Nqe lus hais txog lub Lavxias teb sab lus Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv. Luv nqe lus hais txog lub Lavxias teb sab lus

Lavxias teb sab lus belongs rau lub thoob ntiaj teb thiab cov sab saum toj tsib nyob rau hauv tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg hais lus nws. Nws yog ib lub official lus nyob rau hauv Russia, inter-haiv neeg lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub yav tas los Soviet Union, lub UN official. Lub uniqueness ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntsiab lus, cov abundance ntawm stylistic, lus, kev paub qhia lo txhais tau tias thiab lub sij hawm - uas yog ib tug me me feem ntawm cov virtues uas yog pub dhau ib tiam ntawm nws lub neej, lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Cov nqe lus ntawm cov poj sau ntawv, Slavic kab lis kev cai thiab ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv peb cov lus nws (nws belongs rau lub sab hnub tuaj ceg) qhia hais tias thaum lub sij hawm lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no lub zej lub zos xwb amplifies.

Nws yog tsis txaus los mus kawm xwb nes mas hais Ius ntawm nws daim ntawv. Ib tug tiag tiag kev kawm tus neeg yog ib tug uas tau mastered rau lub cai thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sau ntawv hom lus, uas ua hauj lwm nyob txhua lub sij hawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws sau ntawv thiab paj huam los ntawm Russia.

Yuav ua li cas peb muaj - peb tsis txhob cia ...

Tab sis, hmoov tsis, nyob rau tam sim no theem ntawm Lavxias teb sab xeev (ob conversational thiab txawj) lus yuav ua tau rau ntau controversy thiab tau txais ib tug tov kev ntsuam xyuas. Ib txhia ntseeg tias txhua hnub peb yuav tsum siab muaj kev cuam tshuam qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej, thiab yog li ntawd cia tus siv ntawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov nuj nqis (lawv twb yeej ib txwm muaj, tab sis muaj ib ib qho kev ntsuas), cov tub ntxhais hluas ua dog ua dig thiab jargon, tsim, thiab txawm foul lus. Lwm tus, feem ntau yog cov neeg uas muaj philological kev kawm ntawv, twb muaj kev txhawj xeeb nrog lub fact tias lub hnub nyoog-qub kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg (nco ntsoov tus heev heev cov nqe lus ntawm koj sau ntawv ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab lus) tej zaum yuav tsum ua li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej. Thiab qhov no yog to taub. Heev feem ntau, ib tug TV screen los yog ib tug siab kev nom kev tswv platform (piv txwv tias yog tias muaj yog kawm ntawv cov neeg) peb hnov tus hais lus nrog ib tug ntau ntawm grammatical kom raug thiab orthoepic, pom txawm mus rau lub zoo tib yam tus menyuam kawm ntawv. Tab sis tsis ntev los no profession hais lus los yog hais lus yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb kev cob qhia, thiab kev kawm ntawv nws tus kheej yog ib tug qauv ntawm competent hais lus rau txhua tus pej xeem ntawm cov loj heev lub teb chaws.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov ua rau thiab xws li ib tug sai kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus, adversely cuam tshuam rau nws cov txheej xwm ntawm phenomena?

Hais lus kom zoo - tsis fashionable

Nws yog tu siab suab, tab sis nws yeej muaj tseeb. Mloog feem ntau yog ntau attracted rau lub interlocutor tus muaj peev xwm los qhia tawm zoo nkauj mot, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txawv teb chaws sawv daws yuav. Nws tsis, nws yog tsim nyog hais tias nws yog siv (nws yog tsim nyog los hais ib co lus V. Belinsky, uas sau hais tias cov kev siv ntawm txawv teb chaws lus, es tsis txhob ntawm uas twb muaj lawm Lavxias teb sab yuav ntaus nqi raws li ib qho kev thuam mus rau "txiav txim siab zoo thiab saj ...") thiab seb nws cov ntsiab lus yog distorted. Feem ntau muaj nuj nqis nyob rau hauv lub zej zog thiab lub peev xwm mus rau sawv tawm los ntawm cov neeg coob coob, txawm yog hais tias nws qhia tau ib tug ua tiav ignorance los yog disregard ntawm txais cai ntawm tus ciam. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, kuv nco qab tsis muaj ib nqe lus hais txog lub Lavxias teb sab lus Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv. Piv txwv li, hais tias ib co yuav ua li cas nrog cov lus - txhais tau hais tias xav thiab kuj ib yam dab tsi zoo li (Tolstoy). Chekhov, pheej xav txog tej yeeb yam zoo ntawm lub ntse txiv neej, muab sau tias hais lus mob "yuav tsum raug xam tias yog li indecent li tsis yuav tsum tau nyeem thiab sau ntawv," rau nws. Zoo paub thiab nco ntsoov tias peb cov politicians, kev cai cov nuj nqis, TV thiab xov tooj cua neeg ua hauj lwm kev npaj rau ib tug txawv hom ntawm kev hais lus.

