Poet Eduard Bagritsky: biography, creativity, photo

Edward Bagritsky (nws lub npe tiag tiag Dzyuban (Dzyubin)) - Lavxias teb sab paj huam, playwright thiab tshuab txhais lus. Nws yug hauv Odessa. Nws tsev neeg yog Yudai, Bourgeois. Muaj cov kev cai dab qhuas muaj zog hauv nws. Edward Bagritsky, uas nws yees duab koj yuav pom hauv tsab xov xwm no, tau kawm nyob rau hauv 1905-10 hauv Odessa School of St. Paul. Tom qab ntawd, nws ntxiv nws txoj kev kawm nyob rau hauv 1910-12 hauv Kherson Street (Odessa) lub tsev kawm ntawv. Zhukovsky. Raws li tus tsim qauv, Eduard tau koom nrog cov ntawv xov xwm ntawm "Magazine of Our Life." Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau xyoo 1913-15, tus kws sau paj huam yav tom ntej tau kawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv soj ntsuam hauv av, tab sis nws txoj hauj lwm nws yeej tsis ua haujlwm.

Nkag mus rau cov ntawv nyeem

Edward Bagritsky pib luam tawm paj huam hauv xyoo 1915. Thiab tsis nyob hauv nws lub npe. Nws tam sim ntawd coj tus pseudonym ntawm Bagritsky. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nws paub thiab nyob hauv ib tug poj niam daim npog qhov ncauj, kos nws cov ntawv "Nina Sawv Rov Los." Nws tej hauj lwm tau luam tawm thawj zaug hauv Odessa phau ntawv sau almanacs. Edward tsis ntev los no yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas sau ntawm Odessa, tom qab ntawd los ua cov neeg sau ntawv tseem ceeb (Yuri Olesha, Valentin Kataev, Ilya Ilf, Semyon Kirsanov, Lev Slavin, Vera Inber).

Nkag mus rau hauv cov tub rog liab, ua haujlwm hauv Odessa

Thaum lub sijhawm Civil War (xyoo 1918) nws tuaj yeem pab dawb rau cov tub rog liab. Edward ua haujlwm hauv ib lub rooj sib tham tshwj xeeb rau lawv. VTsIK, nyob rau hauv nom tswv fab tub ceev xwm. Nws tau tsim kev kub ntxhov. Tom qab ua rog, Edward ua haujlwm hauv Odessa. Ntawm no nws pib koom tes ua ib tug kws kos duab thiab paj huam hauv Yugrosta nrog V. Narbut, Yu Olesha, V. Kataev, S. Bondarin. Eduard Bagritsky tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv ntau Odessa ntawv xov xwm, zoo li cov ntawv xov xwm humorous. Nws paub nyob rau hauv lub pseudonyms "Rabkor Gorcev", "Nina Sawv Rov Los" thiab "Ib tug neeg Vasya".

Tsiv mus rau Moscow, qhov zoo li ntawm thawj sau ntawm cov kwv huam

Bagritsky xyoo 1925 tuaj txog rau Moscow. Nws tau los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm "Pass", uas yog ib pawg neeg paub zoo. Ib xyoos tom qab, Edward txiav txim siab los koom nrog cov neeg tsim khoom.

Thawj phau ntawm nws cov kwv huam tau yug xyoo 1928 ("Southwest"). "Southwest" tau luam tawm rau xyoo 1928. Feem ntau ntawm cov paj huam los ntawm phau ntawv no tau muab sau thiab luam tawm thawj zaug nyob hauv Odessa: "Autumn", "Watermelon", "Til Ulenspiegel". Phau ntawv no muaj xws li cov paj huam nrov npe los ntawm Bagritsky "The Duma txog Opanas", thiab tshaj plaws ntawm nws zaj paj lug "Smugglers". Tom ntej no sau, "The Winners," tau luam tawm thaum xyoo 1932. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, phau ntawv Kawg Hmo Ntuj raug muab luam tawm. Tus kws sau paj huam tuaj koom RAPP hauv xyoo 1930. Nws nyob hauv Moscow, nyob rau hauv "Tsev ntawm Cov Neeg Sau Ntawv" Cooperative "ntawm 2 Kamergersky Lane.

"Lub Duma txog Opasan"

Nyob rau hauv nws zaj paj huam "Lub Duma txog Opanas" qhia txog kev sib cav sib ceg ntawm Opanas, ib tug me nyuam hauv zos ntawm Ukraine, npau suav ntawm ib lub neej nyob ntsiag to hauv nws lub teb chaws; Thiab Yauxej Kogan, ib tug thawj coj ntawm Yudai, uas tau tiv thaiv qhov tseeb "siab tshaj plaws" thiab nqi ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev hloov. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg, txawm li cas los, hais tias tom qab txoj kev tuag ntawm Edward, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub "sib ntaus tawm tsam cosmopolitanism", no zaj paj huam twb tshaj tawm hais tias ib tug "Zionist ua hauj lwm" nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj 30, 1949, luam tawm nyob rau hauv "Literary ntawv xov xwm". "Lub Duma txog Opanas" kuj tau piav raws li kev hais lus tawm tsam cov neeg Ukrainian.

