Nta, nta, cov duab, ntau thiab tsawg thiab hom ntawm cov vuas

Niaj hnub nimno ntaub ntawv siv nyob rau hauv lub kho los yog kev tsim kho, muaj ib tug txheej ntawm cov yam ntxwv. Qhov no tso cai rau lawv kom tau raws li cov kev cai thiab cov qauv ntawm cov uas twb muaj lawm cov qauv.

Façade ua hauj lwm vuas yog ib tug nrov daws mus rau qhov teeb meem ntawm kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv. Nws muaj tag nrho cov tsim nyog zoo. Ntau hom ntawm cov vuas siv rau dai kom zoo ntawm chav ua mov, hoob nab, pej xeem vaj tse, facades thiab paths. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis mus tau poob nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm submissions, nws yog tsim nyog los xav txog lawv nyob rau hauv kom meej.

lub sij hawm vuas

Vuas siv nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm tej yam kev mob. Nws muaj peev xwm mas haum hnyav loads. Nyob rau kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob, yam ntawm cov vuas (tus yees duab qhia hauv qab no) yog raws li nram no:

1. Pem teb.
2. Qab nthab.
3. Phab ntsa.
4. Facade.
5. Hniav.
6. Pavement.
7. Xov.

Heev nrov yog tej hub pobzeb niaj hnub no. Qhov no yog vim nws cov khoom. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog siv ob qho tib si sab nraum thiab sab hauv tsev. Nws yuav siv tau rau txojkev ntawm tsawg heev los yog siab kub.

Cov ntau heev operating tej yam kev mob, qhov ntau kim khoom nqi. Yog li ntawd, xaiv cov hom ntawm cov pobzeb koj xav tau los yog xav tias yuav tej yam ntxwv. Rau qhuav thaj chaw nrog rau tej kev nyab xeeb yog tsis muaj yuav tsum tau mus yuav kim ntau ntau yam ntawm cov vuas uas yog resistant rau kev phiv los. Txawm li cas los, tshwj xeeb mounting tej yam kev mob txojkev txheej yuav tsum tau xaiv nrog ib tug tej txheej qualities.

ua vuas

Nyob ntawm seb cov vuas, uas yog hais tom qab duab no yog siv nyob rau hauv lub tsim txoj kev qhov sib txawv cov ntaub ntawv.
Nws yuav ua tau av nplaum, quartz ntawm ntau yam raw cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj cov yas cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj peev xwm tsim loj amenable mus txoj kev ua.

Silica xuab zeb yog ib hom ntawm cov khoom ncej. Niaj hnub nimno hom rings kuj muaj xws li cov carbonates los yog feldspars. Lawv yog cov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom thaum lub sij hawm tua rau noj qhov tsim nyog hardness.

Tom qab nws ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xyaw txoj kev txheej txheem no tshwm sim. Tom ntej no, cov khoom kis ib tug qhuav kauj ruam. Ces nws yog thov mus rau lub glaze thiab raug rho tawm haujlwm nyob rau hauv ib tug kiln ntawm heev kub. Tom qab ntawd tiav lawm khoom uas txheeb, tsuas yog sib yuav.

Ntau ntawm tej hub vuas

Nyob rau hauv lub qhuav technology muaj ntau ntau hom ntawm ceramics. Rau phab ntsa sab hauv tsev yog ua los cov ntaub ntawv uas hu ua biokuttura. Nws muaj enamel.

Monokuttura kuj muaj no pem hauv ntej sab txheej. Tab sis qhov no zoo ntawm hauv ob sab phlu yog kev poob zoo thiab rau cov phab ntsa thiab hauv pem teb.

Monoporosa yog ib raug rho tawm haujlwm vuas. Qhov no technology enables mus ua slabs ntawm loj me me.

Hom ntawm cov vuas uas pleev xim rau thoob plaws hauv cov khoom, hu ua stoneware. Tej iav yuav ua tau opaque, semi-polished, burnished, smaltirovannym.

Cotto yog ib tug hluas tua cov ntaub ntawv uas ua los ntawm liab av nplaum. Clinker yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug compacted puag.

Maiolika ua los ntawm ib tug macroporous khoom. Yog li ntawd tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv qhuav chav. Pem Teb chav siv kottoforte. Earthenware muaj tib lub zog li lub majolica, tab sis yog dawb nyob rau hauv cov xim feedstock. Qhov no yog qhov txwm ntawm cov khoom.

Qhov zoo ntawm cov pobzeb

Suffice nws muaj ntau yam zoo yuav tsum vov tile. Hom thiab thaj chaw ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv uas deserving ntawm loj kev soj ntsuam. Puas xaiv thiab pw tej hub pobzeb no muaj zog heev thiab check. Nws yog yooj yim los mus ntxuav. Qhov no tu khoom.