Savings ntawm cov lo lus - ib tug kos npe rau ntawm fast-ntws lub sij hawm

Lwm yam tsis zoo tshwm sim uas ua rau yus lub impoverishment ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus - active siv nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub ntawm cov xov tooj txawb thiab hauv Internet. Rau tag nrho lawv cov hauj lwm zoo, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias niaj hnub tib neeg tau zoo ceased mus nyeem thiab sau ntawv. Nyob rau hauv qhov maj luv luv SMS tau ua lub ntsiab txhais tau tias kev sib txuas lus tsis yog tsuas yog cov hluas thiab cov neeg hluas, tab sis kuj cov neeg uas yog cov laus. Tab sis twb muaj rau centuries cov tsoos cov tsiaj ntawv thiab tag nrho tej yam uas yav tag los - lawv hloov los ntawm e-mails, feem ntau yog muaj ib tug ob peb luv luv nqe lus, nrawm nroos dai kom zoo nkauj. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, ntawm chav kawm, ib tug zoo tshaj plaws uas niaj hnub tiam yog kawm concisely qhia lawv cov kev xav thiab flexibly li cas rau dab tsi tshwm sim. Tom qab tag nrho, txawm Nekrasov hu ua hais li ntawd, "hais tias kom tau nyob ze, thiab xav - khab seeb." Nov yog zoo li ib tug luv luv daim ntawv qhia rau lub Lavxias teb sab lus thiab cov kev pab cuam ntawm cos hais lus yog feem ntau coj lus. Cov ua ib tug manifestation ntawm lub brevity cov kev txwv kev xav, tsis muaj cov lo lus, es ib tug ntse lub siab.

Lub hwj huam loj ntawm artistic qhia

Qhov no tam sim no tiam ntawm qhov teeb meem, raws li sau tseg saum toj no, yog hais tias nws tau zoo ceased mus nyeem. Classical tej hauj lwm, uas ib tug ob peb xyoo dhau los, rov nyeem avidly thiab ob peb lub sij hawm hnub no rau ntau tus menyuam kawm ntawv - thiab tsis xwb! - tig mus rau overwork. Yuav ua li cas yog tiag tiag muaj txaus siab rau lub zoo kawg li paj huam ntawm Pushkin, Lermontov, BLOK, Yesenin, Tsvetayeva ... los yog txoj nrog rau lub heroes ntawm Gogol, Turgenev, Tolstoy, Bunin, Chekhov, Bulgakov ... Niaj hnub no tau kov yeej lawv txoj kev - ib tug twb tau kev vam meej. Meanwhile, quotes thiab sayings txog Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv muaj tseeb nrog qhov ntev paub rau tag nrho cov kev xav, kev nyeem ntawv zoo tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab yuav pab tau kawm yuav ua li cas mus hais lus beautifully thiab kom raug, concisely thiab meej qhia lawv cov kev xav. Piv txwv li, M. Lomonosov nyob rau hauv vim lub sij hawm rau hauv phau ntawv yog suav tias yog ib qhov chaw ntawm "kev zoo nkauj, majesty, lub hwj chim thiab richness ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus." Descartes kuj hu ua nyeem ntawv zoo phau ntawv "Tham nrog lub zoo tshaj plaws cov neeg ntawm lub sij hawm ploj mus los ntawm ...". Thiab tsuas yog cov uas muaj siab muaj peev xwm txaus siab rau cov lus ntawm kos duab, yuav qhib tau lub ntsiab tseeb ntawm cov lus K.Paustovsky: "Ib tug ntau ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus radiate paj huam ...".

Yeej pop thiab tabloids

Yuav ua li cas tau txais nyob rau hauv rov qab los ntawm classic ntaub ntawv cov tub ntxhais hluas uas tag kis yuav sawv cev rau peb lub teb chaws thiab tswj nws? Feem ntau luv luv, tab sis nco "Musi-pusi" thiab "npuaj cov plaub muag" nyob rau hauv meaningless pop zaj nkauj nrog zoo suab paj nruag. Los yog kev txom peremyvaniya cov pob txha thiab txheej thaum ub kawm nyob rau hauv uas tsis muaj-brow ntawv: tabloid, tabloid detective zaj dab neeg thiab novels txog kev hlub. Thiab leej twg yog twb nyob ntawm no yuav nco qab cov nqe lus ntawm cov poj sau ntawv ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab lus, uas nws hu ua ib tug "saj zawg zog, lush, inexhaustibly nplua nuj, txawj ntse, poetic ntsuas" (Tolstoy), pab nyob rau hauv lub neej, los yog "precious tshaj plaws nws tus kheej," nyob rau hauv uas "tag nrho cov grainy , loj, pearls nws tus kheej "(Nikolai Gogol).

