Pawg lwm haiv tib pab pawg neeg - ib tug ... Hom thiab tej yam tshwm sim ntawm haiv neeg

Tag nrho cov neeg nyob ntawm peb poj ntiaj chaw sib txawv heev: piv txwv li, lub mountaineers yog tsis muaj dab tsi zoo li lub Aisliasdawm. Txawm nyob rau hauv tib lub teb chaws los yog lub teb chaws muaj peev xwm nyob cais pawg haiv neeg txawv nyob rau hauv lawv cov kab lis kev cai thiab kev lig kev cai. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub haiv neeg pab pawg neeg - yog ib feem ntawm lub haiv neeg, ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv ntau, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam chaw uas zoo heev dabneeg. Cia peb xav txog nyob rau hauv ntau yam no qhov teeb meem.

Lub keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm ntawm lub sij hawm

Rau hnub tim, ib haiv neeg pab pawg neeg - nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb txog txoj kev tshawb fawb rau cov sciences xws li keeb kwm, geography, pejxeem, kab lis kev cai. Social psychologists kawm qhov teeb meem nrog ib tug saib kom tiv thaiv thiab daws tau ntau yam haiv neeg tsis sib haum. Yuav ua li cas yog lub keeb kwm ntawm lub sij hawm?

Heev ntawm nthuav cov etymology ntawm lo lus "haiv neeg". Nrog lub Greek lus yuav tsum txhais raws li "tsis Greek." Uas yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, "haiv neeg" - ib tug neeg txawv, ib tug txawv teb chaws. Cov ancient Greeks siv lub sij hawm mus rau xa mus rau ntau yam pab pawg neeg yog tsis yog los ntawm Greek keeb kwm. Tab sis lawv hu lawv tus kheej rau lwm, tsis muaj tsawg naas ej lus - "demos", uas txhais tau tias "neeg". Tom qab ntawd, lub sij hawm tau migrated nyob rau hauv lub Latin hom lus, nyob rau hauv uas muaj kuj yog lub chaw "haiv neeg". Nyob rau hauv lub Nrab Hnub nyoog nws tau siv nquag nyob rau hauv kev cai dab qhuas kev txiav txim zoo, raws li ib tug synonym rau cov lus "non-Christian", "pagan".

Niaj hnub no, "haiv neeg" yog purely scientific lub sij hawm uas hais txog txhua yam ntawm haiv neeg. Science uas tseem ua hauj lwm nrog txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lawv yog hu ua ethnography.

Pawg lwm haiv tib pab pawg neeg - nws yog ...

Yuav ua li cas yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm no lub sij hawm? Thiab yog dab tsi yog nws cov nta thiab pom qhov txawv nta?

Pawg lwm haiv tib pab pawg neeg - ib tug ruaj khov zej zog ntawm cov neeg, uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam cheeb tsam thiab nws muaj nws tus kheej yus tus yam ntxwv. Kev Cai rau xws li ib tug pab pawg neeg yuav tsum tau tham tom qab.

Nyob rau hauv science, lub sij hawm yog heev feem ntau nrhiav tau nrog cov ntsiab lus uas xws li "haiv neeg", "rau haiv neeg", "lub teb chaws". Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev cai lij choj teb thiab nws yog lig tsis tuaj kawm ntawv - nws muaj nws yog feem ntau hloov los ntawm cov nqe lus "lub teb chaws" thiab "lub teb chaws cov haiv neeg tsawg". Qhov uas tsis muaj tseeb cov lus txhais ntawm cov tswv yim yog ib qho loj scientific kev sib tw. Muaj ntau zaum ntseeg hais tias txhua tus ntawm lawv yog nkaum ib lub phenomenon, li ntawd, lawv yuav tsis qhia tau. Nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab txhais ntawm lub tswvyim ntawm "haiv neeg" Soviet soj ntsuam feem ntau tsim txom pawg ntawm Sociology thiab Western - psychology.

Western zaum tau pom ob tug heev ib qho tseem ceeb nta ntawm haiv neeg:

• firstly, lawv tsis muaj lawv tus kheej lub xeev;
• Secondly, nrog nws cov keeb kwm, Ib pawg haiv neeg yog tsis active thiab tseem ceeb keeb kwm yam.