Ib tug ntau ntawm cov xim tso cai los mus xaiv tus zoo tshaj plaws hom ntawm cladding. Qhov no txheej yog tsis deformed, tsis muaj kev siv hluav taws xob tam sim no. Vuas mas phiv tej yam kev mob.

Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm cov khoom yog tseem environmentally phooj ywg. Nws yooj yim mus pw. Tus nqi ntawm xws li ib liner yog kuj tsis tshua muaj. Qhov no ua rau nws laj mej pej xeem muaj. Nrog rau tag nrho cov qualities no pobzeb yog nrov hnub no.

shortcomings

Tej yam no thiab lub hom ntawm cov vuas ua no hom ntawm kev pab them nqi yog nrov. Txawm li cas los, ib tug xov tooj ntawm drawbacks limiting nws tau.

Ib tug tseem ceeb drawback yog lub siab rigidity ntawm cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsis tau pw ntawm lub gym los yog cov me nyuam lub chav tsev. Qhov no ho tsub kom kev raug mob.

Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum careless tuav zoo nkauj sai sai rau ntawm qhov chaw tawg, tawg. Incorrectly xaiv ntau yam ntawm hauv pem-teb tau xaub.

Ceramics yog ib tug thermally conductive khoom. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub txias rau lub caij, cov khoom no yog heev loses tshav kub. Qhov no sab hauv tsev kev pab them nqi uas pom zoo siv rau cov underfloor cua sov tshuab. Qhov no yog ib qhov khuam uas yuav tsum muab mus rau hauv ib tug zoo dua.

hnav tsis kam

High-zoo phab ntsa vuas yus muaj los ntawm ib tug tej yam txheej zog. Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog lub durability. Muaj 5 chav kawm ntawm qhov ntsuas no. Lawv sawv cev uas sau tias PEI.

Feem ntau cov raug rau puas ntau ntau yam yuav mus rau tus thawj chav kawm ntawv. Zoo suited cov vuas rau lub chav ua noj, txoj kev hauv tsev los yog phab ntsa npog.

Qhov thib ob chav kawm ntawv ntawm cov kev pab yuav pw rau hauv pem teb nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev nyob qhov twg muaj pua. Qhov thib peb hom durability yog tso cai rau yuav siv nyob rau hauv pej xeem cheeb tsam uas muaj me me ntws ntawm cov neeg. Rau lub nrog, stairs los yog tibneeg hu tauj coob pej xeem tej qhov chaw tsim plaub-qib txheej.

Qhov tseem check cov pobzeb yog siv nyob rau hauv railway noj, tshav dav hlau, supermarkets. Nyob rau nws muaj peev xwm mus dawb do rau cov kev pab cuam ti teg taw, tsheb thiab thiaj li nyob. D.

Plam kuj thiab Science News for KIDS

Kev Nyab Xeeb yuav tsum them cov pobzeb zawv zawg yam ntxwv xim. Du ntau ntau yam yog heev dua lwm yam siv rau cov phab ntsa. Txwv tsis pub ib sau kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob loj.

Nyob rau hauv ib tug qhuav chav nyob pem teb npog yuav tsum muaj Corundum txheej. Uas twb muaj lawm hom ntawm cov vuas rau lub lem nyob rau hauv lub pas dej, da, nqais yuav tsum tau muaj ib tug ribbed nto.

Zoo pobzeb yuav tsum tau tsis txhob muab kis rau txhua yam thiab tshuaj yam. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau rau siab saib xyuas ntawm lub txheej kom muaj nws kev coj dawb huv. Txawm zoo tib yam minerals muaj nyob rau hauv cov dej yuav cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub ntawv uas.

tshwj xeeb nta

Pw cov vuas nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm tej yam kev mob, nws yog tsim nyog los noj mus rau hauv tus account seb tus installation ntawm nws cov kev ua tau zoo uas yuav tsum tau. Qhov tshwj xeeb nta xws li dej haum thiab te kuj. Nyob rau hauv tej yam tshwm sim, lawv yuav tsis saib tsis xyuas.

Tab sis oblitsovyvaya sab nraum zoov cov vaj tse, ua luam dej pas dej, cov nuj nqis coj mus rau hauv tus account yog tsim nyog. Hom ntawm cov vuas, uas yog siv rau decorating, piv txwv li, lub pas dej ua ke yuav tsum sib txawv uas tsis muaj dej haum. Qhov no yuav sim haum lub neej ntawm tus kwv.

Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm mounting cov vuas nyob rau sab nraum, koj yuav tsum them sai sai mus rau lub chav kawm ntawv ntawm te. Xws li ib tug txheej yuav mas pheej rov qab ua khov thiab yaj. Chaw tsim tshuaj paus tas qhia zoo xws li cov yam ntxwv nkag khoom, zoo daim ntawv pov.

Loj thiab Calibration

Lub ntev ntau yam ntawm cov khoom no muaj nyob nyob ntawm seb hom ntawm txheej thiab ntau lawm hom kev kawm. Pobzeb hom thiab ntau thiab tsawg uas yog feem ntau pom muaj rau cov muag khoom, tsim nyog ntxaws saib xyuas.

Heev biokottura tsim nrog standard qhov ntev ntawm 20x20, 20x25, 25h33,3 cm. Monokottura feem ntau yus muaj los ntawm qhov ntev ntawm 10x10, 20x20, 30x30 cm. Cotto muaj qhov ntev ntawm 25x25, 30x30, 20x40, 40x60 cm. Qhov no yooj yim ntev.

Caliber vuas yuav txawv los ntawm ib tug ob peb millimeters los ntawm lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus tshaj tawm hais tias tsis. Nws yog feem ntau cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub pobzeb nrog ib tug kub ceev substrate. Yuav kom qhov luaj li cas ntawm tag nrho cov tog sib haum mus rau txhua lwm yam, nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm cov vuas txheeb nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev.

txhua yam khoom

Tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov vuas yog yus muaj los ntawm tej yam txhua yam khoom. Qhov no yuav tsum raug xam tias yog thaum xaiv. Ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab txhua yam khoom yog ib tug tsis kam rau dabtsi yog khoov. Qhov no xam yog qhov tsawg dua, qhov ntau dua cov dej haum. Ntxeem tau txojkev ntaub ntawv muaj tsawg kuj mus dabtsi yog khoov thiab tuab - siab.

Tensile zog kuj yog ib tug cov neeg kho tshuab zoo coatings. Nws qhia tau hais tias yog dab tsi lub siab tshaj plaws load yog tau withstand lub pobzeb. Lub thicker nws yog, ntau dua qhov lub tensile zog. Pem teb yog qho tseem ceeb heev uas lub txheej yuav mas tus luj ntawm tsis tsuas yog tib neeg, tab sis kuj cov rooj tog (tej zaum heev heev).

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm ib tug loj heev yam khoom rau ib tug zoo ruaj vuas tsis tawg thiab tawg.

Pom zoo rau kev xaiv ib tug

Thaum npaj ib tug renovation, tsis txhob tos mus txog txojkev pobzeb xwb nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws cov aesthetic qualities. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho nws yog tsim nyog los noj mus rau hauv tus account lub tej yam kev mob ntawm nws lub lag luam.

Rau ntub chaw nws yog tsim nyog los tau cov ntaub ntawv uas nrog tsawg noo noo haum. Rau txojkev lub qhov txos, cov phab ntsa ze ntawm lub cub ua noj yuav tsum tau muab kev xaiv li cas rau tuab vuas. Tab sis rau qhuav cheeb tsam uas muaj cov ib txwm nyab xeeb yog heev haum yog qhov nyuaj zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas, tus nqi yuav raug me me.

Thaum txhais cov kev specifications ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau kom tuaj tos coloring thiab kev ntxhib los mos. Pobzeb yuav tsum nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nrog cov style ntawm lub chav tsev. Nyob rau hauv me me chav yog zoo dua rau muab kev xaiv li cas rau lighter ntxoov. Lawv visually nthuav qhov chaw.

Qhov kos yog hauv pem teb. Nws yog zoo dua rau muab tso rau qhov tsaus ntuj nti ntawm ntau yam kev pab them nqi. Av yog tsis tshua pom rau ntawm qhov chaw. Kaj vuas kuj yuav tsum tau txhua hnub ntxuav. Thaum lub sij hawm, av yuav txiav txim nrees nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas cov qauv. Ntxuav rau lawv yuav tsis tshua muaj neeg yooj yim. Tsaus pobzeb rau hauv pem teb check ntau lub teeb ntawm nws hom. Practicality thaum xaiv cov khoom plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm.

Thaum pom tias cov views ntawm niaj hnub no uas twb muaj lawm vuas, peb yuav xaus uas nws yog heev tswv yim ntaub ntawv. Nws tsis yog tsis muaj ib co drawbacks. Tab sis nws muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov zoo. Zoo xaiv thiab mounting cov vuas rau txojkev ntau yam chaw muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug ruaj, zoo nkauj txheej. Ib tug ntau ntawm cov xim xaiv, textures thiab nrhiav yuav tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb sab hauv. Yog li ntawd, tej khoom yog li ntawd nrov hnub no.