"Mudyug" (Icebreaker). Diesel-fais Icebreaker "Mudyug"

Lavxias teb sab nqaum kab raws Arctic hiav txwv yog zoo li ntawd uas lub teb chaws yuav tsum tau ib tug fleet ntawm icebreakers. Tab sis icebreakers yog ua hauj lwm tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub North. Lawv tuav lub tsev hais plaub tag nrho cov xyoo puag ncig, thiab kev soj ntsuam xyuas seas thiab cov niam dej.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Icebreaker fleet

Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb hav dej ntawm Russia tau ntev siv dej khov-breaking tej nkoj nquam. Tus thawj nkoj Icebreaker ua tau nyob rau hauv Kronstadt nyob rau hauv 1864, thiab twb nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm XIX xyoo pua tau officially tsim Icebreaker fleet. Lub npe nrov Icebreaker "Ermak", lub tswv yim ntawm cov uas tau koom rau Vice-Admiral S. O. Makarovu thiab tus naas ej tus paub txog D. I. Mendeleevu, yog founded rau cov kawm lus Askiv shipyard nyob rau hauv 1897.

Ministry ntawm cov rog ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws nyob rau hauv 1913, tshaj tawm ib kev sib tw rau qhov kev siv ntawm kaum ob linear thiab chaw nres nkoj icebreakers. Lub ntiaj teb no tus thawj kab Icebreaker "Svyatogor" ua tau nyob rau hauv 1917 los ntawm "Sir Armstrong thiab K °" peb tes num S. O. Makarova. Tom qab ntawd, nws twb renamed thiab pib nqa lub npe "Krasin".

Tus thawj Soviet icebreakers tau ua nyob domestic Shipyards nyob rau hauv 1938-1941 xyoo. Ice Fleet ntawm lub Soviet Union muaj lub domestic tsev hais plaub, lub British, German, Danish, Finnish thiab Canadian siv.

Lub Soviet Icebreaker fleet Iwj nrog lub ntiaj teb no tus thawj nuclear-powered Icebreaker "Lenin" nyob rau hauv 1959, ua tau rau lub Admiralty shipyard.

Diesel icebreakers rau lub Soviet rog ua nyob rau hauv lub Shipyards nyob rau hauv Finland. Nws yog haib thiab ships ntaus "Moscow" thiab icebreakers ntaus ntawv "Tus tauj ncov loj Sorokin" muaj peev xwm 16.2 MW tsim rau navigating ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub Arctic dej ntws thiab cov cheeb tsam nrog ntiav depths ntawm kub ntawm -50 ° C, thiab icebreakers ntawm hom "Mudyug". By kawg ntawm lub Soviet keeb kwm ntawm domestic icebreaking fleet muaj 36 cov hlab ntsha.

Mudyug kob

Nyob rau hauv lub dawb Hiav txwv nyob ze ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus Northern Dvina dej yog ib kob ntawm kuj zoo kawg tej kev zoo nkauj uas attracts tourists thiab cov kev zoo nkauj, huv si huab cua thiab lub hiav txwv, thiab txaus ntshai keeb kwm. Mudyug rau Arkhangelsk muaj ib tug xaiv yaam tseem ceeb, yog tib yam li cov Kronstadt rau St. Petersburg.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub ntiaj teb ua ntej tsov rog thiab thaum pib ntawm lub Civil War muaj ib tug concentration camp uas tsim los ntawm lub invaders-of-tsov ua rog, uas tom qab ua exiled convict tsev lojcuj. Nyob rau hauv lub camp, thiab ces mus rau lub tsev rau txim twb tsis tub kom zoo tej yam kev mob, qhov chaw uas ob peb dim, yog li Mudyug hu ua "cov kob ntawm txoj kev tuag."

Tam sim no cov kob yog lub keeb kwm thiab cov xwm zeem cia, uas muaj xws li qhov seem ntawm camps thiab cov tsev loj cuj, ua lub teeb lighthouse nyob rau hauv 1875 thiab cov lighthouse ua tau nyob rau hauv 1938.

Monument rau cov neeg raug ntawm cov kev pab tau tsim muaj nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm cov neeg tua nyob rau cov kob nyob rau hauv 1928, thawj zaug nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb thiab xis mas, thiab nyob rau hauv 1958 nws twb hloov los ntawm granite.
Lub npe ntawm cov kob yog hu ua lub nkoj. "Mudyug" - ib tug diesel-hluav taws xob Icebreaker peev xwm ntawm 7 MW, ua nyob rau hauv 1982.

Icebreaker "Mudyug"

Neeg txhais lus ntawm no lub npe nrog tus Finno-Ugric - "meandering dej". Lub npe, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, raws li qhov tam sim no lub lag luam ntawm lub koom haum pab Icebreaker.

