Pechorin thiab Grushnitski: yam ntxwv ntawm heroes

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1940 ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib tsab ntawm tej hauj lwm "Hero of Our Lub sij hawm", sau los ntawm Mihailom Yurevichem Lermontovym. Qhov no tshiab kuj yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov interesting thiab txawv txawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub Soviet ntaub ntawv. Phau ntawv no yog twb ntau tshaj ib nrab xyoo pua yog qhov kev kawm ntawm ntau cov kev tshawb fawb thiab sib cav tswv yim. Nws tsis poob hnub no nws heev thiab cov num. Belinsky sau txog phau ntawv no hais tias nws yeej tsis meant rau loj hlob laus. Peb kuj txiav txim siab los xa mus rau nws thiab sau koj tsab ntawv. Grushnitski thiab Pechorin - heev interesting cim.

tiam feature

Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin, lub protagonist ntawm tus tshiab xam tau tias yog mus nyob thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm Lermontov, uas yog, hais txog peb caug xyoo ntawm lub puas tawm xyoo. Lub sij hawm no nws yog ib lub sij hawm ntawm grim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas ua raws li cov uprising ntawm lub Decembrists nyob rau hauv 1825 thiab nws swb. Forward xav tus neeg yuav tsis nyob rau hauv hais tias lub sij hawm nrhiav kev siv ntawm lawv tej txuj ci thiab kev txawj. Yog tsis ntseeg, disbelief, tsis kam muab tau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hluas tiam nco qab ntawm cov xyoo. Txiv ideals raug muab tso tseg los ntawm lawv cov "menyuam txaj", thiab ces cov neeg no yog hais lus thiab kev ncaj ncees kev cai thiab qhov tseem ceeb xws li. Yog li ntawd, VG Belinsky sau hais tias "Pechorin kev txom nyem heev," vim hais tias nws yuav tsis thov cov haib rog ntawm tus ntsuj plig.

Tshiab artistic xov xwm

Lermontov, tsim nws tej hauj lwm depicting lub neej raws li nws yog nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ib tug tshiab artistic xov xwm, thiab nws pom lawv. Cov nyiaj no tsis paub tej Western los yog Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, thiab lawv tseem deev peb admiration vim kev twb kev txuas ntawm ib tug dav thiab dawb dluab ntawm cov cim nrog lawv muaj peev xwm objectively qhia mus qhia ib tug cim los ntawm cov plaub ntawm xaav ntawm lwm yam.

Cia peb xav txog lub ntsiab ob cim ntawm no tshiab. Nws Pechorin thiab Grushnitski.

duab Pechorin

Pechorin yog nyob rau hauv nws cov keeb kwm ib qho aristocrat, yog tus qauv secular kev kawm ntawv. Thaum tawm los ntawm nyob rau hauv niam txiv zov, nws mus "yog ib tug zoo lub teeb" nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txaus siab rau tag nrho cov pleasures. Tsis ntev, txawm li cas los, xws li ib tug frivolous lub neej nws yog nkees, nkees ntawm tus hero, thiab nyeem cov phau ntawv. Pechorin tom qab ib co dab neeg, sensational nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, exiled mus rau lub Caucasus.

Ua si cov tsos ntawm cov hero, tus sau cov ntsiab lus tawm ib tug ob peb strokes rau nws keeb kwm: "noble brow", "daj ntseg", "me me" txhais tes. Qhov no ua cim - tawv thiab lub cev muaj zog txiv neej. Nws yog endowed nrog kev txawj ntse, critically appraising lub ntiaj teb no.

Ximxoo Grigoriya Aleksandrovicha Pechorina

Pechorin xav txog cov teeb meem ntawm kev zoo thiab kev phem, kev phooj ywg thiab kev hlub, lub ntsiab lus ntawm peb lub neej. Nws yog nws tus kheej-tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam ntawm nws lub contemporaries, sib nrug los ntawm lub fact tias nws tiam yog tsis tau ua sacrifices tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov kev pab ntawm noob neej, tiam sis kuj rau koj tus kheej koj tus kheej zoo siab. Hero zoo kws txiav txim plaub ntawm cov ua cim, nws tsis nyiam teev lub neej "dej lub tuam txhab", nws ntsuas lub nroog loj aristocracy, muab lawv rhuav tshem cov yam ntxwv. Qhov tseem no: thiab tag nrho ntawm kev kaj siab lug Petchorin qhia tawm nyob rau hauv lub zoo zaj dab neeg "Princess Mary", thaum lub sij hawm ib tug lub rooj sib tham nrog Grushnitski. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Pechorin thiab Grushnitsky nyob rau hauv lawv txheem - ib tug qauv ntawm cov sib sib zog nqus puas siab puas ntsws tsom xam ntawm Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova.