Hlub ntawm lub teb chaws yuav pib nrog txoj kev hlub ntawm cov lus

Tej no yog noj rov qab mus rau ib tug tseem ceeb thought. Txhua tus neeg yuav tsum yeej ib txwm nco ntsoov ib tshaj plaws: tsis muaj ib tug paub zoo txog ntawm lub hom lus yuav tsis muaj ib tug patriot, uas yog paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm ib tug luv luv nqe lus hais txog lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Lub teb chaws lus - ib tug "keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg, txoj kev ntawm kev vam meej thiab kab lis kev cai" (Kuprin), "lub lees txim ntawm cov neeg, tus ntsuj plig thiab yog txoj sia ..." (P. Vyazemsky). Yog vim li cas ntau heev nrog rau cov documentary qhov chaw rau tag nrho cov kev nkag siab ntawm lub dab noj qhov chaw thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub teb chaws, tau ntsib nrog rau cov tej hauj lwm ntawm lus dab neeg (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog paj lug, zaj nkauj, epics), masterpieces ntawm classical ntaub ntawv, kawm cov ntsiab lus.

Summing li, kuv xav kom nws kos xim rau lub zoo-paub lus N. Karamzin hais tias koj yuav tsis hu koj tus kheej ib tug patriot tsis muaj kev hlub rau leej niam tus nplaig.

Muab nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no

Lub indifference ntawm ntau cov neeg kom nyias muaj nyias hais lus yog tshwj xeeb yog disappointing tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Vocabulary ntawm lub merits ntawm peb cov qauv sau ntawv txawv teb chaws. Piv txwv li, qhov zoo tshaj plaws daim ntawv ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab lus txawv teb chaws cov thawj coj hais txog nws superiority tshaj lwm yam paub hom lus. Lub richest ntawm tag nrho cov "European dialects", "lus paj huam" hu ua nws ib tug Fabkis txawj sau ntawv P. Merimee, "zoo nkauj", "lub feem ntau haib thiab nplua nuj hom lus nyob" - Engels. Nws yog tsim nyog no thiab cov nqe lus ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv. Thoob ntiaj teb paub thiab superiority ntawm Lavxias teb sab qauv sau ntawv ua kev zoo siab paj huam M. Lomonosov M. Derzhavin. Raws li cov tib Dostoevsky, tsuas mastered rau lub tag nrho cov haiv neeg hom lus, koj yuav kawm tau ib tug txawv teb chaws lus. Yog zoo thiab tus saib ntawm Leo Tolstoy, uas muaj txig Fabkis. Nws txais hais tias lub xeem pass xwb los "qhia tawm", tab sis lub siab mus rau lub plawv yuav hais lus xwb nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab.

"Cov Lavxias teb sab lus - ib qho ntawm lub richest lus nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ..."

Nws sau tau ntau tshaj ib tug xyoo dhau los Belinsky. Ua tib zoo nyeem cov nqe lus ntawm cov poj Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv ntawm cov lus, yuav ua tau maj taub cov kev cai zoo meej hais lus, nws tau ua raws li twb tau sau tseg, cov tsis tshua muaj heev hnub no. "Yog tsis muaj suab nrov, xim, dluab thiab kev xav, uas tsis tau pom lub caij nyoog qhia", - hais tias K. Paustovsky. Thiab Chekhov, sim kom txuag tau nws lub contemporaries thiab xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv los ntawm ntau sophistication nyob rau hauv cov lus, ceeb toom: "Cov lus yuav tsum muaj tej yam yooj yim thiab elegant." Ces, nyob rau hauv lub peev xwm ob txhais tes ntawm nws, nws xav tias A.Kuprin, yuav tsum tau "zoo nkauj, melodious, kev paub qhia lo, saj zawg zog, mloog lus, ntse thiab dav," thiab, raws li K.Paustovsky, nrog nws koj yuav tau "ua hauj lwm xav".

Sau nrog kev hlub thiab kev hwm, thiab txhua txhua kev qhia ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus.

"Qhov zoo, cov muaj hwj chim, muaj tseeb tiag thiab dawb ..."

Tej epithets muab leej niam tus nplaig I. S. Turgenev, sau cov paj huam nyob rau hauv prose, paub, tej zaum, mus rau txhua txhua tus pej xeem ntawm lub teb chaws. Nws pom cov txawj sau ntawv "kev pab txhawb nqa thiab kev pab", uas yuav tsum tau nyob deb deb ntawm lub tsev. Lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog imbued nrog tsis kawg txoj kev hlub rau lub ntsiab cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm cov neeg uas yuav pab tau objectively soj ntsuam dab tsi tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Muaj zoo xws li cov kev xav Ivan S. thiab kev hwm rau lub Lavxias teb sab neeg - lub zoo nruab nrab ntawm cov lus. Cov ob ntsiab lus yog inseparable nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm tus kws, ua rawsli los ntawm ib tug luv luv daim ntawv qhia rau lub Lavxias teb sab lus: "Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom ntseeg tau hais tias xws li lus twb tsis muab ib tug zoo lub teb chaws."