Nws ua tau nyob rau hauv 1982 nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov Finnish shipyard "Wärtsilä" (Finnish icebreakers tawg ice thaum lub sij hawm icebreaking fleet ntawm lub ntiaj teb no), raws li zoo raws li ob tug lwm icebreakers - "Dixon" thiab "Magadan" - tom qab nws. Nws pib nws cov hauj lwm raws li ib tug "Mudyug" mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Murmansk Shipping tuam txhab, ces twb pauv mus rau Arkhangelsk. Nyob rau hauv 1987, "Mudyug" twb remade los ntawm lub Swiss project. Lub pem hauv ntej ib nrab ntawm cov Icebreaker twb tag rebuilt, thiab tam sim no nws lub qhov ntswg tsa ib tug giant overshoe ntau thiab tsawg pab. nkoj tank ua heev khab seeb, tab sis qub agility thiab ib tug tshiab lub qhov ntswg, uas yog Ameslikas tsim rau nyias dej khov pas dej nyob rau hauv Switzerland, ua tsis tau tejyam mus ua txhaum lub tuab ice ntawm lub Arctic. Thiab lub koom haum pab Icebreaker twb pauv mus rau St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv lub North-West ceg ntawm Rosmorport.

Tam sim no nws txiav tus hluas cov dej khov ntawm cov fairway nyob rau hauv lub Neva Bay, thiab lub sawb ntawm dej huv tom qab nws rau pilotage yog dav thiab tiaj tus.

nta Icebreaker

Tswv ntawm koom haum pab Icebreaker "Mudyug" yog lub North-West Phiab Ncau ceg ntawm FSUE "Rosmorport", ntaus nqi nws mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm St. Petersburg. "Rosmorport" tsev hais plaub kom muaj kev nyab xeeb navigation nyob rau hauv qhov dej ntawm tus Lavxias teb sab ports rau lub hiav txwv Baltic thiab nyob rau hauv le caag rau nws.

Icebreaker nrog ib tug muaj peev xwm ntawm 7.3 MW stroke muaj ceev nyob rau hauv qhib dej ntawm 16.5 pob caus ntawd. Nws ntev yog 111,6 meters, dav - 22,2 meters, cua ntsawj ntshab - 6.8 meters, qhov siab - 38 meters. Tag nrho cov xaav Icebreaker - 8,154 txhiab tons, ice-them - 115 centimeters.

Ice passability - lub peev xwm ntawm lub Icebreaker yuav tawm mus nyob puv cav fais fab nyob rau hauv cov khoom dej khov, nws qhia tau hais tias cov dej khov ntawm cov hlab thiab ntsuas lub siab tshaj plaws thickness ntawm cov dej khov, nyob rau hauv uas cov hlab yuav ua tau tsis tu ncua tsiv mus nyob ib yam tsawg kawg nkaus ceev.

Raws li cov "Rosmorport" Icebreaker "Mudyug" nees nkaum-tsib hnub yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv autonomous navigation, thiab nws cheeb tsam ntawm pas dej nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv Baltic yog tsis tas.

lub sij hawm Icebreaker

Koom haum pab Icebreaker "Mudyug" tsim rau neeg sab nraud icebreaking loj hlab ntsha, piv txwv li tso channel dej huv, dej khov-free. Txij li thaum caravan ntev nyob rau hauv lub dej huv channel ntev ntawm Icebreaker, "Mudyug" caravans yuav nqa los ntawm ob peb cov hlab ntsha. Nws tseem yuav cab ib tug rau tus kheej-propelled cov hlab ntsha thiab floating lug tsis tsuas yog nyob rau cov dej khov, tab sis kuj cov dej huv. Cov tseem ntawm "Icebreaker", uas muaj ib tug ca channel, tso cai rau nws mus cab lub nkoj nyob rau hauv ib tug ntev cab.

Nws cov khoom tso cai rau tua hluav taws kub rau tag nrho cov nroj tsuag, tsis tsuas yog nyob rau floating khoom, thiab ua hauj lwm los muab kev pab rau cov hlab ntsha uas yog nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab, thiab nyob rau hauv cov dej khov, thiab qhib dej.

Xyaum ua tej yam nyob rau Modernization ntawm cov dej khov-breaker

Chiv, ice-them solved los ntawm kev ua tus luj ntawm lub nkoj thiab lub peev xwm ntawm nws lub hwj chim nroj tsuag. Tab sis nws muab tawm hais tias ib tug variant nyob rau hauv uas cov dej khov yog txiav ntawm ib yam lub, tsis gags, raws li nws yog zoo dua. Nyob rau hauv no tshwj xeeb hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hull daim ntawv tso cai rau koj mus nias rau lub sab ntawm lub nkoj txiav cov dej khov nyob rau hauv cov dej khov array, tawm hauv qab cov Icebreaker huv sawb ntawm dej, es thooj ntawm cov dej khov, uas tsis yog txhua lub nkoj yuav kis tau.

