Mikhail Kovalchuk: biography thiab scientific kev ua si

Lavxias teb sab physicist Mikhail Kovalchuk yug nyob rau hauv Leningrad, Cuaj hlis 21, 1946 nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm zaum-historians. Thaum ntau lub sij hawm (thiab feem ntau tib yam tshaj plaws) yog tus thawj coj ntawm ob peb ua kev tshawb fawb institutes, xws li lub koom haum ntawm Crystallography thiab tus naas ej Kurchatov, ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib ntawm lub fund "Skolkovo", ua scientific thiab nrov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv TV thiab scientific secretary ntawm lub Council on kev kawm ntawv, science thiab technology nyob rau hauv lub Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws twb muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau ntawm cov mob ntxiv, uas yuav tsum tau piav no raws li tus hero ntawm no tsab xov xwm no rau Kovalchuk Mihail Valentinovich.

tsev neeg

Cov txiv ntawm ib tug muaj koob physicist Valentin, paub txog, historian, tshawb nyob rau hauv Leningrad ceg ntawm lub USSR Academy ntawm Sciences, nws ua hauj lwm nyob hauv lub koom haum ntawm keeb kwm thiab yog ib tug kws nyob rau hauv lub siege ntawm Leningrad raws li ib tug survivor ntawm tag nrho cov ntawm nws kev nyuaj siab. Nws nyob cuaj caum-xya xyoo, tuag nyob rau hauv 2013. Niam qhia keeb kwm nyob rau LSU.

Mikhail Kovalchuk - cov laus tus kwv tij ntawm billionaire Yuri Kovalchuk, tus tswj ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib ntawm directors ntawm lub bank "Russia", txuam nrog ntau loj ua lag ua luam khoom vaj khoom tsev. Yuri Kovalchuk yog paub tias zoo li ib tug nyob ze cov phooj ywg ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Federation, thiab tus tub ntawm ib tug billionaire Boris taws lub Department of feem tej yaam num nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab tsoom fwv, thiab tam sim no mejyig lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib ntawm JSC "Inter RAO UES".

Tus poj niam thiab tus tub

Keeb kwm kev koom tes thiab tus poj niam ntawm qhov nrov physics, nws yog ib cov kws nyob rau hauv Ireland thiab yog tus ntxhais ntawm tsis muaj tsawg nto moo historian Yuri Polyakov, Academician. Tub Mikhail Kovalchuk los ua tus tswj ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib ntawm directors ntawm ib tug loj xov xwm tuav - "National Media Group", uas yog tswv shares nyob rau hauv thawj thiab thib tsib raws "CTC Media", "PUAS MUAJ CUAB KAV-TV" nyob rau hauv lub "Xov xwm" thiab ntau lwm yam tawm.

Lub npe Kirill Kovalchuk flashed nyob rau hauv xovxwm txog cov scandal nrog lub reconstruction ntawm lub tsev Bolkonskis nyob rau hauv lub nroog qhov chaw. Nws yog ib heev tau hais tias Mihail Andreevich Kovalchuk tau txais kev pab nyob rau hauv Spassk-Far, tab sis nws tsev neeg kev sib raug zoo tsis pom nrog rau cov hero ntawm no tsab xov xwm.

Kawm

Tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo nyob rau hauv xyoo 1970, Physics Department of Leningrad State University thiab brilliantly defended nws diploma ntawm lub koom haum ntawm semiconductors, Academy ntawm Sciences ntawm lub USSR, cov ntsiab lus ntawm uas yog txoj kev tshawb no ntawm X-rays, dynamically tawg nyob rau hauv zoo meej muaju, Mikhail Kovalchuk tsis nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim kawm tiav lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab faib nyob rau hauv Moscow trainee-soj ntsuam ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Crystallography Shubnikov USSR Academy ntawm Sciences.