"Niam tus nplaig"

Tag nrho ntawm contradictions, sublime thiab dog dig tragic paj huam symbolist Bryusov. Poet qhia tau meej heev nyob rau hauv nws confessions hais tias cov lus yog rau nws tus embodiment ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws tau ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab neeg. Nws muab siab tis, txuag nyob rau hauv lub "moos impotence," sinking mus rau hauv lub paub tsis meej ntawm tus coj txawv txawv suab. Txawm li cas los, lub Lavxias teb sab lus rau lub kws sau paj lug tsis yog ib tug "muaj tseeb tus phooj ywg", tiam sis tseem "ib insidious yeeb ncuab," "tus huab tais", uas muab tso rau nws shackles thiab tsis cia mus. Vim hais tias Bruce rightfully xav rau nws tus kheej ntawm tag nrho nws cov wealth los ntawm qub txeeg qub teg. Zoo li cov nqe lus hais txog lub Lavxias teb sab lus Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab paj huam los ua pov thawj lawv tshwj xeeb lub hom phiaj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb: kom khaws cia rau hauv lub cog lus zoo heev muab rau cov neeg, thiab muab nws rau lawv cov xeeb ntxwv. "Koj ntiaj teb no - mus ib txhis kuv abode" - thim ib txoj kab nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej xav Bryusov, txiav txim qhov chaw ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus nyob rau hauv lawv lub neej.

Los ntawm K. Balmont

Dej thiab steppe tshav puam lawm ua tus sau nrog qw dav dawb hau thiab hma roar, Neeb pilgrimage thiab tsawg dua nquab, murmuring ib tug tseem ceeb thiab ib tug caij nplooj ntoos hlav beam, nws pom lub Lavxias teb sab lus nyob rau hauv tib zaj paj huam. Lo lus Wizard yuav pab kom cov kws sau paj lug rau piav qhia txog lub cim kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub teb chaws, mus qhia txoj kev hlub rau cov txiv tsev, thiab Russia, uas nws tau yuam kom khiav tawm mus ib txhis.

Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm quotes tus poj hais tias ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus nyob rau hauv ntau cov lus lwm ua hauj lwm los ntawm K. Balmont - «Lavxias teb sab lus: Yuav raws li ib lub hauv paus kom muaj tswv yim." Nyob rau hauv nws lub kws sau paj lug hu cov haiv neeg lus ntawm "yeej muaj tseeb, primordial, ntshiab, zoo heev," ib feem ntawm "ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab mascots" kuj zoo kawg Russia. Nws yog txaus rau kov cov Lavxias teb sab lus, thiab nws yuav pab splendid daim duab, paub txhua leej txhua tus txij li thaum yau. Thiab lub thov Vajtswv ntawm lub suab rau Balmont nto moo kab thiab longing nyob rau hauv exile Turgenev.

"Muaj peev xwm,"

Lwm zoo paj huam belongs rau Anna Akhmatova, nws sau nyob rau hauv 1941 nyob rau hauv besieged Leningrad. Akhmatova hais lus nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau nyuaj lub sij hawm rau lub teb chaws ntawm ib tug tag nrho tiam ntsej muag, uas defended lub teb chaws thiab lub ntsiab rau lub teb chaws wealth: "... peb yuav khaws cia rau koj, Lavxias teb sab kev hais lus ...." Qhov no yog nws thawj ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug kws sau paj lug thiab kev ua neeg, muaj peev xwm ntawm "Great Lavxias teb sab lo lus" txhawb thiab kev pab txhawb nqa ntawm compatriots. Thiab zoo li cov lus cog tseg suab kab kawg ntawm cov paj huam: "free thiab meej ... koj swept los ntawm kev ua qhev mus ib txhis."

Tseeb, xws nqe lus ntawm Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab lus, tus zoo nkauj paj huam ntawm nws lub hwj chim thiab lub zog tsis yog los pab txhawb cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau nyuaj tshaj plaws rau nws thiab rau lub teb chaws.

Summing li

Undoubtedly, lub Lavxias teb sab kev sau ntawv hom lus ntawm lub golden nyiaj ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Thiab tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab pleev xim rau nws yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub txhab nyiaj ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv. Thiab mus rau txhua txhua kev qhia ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv, paj huam thiab lwm yam nyuab tom qab xyoo lawm thiab centuries tau imbued nrog tib txaus siab nyob rau hauv lub fact tias lawv yog haiv neeg hais lus, txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv Nws lub hwj chim, peb yuav tsum muaj hais tias muab rau peb raws li ib tug legacy.