Qauv haiv neeg

Tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm haiv neeg muaj kwv yees li tib yam qauv, uas muaj peb lub ntsiab qhov chaw:

1. Cov tub ntxhais ntawm ib tug haiv neeg, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm kev cog lus ntawm nyob rau hauv ib tug cheeb tsam.
2. Peripherals - yog ib feem ntawm ib pab pawg neeg uas yog ib thaj nyuag cais los ntawm cov tub ntxhais.
3. Diaspora - qhov no yog ib feem ntawm tus pej xeem hais tias yog ib thaj nyuag dispersed, xws li, nws yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv lwm yam haiv neeg zej zog.

Lub ntsiab yam tshwm sim ntawm haiv neeg zej zog

Muaj ntau ntau thaj chaw nyob rau hauv uas ib tug neeg muaj peev xwm yuav ntaus nqi mus rau ib tug lwm haiv neeg. Nws yog noteworthy tias cov yam ntxwv ua neeg zej zog xav txog lawv tus kheej tseem ceeb, lawv yog lub hauv paus ntawm lawv yog leejtwg tiag.

Ntawm no yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm haiv neeg:

• hais txog los ntawm cov ntshav thiab sib yuav (qhov no feature yog twb xam tau tias yog dog dig outdated);
• zaj keeb kwm ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab kev loj hlob;
• hwv paus, piv txwv li, losis tswvyim dabtsi rau ib tug qhov chaw, lub chaw uas zoo heev;
• ib qho yam lus;
• nws cov kev cai yam ntxwv thiab kev cai.

Lub ntsiab yam ntawm haiv neeg

Rau hnub tim, muaj ntau ntau classifications ntawm haiv neeg thiab haiv neeg zej zog: thaj, lus, anthropological, kev cai thiab nyiaj txiag.

Los ntawm haiv neeg xws li cov nram qab no (ntau ntau):

• Qws - tsis muaj dab tsi zoo li ib tug nyob ze zej zog ntawm cov ntshav cov txheeb ze.
• Pawg neeg - ib tug ob peb genera sib thooj, los ntawm ntau cov kev cai, kev ntseeg, cult los yog hom lus.
• Nationalism - ib tug tshwj xeeb haiv neeg, uas twb tsim dabneeg thiab koom los ntawm ib yam lus, kab lis kev cai, txoj kev ntseeg thiab ntau lub teb chaws.
• Teb chaws - yog lub siab tshaj plaws hauv daim ntawv ntawm haiv neeg lub zej zog, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws, hais lus, kab lis kev cai thiab kev loj hlob ntawm nyiaj txiag ties.

haiv neeg

Ib qho tseem ceeb qhia ntawm cov theem ntawm tsim ntawm kev pawg haiv neeg, tshwj xeeb yog lub teb chaws, yog haiv neeg. Qhov no lub sij hawm yog ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab pawg nyob rau hauv psychology peb xav.

Haiv neeg - ib tug siab ntawm ib tug kev ib tug neeg mus rau ib tug kev haiv neeg, haiv neeg, teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug neeg yuav tsum paub nws oneness nrog lub zej zog thiab to taub txog cov zoo sib txawv los ntawm lwm yam hom neeg thiab pab pawg.

Rau lub tsim ntawm haiv neeg pem yog qho tseem ceeb heev rau kawm cov kev ua ntawm nws cov neeg tej keeb kwm thiab kev cai yam ntxwv, lus dab neeg thiab kev cai uas muab rau nws los ntawm tiam mus rau tiam, ib txhij txhua paub txog lawv cov lus thiab ntaub ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv xaus ...

Yog li, lwm haiv neeg tej pawg - nws yog heev ib qho kev nthuav phenomenon thiab cais kev tshawb fawb chaw. Los ntawm kev kawm ib tug neeg commonality, tsis yog peb kawm txog lawv lub kev cai los yog keeb kwm nta, tab sis kuj mus faus kam rau ua, siab tev taus thiab kev hwm rau lwm hom neeg uas muaj thiab haiv neeg. Thaum kawg, to taub thiab kev hwm rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm lwm haiv neeg ua rau ib tug tseem ceeb yuav txo tau ntawm haiv neeg tsis sib haum, kev tsis sib haum thiab kev tsov kev rog.