Peb xyoos tom qab, nws raug coj mus rau hauv lub xeev. Nyob rau hauv 1978, Mikhail Kovalchuk, uas nws biography yog tsis tshua muaj nplua nuj nyob rau hauv scientific cov txheej xwm, los ua ib tug PhD, ib tug tswv yim sib cav nyob rau hauv tib cheeb tsam thiab zoo ib yam li cov tswv yim sib cav lub npe.

Ph.D.

Cuaj xyoos tom qab, Mikhail Kovalchuk tau lub taub hau ntawm lub X-ray optics thiab synchrotron tawg laboratory. Thiab kaum xyoo tom qab ntawd - tshaj kev tiv thaiv, lub tswv yim sib cav yog tam sim no npaj los ntawm nrhiav ib tug scientific degree ntawm cov theem tom ntej - tus kws kho mob ntawm lub cev thiab xaam sciences.

Thaum tiv thaiv muaj hnyav tw, uas ntseeg tau hais tias cov kev tshwm sim hais dissertator, benign txaus: lawv yog tog twg los tsis ncaj ncees lawm, los yog plagiarized. Cuaj kaum nws muaj kev tswj kom sib ntaus sib tua rov qab, thiab Mikhail Kovalchuk ntse defended.

Director thiab cov xibfwb

Nyob rau hauv 1998, Mikhail Kovalchuk los ua ib tug xib fwb thiab cov thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Crystallography, qhov uas nws tuaj tsis yog li ntawd ntev dhau los ib tug yooj yim intern. Nyob rau hauv 2000, lub Department of General Physics thiab Astronomy ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences muab nws lub npe ntawm coj tug (nyob rau hauv condensed teeb meem physics). Tom qab ntawd nws coj li cov kev tswj ntawm sic "Space ntaub ntawv" nyob rau hauv lub koom haum.

Txij li thaum 2005, nws coj ib tug ntau tiv directorships Mikhail Kovalchuk. Kurchatov lub koom haum coj nws mus rau tus ncej ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub Center ntawm synchrotron tawg. Thiab nyob rau hauv 2007, nws tau muab rau ua txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub vice-tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences. Txawm li cas los, rau siab nkag mus rau hauv tus ncej, Mikhail Kovalchuk yuav tsis, vim hais tias nws tsis yog ib tug tag nrho cov tswv cuab ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences. Thiab raws li ib tug active tug tswv cuab ntawm nws feem ntau kev kawm ntawv tsis kam muab, xav tias nws ntau tus neeg saib xyuas dua ib tus paub txog.

kho kom zoo ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences

Es tsis txhob, nyob rau hauv 2012 nws twb them raws li cov thawj coj nai khu num ua nyob hauv lub Physics Department of SPSU, yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm tam sim ntawd nyob rau hauv peb mas tsev, uas yog tseem nyob rau hauv ntau lub zos. Lub upshot yog tias nyob rau hauv 2013 ib tug pub leejtwg daim ntawv xaiv tsa ob zaug tsis kam muab nws nyob rau hauv tus ncej, uas nws tau koom lub yav dhau los kaum tsib xyoos - Mikhail Kovalchuk twb tsis rov raug xaiv thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Crystallography.

Tom qab uas tuaj lub nqi, lub authorship ntawm uas muaj ntau zaum ntaus nqi mus rau lub tu siab Kovalchuk. Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences tau undergone txhav Reformation. Mikhail Kovalchuk nws tus kheej tsis kam muab kev koom tes, hais tias cov xovxwm uas inevitably Academy ntawm Sciences tsum piam sij ib yam li cov Roman faj tim teb chaws piam sij lawm.

2015 th

Xyoo no, Mikhail Kovalchuk muaj ib tug ntau ntawm kev hais lus, lub feem ntau nthuav - nyob rau hauv lub Federation Council, qhov twg nws tham txog yuav ua li cas lub tebchaws United States tsim ib tug tshiab subspecies ntawm cov neeg - "cov neeg ua lag ua luam", yog dab tsi piam sij rau kev siv ntawm cov khoom cua hlwb, thiab yuav ua li cas lub tebchaws United States muaj feem xyuam rau lub muab tus so ntawm lub ntiaj teb no kev thiab kev hom phiaj. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm lawv cov kev pab suffers science nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe thiab Russia. Kev koom tes nruab nrab ntawm ob lub teb chaws, raws li Mikhail Kovalchuk, yuav tsum maj mam theem tawm thiab koom tej yaam num yuav tsis pib.

Nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis, qhov kawg ntawm no hais lus Putin muaj ib tug lub rooj sib tham nrog Mihailom Kovalchukom. Muaj nws kawm tau hais tias Academician Yevgeny Velikhov, tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm lub kev tshawb fawb Center "Kurchatov lub koom haum", yuav mus saib xyuas tus thawj tswj hwm. Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin tsa Mikhail Kovalchuk rau lub tsis muaj ncej. Kovalchuk tam sim ntawd npaj cov creation ntawm ib tug fusion reactor ntawm tus tshiab tiam. Thaum pib ntawm 2016 coj ib tug tshiab lub rooj sib tham ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Federation thiab Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm lub Kurchatov lub koom haum, uas twb tau sib tham txog nrhiav cov koom haum tau tswj lub khiav ntawm thought.

ntau posts

Tsuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb, yeej nrov sounding txaus teej tug Mihailu Kovalchuku, suav kaum xya. Nws feem ntau cov tswv cuab nyob rau hauv Pawg Thawj Tswj Hwm thiab cov Commission - lub Council nyob rau hauv lub Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm RF (science thiab kev kawm ntawv, Modernization thiab hauj txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev khwv nyiaj txiag, siab technology thiab innovation, thiab thiaj li nyob), nyob rau hauv tsev kawm qib siab - Ministry ntawm kev lag luam, Ministry of Education ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation; rau lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib ntawm lub ntsiab thiab chief designers, ua hauj lwm thiab zaum - lub cheeb tsam ntawm high-tech sectors ntawm kev khwv nyiaj txiag; lub Public Chamber ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Kev tswj kuj yuav siv sij hawm ib tug ntau ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no: MIPT kws qhia ntawv (qhov no legendary lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau tham cais), koom nyob rau hauv nano, bio-, kev txawj ntse thiab cov lus qhia technology; Department of Physics ntawm nanosystems Moscow State University, Department of nuclear physics kev SPSU kev tshawb fawb; Department of Physics MIPT sis tawg; Nws qhia raws li ib tug xibfwb hauv cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm Science ntawm lub MSU cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog deputy tus tswj ntawm lub Ras, uas yog koom nyob rau hauv nanotechnology.

Ntxiv

Mikhail Kovalchuk yog tus thawj editor ntawm "Crystallography", ib qho kev kawm phau ntawv journal, thiab tus Thawj Tub Ceev chief editor ntawm lub scientific phau ntawv journal nrog ib tug ntev lub npe "nto. X-ray kev tshawb fawb." Nrov science TV kev pab cuam Mikhail Kovalchuk ntawm tsib channel hu ua "Keeb kwm ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej."

Nws Chairman ntawm lub National Committee ntawm Crystallography ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation; RSNE; NKRK. Tsis tas li ntawd ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub AAAS (American Association rau cov Advancement of Science), nyob rau hauv lub seem ntawm physics.

scientific kev ua ub no

Feem ntau cov zaum ntseeg lub Academy ntawm Sciences Kovalchuk yog ib tug loj ib feem ntawm tus zaum nyob rau hauv lub X-ray tsom xam, tab sis tsis tsim tshiab science, los yog vnosshim pab mus rau lwm yam sciences. Ib tug grandiose daim ntawv ntawm Nkas Lis Lais tus nqi ntawm discoveries nyob rau hauv ntau sciences xws li kev tswj, economics, pedagogy, political science, biology, haiv neeg kev tshawb xav thiab keeb kwm (huag, yuav ua li cas nws yog nthuav no deciphering Lavxias teb sab tib neeg genome!) - nws yog ib tug banal stupidity, uas zaum ntseeg weaknesses koj cwm pwm thiab tsis yog tus Nazis, thiab tsis Lysenko.

