Poikilocytosis - nws yog dab tsi? Xws li ib lo lus tsis totaub kiag!

Hauv tsev kawm ntawv ntawm biology, tej zaum koj yuav nco ntsoov tias cov qe ntshav liab yog cov qe ntshav liab uas muaj feem xyuam thauj cov pa oxygen thiab carbon dioxide hauv peb lub cev. Cov kab mob no, raws li txoj cai, muaj ib puag ncig cov duab, thiab ua kom muaj ntau tshaj plaws, ua zoo nkauj. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua hauv txoj kev kuaj no tuaj yeem qhia tau cov ntshav liab hloov (oval, crescent lossis pear-shape) nyob rau hauv tib neeg cov ntshav. Cov kev hloov hauv qhov tseeb ntawm cov qe ntshav yog hu ua "poycilocytosis". Nws yog dab tsi? Tam sim no qhia.

Cov lus qhia dav dav

Poikilocytosis yog ib yam kab mob uas muaj erythrocytes ntawm ib daim ntawv hloov kho tsis pub oxygen rau cov nqaij ntawm lub cev. Feem ntau, tus kabmob no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob ntawm ib daim ntawv ntawm anemia.

"Poikilocytosis - yog dab tsi?" - qhov teeb meem no yog kev txaus siab rau txhua tus neeg uas muaj txoj kev mob nkeeg no. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog to taub tias qee tus erythrocytes ntawm daim ntawv tsis tseem ceeb tau rov qab mus rau lub xeev qhov tseeb. Cov no yog cov echinocytes thiab stomatocytes. Cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog qoob loo ntxiv (acanthocytes, drapano- cytes, codocites, dacryocytes, thiab lwm yam) yog irreversible.

Poikilocytosis nyob rau hauv kev kuaj ntshav. Hom thiab cov ntaub ntawv

Yog li, cov kab mob ntshav, nrog rau kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav liab, hu ua "poicilocytosis." Dab tsi yog nws yog tam sim no meej. Tab sis kuj muaj ntau hom kab mob qog ntshav liab. Cia peb xav txog ntau yam dav dav.

• Echinocytes yog cov hlwb pob txha nrog ntau yam kev tawm dag zog. Feem ntau lawv tshwm sim hauv kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov neeg mob ntawm uremia.
• Stomatocytes yog erythrocytes, convex rau ib sab thiab concave ntawm lwm. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov hlwb no tau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm dentocytosis. Lwm lub npe rau cov dentites yog hydrocitrate.
• Acanthocytes yog cov qaum hlwb uas muaj kev txheeb zoo li cov txheej txheem tawm ntawm lub ntsej muag. Poikilocytosis ntawm erythrocytes nyob rau hauv daim ntawv acanthocyte yog pom nrog neuroacanthocytosis thiab abetalipoproteinemia.
• Drepanocytes yog cov kab mob hlwb zoo li tus kab mob uas muaj cov hemoglobin S, uas tuaj yeem ua tau polymerize thiab, nrog cov pa tsis muaj zog hauv cov ntshav, deform daim nyias nyias.
• Kodocytes yog lub hom phiaj hlwb nrog thaj tsam zuj zus ntawm vim muaj cov roj cholesterol hauv lawv. Poikilocytosis nyob rau hauv kev ntsuam xyuas ntshav hauv daim ntawv no tshwm sim nrog hemoglobinopathy C thiab S, lub caij nyoog ntev daj thiab ua rau qaug.
• Dacryocytes yog cov kua muag zoo li lub hlwb zoo nkaus li cov qauv mob. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, cov hloov erythrocytes yog muab rau cov neeg kev txom nyem los ntawm tshuaj lom kab mob siab, nrog mob hnyav hlau tsis muaj peev xwm, myelofibrosis.
• Cov kab mob microspherocytes yog cov hlwb, lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Lawv muaj ib cov qauv zoo ntawm cov tuab tuab, tab sis cov kab me me. Qhov no hom ntawm cov ntshav liab yog ib qho nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas hemolytic anemia.
• Elliptocites yog cov qe ntshav dawb, uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo. Cov naj npawb ntawm cov hlwb hauv tib neeg cov ntshav yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj ntau tshaj 8-10%. Yog hais tias cov kev cai tshaj lij dhau, peb yuav tsum tham txog ntau hom kev mob ntshav tsis txaus los yog keeb hlav elliptic.

Cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov xim ntawm erythrocytes nyob rau hauv poycilocytosis

Qhov feem ntau hom daim tawv hloov ntawm erythrocytes yog hypochromia, yog los ntawm ib lub xov tooj uas tsis tshua muaj neeg siv xov tooj. Qhov no yog vim muaj kev tsis haum ntawm ntshav qe ntshav Hb.

Qhov tshwm sim txawv yog hyperchromia. Qhov tshwm sim no yog txuam nrog kev ua siab dawb siab tshaj ntawm Herythrocyte Hb. Daim ntawv no yog tsawg dua thiab feem ntau yog txuam nrog ib qho tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm lub cev ntawm vitamin B12 thiab folic acid.

Polychromatophilia yog qhov kuaj pom ntawm grayish xim nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm erythrocytes. Feem ntau, xws li cov ntshav cov ntshav tau pom hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib.

Cov koom hauv erythrocytes

Poikilocytosis nyob rau hauv cov ntshav tsis yog hloov hauv cov kev hloov hauv cov ntshav liab thiab lawv cov ntxoov ntxoo xwb, tab sis kuj yog nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev txhim kho pob txha txhuam hlwb hauv hlwb.

• Taurus Jolly yog ib qho me me (feem ntau ntawm 1-3) ntawm cov pob inclusions ntawm xim liab-xim liab. Lawv lub xub ntiag yog cov cai nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov menyuam mos. Nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg noj qab haus huv, cov kev tso tawm no yuav tsum tsis raug txheeb xyuas.
• Cov voj voog ntawm Quota yog qhov seem ntawm lub hnab ntawv ntawm cov tub ntxhais ntawm lub megaloblast, xim liab.
• Basophilic granularity - Essence ntawm cov kob xiav granules, uas yog manifested thaum lead lom, megaloblastic anemia thiab thalassemia.
• Heinz-Ehrlich lub cev yog cov uas yog tsim los ntawm hom tshuaj Hb. Qhov kev kuaj pom ntawm cov kab mob pathological no yog ib qho kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tau hemolysis.

Degree ntawm manifestation

Tus neeg mob ntawm cov poicylocytosis hauv cov neeg mob tau pom los ntawm cov duab los yog cov pluses. Cia saib xyuas ntau yam:

• 1 lossis (+) - ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob. 25% ntawm erythrocytes txawv me me los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv hlwb.
• 2 lossis (++) - mob poicylocytosis. 50% ntawm cov ntshav corpuscles tsis sib thooj li loj. Tam sim ntawd pib kho.
• 3 lossis (+++) - hais tau poicylocytosis, uas nce txog 75% ntawm cov ntshav liab qeeb me ntsis.
• 4 los sis (++++) yog ib yam mob ntawm tus kab mob. Tag nrho cov ntshav liab tsis zoo.

Peb cia siab tias nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no koj tau pom lo lus teb rau lo lus nug: "Poikilocytosis - yog dab tsi?" - thiab kawm txog cov laj thawj ntawm nws tshwm sim.