West German lub tuam txhab "Thyssen-Waas 'xa mus rau lub kev vam meej kev ntawm lub Modernization ntawm cov dej khov-breaker" Maks Valdek "thiab" Mudyug "tau txais mus rau rework. Elongated lub qhov ntswg feem thiab tsaug muab zais rau hauv nws npub ib feem ntawm lub thauj tog rau nkoj hawse kav thiab muab sawv wags hu rau Icebreaker "galosh" los yog "qhov ntswg".

Txij li thaum lub hiav txwv kev nyuaj siab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, dej khov nyob rau hauv lub Franz Josef cheeb tsam ntawm lub ntiaj teb yog tsis heev tuab, thiab cov kev ntsuam xyuas muab fee tau. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim pilotage surfaced yav tas los tsis yog tsis xws luag. Astern ice tawg tawm ntawm tag nrho cov tsis, thiab nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej nws twb jammed nrog dej khov. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub glaciologists pom tau hais tias multi-xyoo ice nrog hummocks txiav tsis yooj yim sua, raws li txwv mus rau ib tug ib-xyoo, uas txiav mus rau "Mudyug" kev ntsuam xyuas. Icebreaker nws thiaj li pauv mus rau lub hiav txwv Baltic.

festivals icebreakers

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Tej zaum 2014 nyob icebreakers Success. Nws twb muaj nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, nws yog tus thawj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no thiab yog muaj nplooj siab mus rau lub sesquicentennial ntawm lub Icebreaker fleet ntawm Russia. Petersburg coj hits icebreakers. Tsuas yog thawj hnub ntawm lub Success yog xyuas los ntawm ntau tshaj li kaum txhiab tus neeg. Lub npe nrov Arctic Icebreaker "Krasin" nrog ib tug nplua nuj thiab heroic keeb kwm; Chaw nres nkoj Icebreaker «Ivan Kruzenshtern", muaj npe tom qab tus poj traveler tus thawj coj rau tub rog ntawm hiav txwv YOG Kruzenshtern; ib yam ntawm rau icebreakers, muaj npe tom qab tus naas ej Soviet captains "Tus tauj ncov loj Zarubin"; Niaj hnub nimno icebreakers nrog cawm cov khoom rau hluav taws kub extinguishing nyob rau hauv lub qhib hiav txwv thiab lub sib ntaus tawm tsam cov roj nchuav rau "Moscow" thiab "St. Petersburg" - nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug zoo kawg nkaus qhov chaw yog tsim nyog ntawm ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm "Mudyug" Icebreaker rau pilotage nyob rau hauv lub khov seas.

Qhov thib ob lub sij hawm lub Success twb muaj nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 2015. Nws twb rau rau siab ua nws seventieth yeej thiab siv koom Ncov qaumteb qabteb convoys thaum lub sij hawm ob ntiaj teb rog. Ib zaug ntxiv, St. Petersburg tuav ib parade ntawm icebreakers. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus dhau xyoo tuaj koom, Icebreaker "Krasin", "Ivan Kruzenshtern", "Mudyug" thiab "Moscow", nyob rau hauv koom lub Festival "Nevskaya Zastava" thiab "Tus tauj ncov loj Sorokin."

Yav tom ntej Lavxias teb sab Icebreaker fleet

Tam sim no tsim ib lub xeev qhov kev pab cuam tsim ib tug tshiab icebreaking fleet ntawm Russia, vim feem ntau uas twb muaj lawm ships yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv tawm.

Nrog yuav tau ua diesel-hluav taws xob icebreakers: kab mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Arctic, lub hwj huam rau lub shafts rau hauv uas - 25 MW; Kab rau khov seas peev xwm ntawm 16-18 MW; pab nrog peev xwm ntawm 7 MW, zoo li Icebreaker "Mudyug".

Class Icebreaker Lk-25D tau, hloov lub Icebreaker "Krasin" thiab "Admiral Makarov", muab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov navigation thiab tus me nyuam ntawm cargoes ntawm ships nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj, thiab tag nrho cov xyoo puag ncig - nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob Arctic cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv Yenisei.

Icebreakers hom Lk-18D, uas yog npaj los hloov cov hlab ntsha ntawm "Tus tauj ncov loj Sorokin," yuav muab tsis tau tsuas yog kev thauj mus los nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj Arctic thiab cov Far East, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv tshiab pheej chaw nyob rau hauv lub Far East phiab.
Icebreakers ntaus Lk-7D tuaj tsis tau tsuas yog los hloov cov koom haum pab diesel-hluav taws xob ships xws li "Mudyug".

tshiab tiam Icebreaker yog yuav tsum tau rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshiab cov lus qhia ntawm cov tsheb nyob rau hauv lub Far East thiab lub Arctic, thiab muab kev pab tshiab ports thiab terminals.