Nrog rau tag nrho cov shortcomings, zaum ntseeg Ras Mikhail Kovalchuk, feem ntau paub tab paub xav thiab ncaj ncees los ntawm cov neeg tag nrho hau ntawm Lavxias teb sab science. Lawv kuj hais tias tus kho kom zoo nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lawv cov cheeb tsam yog lig txawv cov neeg uas nws proposals twb tsis ua, tab sis Kovalchuk teeb meem nrog Ras pab comprehensively.

ITEP

Zaum ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Theoretical thiab Seb Physics tuav lub tswb: lawv yog protesting tiv thaiv cov kev hloov ntawm cov neeg hauv tsev nyob rau hauv cov auspices ntawm lub Kurchatov lub koom haum thiab nyob rau hauv cov coj noj coj Mihaila Kovalchuka. Nyob rau hauv 2012, nws txawm tsim lub site "Txuag ITEP" nyob qhov twg cov tsiaj ntawv tau muab tso rau tag nrho cov Lavxias teb sab politicians, lub prime minister thiab tus thawj tswj hwm. Ntau tshaj li ib txhiab zaum kos npe rau lawv, ib feem peb ntawm cov kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub koom haum zoo li. Kos npe rau ib daim ntawv thov txawm Nobel nqi zog winners ntawm cov teb chaws Amelikas, xav tias ITEP ib tug ntawm cov uas lub tsev nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Nyob rau hauv lub tsab ntawv uas lawv hais tias qhov kev txiav txim yog sib npaug rau cov uas nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States kaw cia NASA, thiab nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees - Max Planck koom haum. Qhov ntawd yog qhov zoo ntawm scale uas lub tsev kawm ntawv - ITEP raws li rau Nuclear kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv 1945, uas ua nyob rau hauv lub "Rosatom". Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus nws ib feem ntawm cov Kurchatov lub koom haum merged nrog ob tug lwm cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm Biology thiab lub koom haum ntawm Physics. Lub hom phiaj ntawm xws li ib tug merger, zaum thov mus saib tau tus creation ntawm ib tug lwm txoj saib ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences, Academician Mikhail Kovalchuk tsis tau rais los. Ib qho taub hau tsis muaj tus Academy ntawm Sciences ntawm lub npe nws yog tsis yooj yim sua.

lwm saib

Qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog cov scandal nyob ib ncig ntawm lub Kurchatov lub koom haum tus xovxwm kev pab cuam tsis yeej commented, xa mus rau lub fact tias cov o ntawm lub hwj chim ntawm lub teb chaws tsis tau tsuas yog xav kom lub sustainable Modernization, tab sis kuj yuav ua tau ib tug hauj txhob nyob rau hauv ib los yog ob peb cov lus qhia ib zaug. Yog li ntawd, nyob deb, cov ntaub ntawv sau tsis muaj Mikhail Kovalchuk, lub npe ntawm ib tug muaj kev vam meej saib xyuas. Kev xaav nws draws iridescent, Ntxiv, enormous, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nanotechnology anthropomorphic thiab hybrid systems (robots).

Kev tshawb fawb yog los xij, tiam sis lub ntsiab yog zoo kawg nyob rau hauv lub neej no, peb yuav tsis tau leej twg, tej zaum nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no. Lub hom phiaj cov lus qhia txog uas yog txiav txim rau cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm - lub xov tooj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Cov nyiaj txiag ntawm lub Kurchatov lub koom haum xwb nyob rau hauv 2012 tshaj xya billion rubles, tam sim no, ntawm chav kawm, ntau yam ntxiv. Txawm li cas los, nws yog ho ua tsis tau zoo rau tus xov tooj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rau ntau yam thiaj li universities thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev tshawb fawb institutes. Ntxiv mus, lub cev rau lub sij hawm kev tswj ntawm lub Kurchatov lub koom haum Kovalchuk heev xav poob.