Pathogenicity thiab virulence ntawm microorganisms. Virulence - nws ...

Cov tib neeg lub cev yog ib lub tsev mus txog 100 trillionov kab mob. Zaum ntawm hnub no yog tsuas tam sim no mas paub txog yuav ua li cas cov complex cov zej zog sib tham nrog tus neeg. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam tus txheej txheem ntawm kev zom, lub cev thiab tejzaum nws txawm nyob rau lub hlwb zoo. Txawm li cas los, tsis yog txhua txhua tus kab mob yuav coexist nrog tib neeg lub cev nyob rau hauv kev sib haum xeeb thiab sib raug zoo. Nws hu ua pathogenic microorganism uas yuav ua rau tus kab mob nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu los yog kab. Microbes qhia lawv pathogenicity siv virulence. Yog li ntawd, dab tsi yog qhov virulence?

Lub tswvyim ntawm virulence

Virulence - yog ib lub sij hawm los mus piav txog cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm pathogenicity ntawm ib tug microbe. Yog li ntawd, lub determinants ntawm virulence ntawm lub pathogen yog tej ntawm nws caj, biochemical los yog cov yam ntxwv nta uas tso cai rau ua tus kab mob.

Cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus tswv tsev thiab lub pathogen yeej ib txwm dynamic, vim hais tias txhua yuav hloov cov kev ua thiab kev khiav dej num ntawm lub lwm yam. Lub sij hawm ntawm qhov kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv lub virulence ntawm lub pathogen thiab cov txheeb ze degree ntawm kuj los nyhav ntawm tus tswv tsev. Ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm no kuj ua si cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv mechanisms ntawm tus kab mob.

Virulence yam ncaj qha mus txog rau cov khoom uas tso cai rau teeb meem kab mob tau nyob rau hauv los yog nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm tus tswv tsev thiab ua kab mob. Cov no muaj xws kab mob toxins uas ua rau kom cov pathogenicity.

ib qho tseem ceeb cov ntsiab lus

Invasiveness - qhov no insights rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws muaj xws li mechanisms rau tau colonization thiab zus tau tej cov extracellular tshuaj uas ua rau kom cov tseem ntxeem tau thiab circumvent los yog kov yeej tej yam kev tiv thaiv mechanisms.

Toksogennost - muaj peev xwm raws toxins. Cov kab mob yuav ua tau ob hom ntawm toxins: endotoxins thiab exotoxins. Exotoxins tso tawm los ntawm cov kab mob hlwb thiab txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob. Endotoxins yog cell substance.

Kab mob toxins, ob qho tib si soluble thiab cell-txuam, muaj peev xwm yuav thauj los ntawm cov ntshav thiab cov qog cov ntaub so ntswg thiab ua cytotoxic los nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw tej thaj chaw deb ntawm lub thawj zaug point ntawm allergic. Tej yam kab mob toxins yuav kuj tsim tau zos mus koom nyob rau hauv qhov ntxeem tau.

Pathogenicity thiab virulence ntawm kab mob

Pathogenicity - muaj peev xwm ntawm ib tug kab mob ua rau tus kab mob. Qhov no muaj peev xwm yog ib caj tivthaiv ntawm lub pathogen, uas harms rau tus tswv tsev sab. Rau opportunistic pathogens, no muaj peev xwm yuav ua tau kom tus kab mob yog tsis tseem ceeb. Pathogens yuav qhia ib tug ntau yam ntawm virulence.

Virulence - ib lub tswvyim uas yog inextricably txuas nrog lub tswvyim ntawm pathogenicity. Lub degree ntawm virulence ntawm lub pathogen yog feem ntau correlated nrog lub peev xwm los replicate nyob rau hauv lub party thiab tej zaum yuav yog nyob ntawm seb tej yam yam. virulence yam ua rau kom lub pathogenicity, piv txwv li pab ua rau tus kab mob.

pathogens

Muaj coob tus tau hais ntau ntau zaus kos xim rau lub ntau yam kev tshaj tawm los ntawm cov khoom xwm uas hais tias tua 99% ntawm cov kab mob. Pathogen - ib lub sij hawm siv los piav me me kab (cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob), yuav ua tau rau ntau yam kab mob. Nyob rau hauv lub lom terminology, nws kuj yog lub npe hu ua lub causative tus neeg saib xyuas. Muaj ob peb hom ntawm pathogens uas ua rau ntau yam kab mob xws li los ntawm tus mob khaub thuas thiab xaus cancer.

Pathogenic microorganisms cuam tshuam ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, nyob ntawm seb lawv virulence. Virulence - ib lub sij hawm siv los piav txog cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm ib tug pathogen. Qhov ntau virulent yav tau, qhov ntau nws yuav muaj ib tug tsis zoo feem on tib neeg noj qab haus huv.

Yam tseem ceeb ntawm virulence

Virulence yam yog nta pathogens uas txiav txim uas muaj yav virulence. Qhov ntau, ntau dua qhov yuav hais tias nws yuav ua qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob no. Tej yam zoo muab ib tug zoo dua nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam txog nrog rau cov tib neeg tsis muaj zog, thiab qhov ntau, qhov ntau tug lawv yuav ua tau.

Muaj ntau ntau ntau hom kev virulence yam uas tej zaum yuav tam sim no los yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv hauv ib lub yav: cov yam tseem ceeb ntawm colonization, enterotoxins thiab hemolysin. Virulence - yog ib tug ntau zoo losis phem, sawv cev rau cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm tus kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug microorganism. Qhov no feature, uas qhia kev sis raug zoo ntawm ib tug yav thiab ib cov cab kuj. Virulence yog feem ntau correlated nrog lub peev xwm ntawm lub pathogen rau proliferate. Qhov no tej zaum kuj yog nyob ntawm seb cov cab kuj thiab tej yam.

Ib tug kab mob yav feem ntau yog hais txog tej yam kab mob uas muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj mob tus kab mob. Nws muaj peev xwm yuav ua tau kom tus kab mob no yog hu ua pathogens. Lub virulence ntawm lub microorganism yog ncaj qha nyob rau ntawm qhov xwm ntawm tus kab mob thiab yog ib tug qhia ntawm heev ntawm tus kab mob hais tias nws ua rau.