Grushnitski

Sau ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm "Ib tug Hero of Our Lub sij hawm" tsis tau muab lub npe thiab tus patronymic ntawm no cim, hu nws los ntawm nws lub xeem lub npe - Grushnitski. Qhov no yog ib qho me nyuam tub, cadet, uas npau suav ntawm kev hlub thiab Sprockets rau lawv niaj hnub. Nws mob siab rau - mus tsim cov nyhuv. Grushnitski xa mus rau ntxhais fuabtais Mary nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab uniform, losis ntawm naj hoom, dressy. Qhov no ua cim - ib tug mediocrity uas nws xam qhovkev tsis muaj zog forgivable, txawm li cas los, nyob rau ntawm nws lub hnub nyoog - "ib tug mob siab rau hais dab" thiab "drape" nyob rau hauv ib co txawv txawv txoj kev xav. Grushnitski nrhiav mus ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug disillusioned hero, fashionable thaum lub sij hawm, npe nrov li raug muab tej txiaj ntsim nrog "lub paub tsis meej ntawm kev txom nyem." Qhov no ua cim - ib tug parody ntawm Pechorin, thiab heev udavshayasya, nws yog tsis muaj zem rau cov hluas cadet li distasteful mus rau yav tas.

Confrontation: Pechorin thiab Grushnitski

Grushnitski lawv tus cwj pwm qhia txog cov nom tswv cajceg ntawm Grigory, tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, ciali los lwv tej hnub nyoog xws nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Pechorin vim hais tias nws spied on Princess Mary thiab Grushnitski hais tias, ntawm chav kawm, tsis yog ib tug noble ua. nws Princess, kuv yuav tsum hais tias, yeej tsis hlub, tab sis tsuas yog siv nws hlub thiab cia siab rau kam nrog nws tus yeeb ncuab - Grushnitski.

Cov yav tas, li-minded neeg tsis to taub cov thawj cwj pwm rau Pechorin. Nws tus kheej mas ntseeg tus neeg tseem ceeb heev thiab insightful. Grushnitski hais tias condescendingly: "Kuv xav tias thov txim rau koj, Pechorin." Txawm li cas los, tsim tau yog tsis nyob rau ib lub hom phiaj Grigory. Nws tau raug muaj los ntawm xam khib, kev chim siab thiab mob siab rau ntawm cadet tshwm sim rau cov nyeem ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug nkaus txawv lub teeb, ua kom deb li deb los ntawm harmless. Nws muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm meanness, ncaj ncees thiab kua zaub ntsuab. Ua si nyuam qhuav nyob rau hauv cov nom tswv cajceg ntawm tus hero yog tau hnub no yuav muab tso rau ib lub mos txwv nyob rau hauv lub unarmed txiv neej. Duel Grushnitsky Pechorin thiab qhia qhov tseeb essence ntawm cov thawj, uas yog qhov tawm tsam reconciliation thiab Grigoriy Aleksandrovich coolly yub nws thiab tua nws. Hero tuag haus ib khob ntawm kev ntxub thiab kev txaj muag ntawm hloov siab lees txim ua ntej thaum xaus. Qhov no yog ib tug nyuag confrontation, uas coj lub ntsiab ob cim - Pechorin thiab Grushnitski. Comparative yam ntxwv ntawm cov dluab yog lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm.

Reflections Grigoriya Aleksandrovicha Pechorina

Ua ntej mus rau ib tug duel (Pechorin Grushnitsky), Grigoriy Aleksandrovich, recalling nws lub neej, muab lus nug txog vim li cas nws nyob, dab tsi twb yug. Thiab cov lus teb nws tus kheej, nws pom tau tias "ntau dua lub hom phiaj" nco lub dag lub zog nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej. Ces Grigoriy Aleksandrovich to taub hais tias tau ntev tau xwb "taus" nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm txoj hmoo. Muaj yog ib tug zoo ib ntawm sab ntsuj plig rog thiab tsis tsim nyog ntawm cov hero ntawm me me deeds. Nws xav kom "hlub lub ntiaj teb no", tab sis theem xwb txoj kev nyuaj siab thiab kev phem neeg. Lub siab, noble intentions degenerate rau hauv petty txoj kev xav thiab nyias mus nyob lub neej mus rau tag nrho - nyob rau hauv lub nco ntsoov ntawm hopelessness thiab doom. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm no tragic hero, nws yog ib leeg. Duel nrog Pechorin Grushnitski kom meej meej pom nws.

Lermontov hu ua nws tshiab li vim hais tias cov cim rau nws - qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug luag hauj lwm qauv, thiab ib tug portrait tias ua li tus vices ntawm cov niaj hnub tiam ntawm tus sau phau ntawv nyob rau hauv lawv daim ntawv qhia txog kev loj hlob.

xaus

Ximxoo Grushnitsky li pab qhia nyob rau hauv Pechorin ntsiab qualities ntawm nws xwm los. Qhov no nkhaus daim iav Grigory, teem tawm qhov tseem ceeb thiab ib tug uas muaj tseeb tiag "kev txom nyem egoist", exclusivity thiab qhov tob ntawm nws tus cwj pwm. Nrog rau kev quab yuam nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm Grushnitsky qhia thiab tag nrho cov lurking nyob rau hauv lub depths ntawm no hom ntawm kev ruaj, ib tug puas quab yuam xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv lub individualistic philosophy uas yog xam qhovkev Romanticism. Lermontov pom tag nrho cov abysses ntawm tus tib neeg tus ntsuj plig, tsis nrhiav kom tau ib tug ncaj ncees txiav txim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no. Pechorin thiab Grushnitski li - qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug zoo thiab tsis zoo ua cim. Psychology Pechorin yog tsis ncaj raws li nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntawm Grushnitsky yuav nrhiav tau ib co zoo qualities.