj heev tshuaj lom alkaloids. Sanguinar Canadian siv nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj tshuaj.