Tus kheej cov yeeb yam ntawm tus kws sau paj lug

Eduard Bagritsky yog qhov zoo heev. Lus dab neeg tau hais dua txog qhov no. Zoo kawg li nco li cia ib tug plurality ntawm kab ntawm cov paj huam. Nws tsis paub txog qhov kev txwv ntawm nws lub siab, tiam sis ua siab zoo sov so hauv 20-30 xyoo-tsis yog ib tug kws sau paj lug. Bagritsky hais tias ib tug ntawm cov thawj cov tub ntxhais txuj ci Oshanina L., J. Smelyakov, DM. Kedrin, A. Twardowski. Pib cov kws ntxoov ntxoo txhais tau hais tias nws ua txhaum rau nws nrog kev thov kom mloog thiab ntsuam xyuas lawv cov haujlwm.

Bagritsky-txhais lus

Edward Bagritsky tsis yog ib tus kws sau paj lug zoo heev. Nws tuaj yeem hu ua tus neeg txhais lus ntawm Walter Scott thiab Thomas Hood, Nazim Hikmet thiab Joe Hill, Vladimir Sosyura thiab Mikola Bazhan, Robert Burns.

Xav txog tus cwj pwm ntawm communism hauv tswv yim zoo

Bagritsky yog ib tug xibfwb uas tau ntsej muag nrog kev tsis txaus siab. Nws txais lub kiv puag ncig. Cov paj huam romantic ntawm Bagritsky qhuas lub tsev ntawm communism. Edward tib lub sijhawm mob siab sim ncaj qha rau hauv nws lub qhov muag lub siab phem ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm cov revolutionaries, thiab cov tuaj txog ntawm totalitarianism. Xyoo 1929 nws tau sau ib zaj nkauj "TVS". Nyob rau hauv nws, tus xav xav tau thiab mob sau yog lig Felix Dzerzhinsky, txog lub xyoo pua tuaj, remarked tias yog nws hais tias "lus dag", nws yuav tsum tau ua. Thiab yog hais tias nws yog hais los tua, ces qhov no yuav tsum tau ua.

Xyoo tas los ntawm lub neej, lub ntees tuag ntawm Bagritsky

Txij thaum pib ntawm xyoo 1930, qhov mob hawb pob ntawm Bagritsky. Qhov mob no nws raug kev txom nyem txij thaum yau. Xyoo 1934, thaum Lub Ob Hlis 16, nws tuag nyob rau hauv Moscow, rau plaub zaug nws ua mob nrog mob ntsws. Tus kws sau paj huam raug muab faus ntawm Novodevichy Lub Tuam Txhab. Ib tug tub ceev xwm ntawm cov tub rog caij nees taug kev tom nws lub hleb nrog sabers liab qab.

Paj Huam "Lub Ob Hlis"

Paj Huam "Lub Ob Hlis", luam tawm tom qab txoj kev tuag ntawm Eduard Bagritsky, tseem nce qib kev tsis sib haum. Qhov no, nws muaj peev xwm yuav hais tau, yog qhov lees txim ntawm ib tug hluas Yudai uas koom rau hauv lub kiv puag ncig. Cov pej xeem, anti-Semitic, pheej sau hais tias tus ntxim ntawm cov paj huam, uas tau tso dag poj niam, uas yog nws qhov kev ntaus kis las, nyob rau hauv nws tus neeg ua kev ua phem rau tag nrho Russia, yog li pauj rau kev poob ntsej muag ntawm nws cov "tsis muaj tsev nyob." Txawm li cas los xij, cov qauv qub ntawm zaj paj lug yog hais txog ib feem peb ntawm nws. Cov haujlwm yog hais txog ib tug schoolboy Jewish school uas tau los ua ib tug txiv neej tom qab dhau los ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thiab Tsov Rog. Lub laib, raug ntes los ntawm protagonist, kuj muaj tsawg kawg yog ob feem peb ntawm cov neeg Yudas. Qhov no yog evidenced los ntawm cov npe ntawm nws cov neeg koom - Petya Kambala, Semka Rabinovich thiab Monya Brilliantchik.

Txoj hmoo ntawm tus txij nkawm thiab tus tub ntawm Eduard Bagritsky

Xyoo 1920, Eduard Bagritsky sib yuav. Nws lub neej tsuas yog siv rau ib txoj kev sib yuav xwb. Nrog Lydia Gustavovna, Suok Edward nyob txog thaum nws tuag. Tus poj ntsuam ntawm tus kws sau paj huam tau luam tawm rau xyoo 1937. Ntawm qhov xaus nws rov qab tsuas yog xyoo 1956. Vsevolod, Edward tus tub, tuag nyob rau hauv 1942 nyob rau hauv lub hauv ntej.

Cov no tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov kws sau paj huam xws li Eduard Bagritsky. Cov ntawv sau nyob rau hauv tshooj no tsuas muab lub tswvyim ntawm nws xwb. Tus so yuav tau hais los ntawm nws cov kwv huam, uas peb pom zoo rau qhov chaw nyob.