Penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob: sib ntaus "khawv koob mos txwv"

Penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob - ib pab pawg neeg ntawm antibacterial tshuaj ua los ntawm fungal kab lis kev cai ntawm lub genus Penicillium. Niaj hnub no, lawv yog zoo nyob rau hauv chemo- thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Ib yam li cephalosporins, penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob txwv kom muab zais li beta-lactam tshuaj. Nrog ib tug muaj zog bactericidal nyhuv thiab ib tug high degree ntawm kev ua si tiv thaiv kab-zoo cov kab mob, lawv muaj ib tug tsis tshua ceev thiab haib nyhuv los ntawm sawv pathogenic cov kab mob tsuas yog nyob rau loj hlob theem.

Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm no pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj yog lawv muaj peev xwm mus txeem rau hauv nyob hlwb thiab muaj ib tug neutralizing ntxim rau cov tswm hauv cov pathogens. Qhov no kev zoo losis phem nyob rau hauv ntau tshuaj tua kab mob-cephalosporins nrog penicillin, nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog uas lawv muaj ib tug me ntsis ntau dua kuj mus beta-lactamases - tshwj xeeb kev tiv thaiv enzymes uas ua los ntawm pathogenic microorganisms.

Tus foundations ntawm penicillin, lub zog ntawm cov lus Askiv microbiologist Aleksandra Fleminga nyob rau hauv 1929, ua ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj revolutions nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Nws los ua tau nraaj kho ntau yam kab mob ua ntej centuries raug xam tias yog tuag - e.g., mob ntsws o. Thiab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm penicillin nyob rau hauv ob ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog nyob rau hauv kev yog nquag thiab tsim nyog ntawm cais cov kws tshawb fawb.

Thawj nrhiav lub tswv yim ntawm yeeb tshuaj, ib tug nyhuv dejnum rau kab mob, tab sis nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg rau cov tib neeg, tau formulated thiab siv nyob rau hauv qhov tig ntawm XIX-XX centuries tus founder ntawm cov kws khomob, Paulem Erlihom. Zoo li yeeb tshuaj, nws aptly remarked, zoo li ib tug "khawv koob mos txwv." Tej tshuaj tebchaw tau sai pom cov derivatives ntawm ib co cov khoom cua dyes. Hu ua "cov kws khomob", lawv tau ua siv lug nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm syphilis. Thiab txawm hais tias lawv ua tau thiab kev nyab xeeb tau deb heev los ntawm niaj hnub penicillins, lawv yog cov thawj harbingers ntawm tshuaj tua kab mob nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub saib.

Tam sim no penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob pom hais tias nws lub siab tshaj plaws efficiency nrog hwm rau co microorganisms. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb ntawm thiaj li hu ua superpenitsillinov (azlocillin, piperacillin, mezlocillin thiab lwm tus), raws li zoo raws li peb-tiam cephalosporins, uas yog siv feem ntau rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm tau postoperative teeb meem. Niaj hnub no, muaj hwj chim loj tshuaj tua kab mob penicillin pab pawg neeg siv los kho cov me nyuam, cev xeeb tub cov poj niam, cov neeg laus, cov neeg mob uas raum insufficiency thiab ntau hom mob nonspecific epididymitis.

Txawm tias tag nrho cov achievements ntawm niaj hnub pharmacology thiab txheeb ze perfection ntawm penicillin npaj npau suav Paulya Erliha ntawm "zoo meej khawv koob mos txwv 'tsis yog dab tsi thaum nws yog siv, raws li txawm lub ntsev yog teeb meem nyob rau hauv ntev li ntawm nqi. Yuav ua li cas yuav ua tau peb hais txog tej haib thiab txaus ntshai cov tshuaj raws li penicillin tshuaj tua kab mob! Tshwm sim los ntawm antibacterials cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum cais tau ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev tsis haum, tshuaj lom tshuaj thiab ntxaug ntawm txoj hnyuv muaj nuj nqi.