Mikhail Friedman: A Biography, kev ua si, tsev neeg

Mikhail Fridman (yug Plaub Hlis Ntuj 21, 1964) - ib tug loj Lavxias teb sab businessman ntawm cov neeg Yudais keeb kwm. Nws yog Chairman ntawm lub Supervisory Board of "Alfa-Group", ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws private peev tuam txhab uas muag nyob rau hauv Russia. Nyob rau hauv 2014, "Forbes" magazine kwv yees li nws muaj hmoov nyob rau hauv $ 15.6 billion, ua rau nws lub thib ob ntawm cov richest txiv neej nyob rau hauv Russia. Yuav ua li cas ho zoo li no ib qhov teeb meem mus txog Mikhail Fridman? Biography, lub tsev neeg nyob rau hauv uas nws twb yug los thiab loj hlob - uas yuav pab tau tus nyeem ntawv to taub lub hauv paus pib ntawm nws tam sim no vam meej.

Childhood thiab tiav hluas

Biography Mihaila Fridmana pib, zoo li lab ntawm lwm yam Soviet cov tub hluas. Nws twb yug los thiab loj hlob nyob rau hauv Lviv, Ukraine. Nws niam nws txiv, twb cov neeg laus, yog engineers, thiab leej txiv twb muab tsub lub USSR State nqi zog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm navigation seev rau cov tub rog aircraft. Lawv zoo siab heev thaum lub tsev yug tus yau tus tub. Mikhail Fridman thaum yau txawv zeal rau science. Thaum lub sij hawm nws kev tshawb fawb, nws tau hais ntau ntau zaus yeej lub tsev kawm ntawv Olympiads nyob rau hauv physics thiab kev kawm zauv.

Nyob rau hauv Lviv, Misha kawm tiav los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv 1980. Thiab ces - nyob rau hauv Moscow ... Nws nkag mus hauv lub Moscow lub koom haum ntawm Steel thiab alloys. Muaj ntau coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm cov neeg sib yuav ntau menyuam kawm ntawv. Tsis dim no txoj hmoo thiab Mikhail Fridman. Tus poj niam, Irkutyanka Olga yog classmate Michael.

Raws li ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv, nws tshwm thawj zaug thiab entrepreneurial streak. Nws ua lub organizer ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas discos, caw lawv musicians thiab bards nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj them ntawm lawv cov nqi.

Pib ntawm ua lag ua luam hauj lwm

Tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo nyob rau hauv 1986, Misa, Mikhail Fridman, pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau tsob nroj "Elektrostal" nyob rau hauv lub eponymous lub zos nyob ze Moscow. Tab sis nws twb tau txais nyob rau nws lub sij hawm, thiab thaum nws tuaj, Friedman tsis nco lub paaj sij hawm.

Nyob rau hauv 1988, nws tau pib ua lag ua luam los ntawm kev tsim ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov phooj ywg los ntawm lub koom haum ntawm tu koom tes, uas twb koom nyob rau hauv ntxuav lub qhov rais, qhov uas nws siv me nyuam kawm ntawv los ntawm ntau universities, muab lawv lub sijhawm mus khwv tau ntxiv cov nyiaj khwv.

Mus pib "Alfa"

Nrog rau German Khan, Alekseem Kuzmichevym thiab Petrom Avenom Mihail Fridman nyob rau hauv 1989 nws nrhiav tau lub trading khov "Alpha-yees duab", uas muag cov ntaub ntawv rau photography, computers, thiab xwb ces nyob rau hauv lub Soviet ua lag luam tseem copiers.

Tsis ntev, qhov pib capital sau rau chaw ua hauj lwm cov khoom lag luam tawm, Friedman keyboards rau lub hauv paus rau tag nrho cov Lavxias teb sab oligarchs khoom - roj. Ib lub cuab tam rau tuav lawv lub teb chaws rau peb cov hero yog ib tug Soviet-Swiss lub tuam txhab "Alfa-Eco" - ib tsab ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej "Alfa Group".

txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub tuam txhab mus rau classical Lavxias teb sab capital tswvyim: lub khiav ntawm cov khoom xa txawv teb chaws, ntxiv hlau cov khoom, lub volume ntawm muas tuaj mus rau xws li ib tug theem uas nyob rau hauv Friedmann ua lag ua luam qauv nyob rau hauv 1991 muaj muaj "Alfa-Bank", uas nws board of directors nws thiab hau.

Lub Privatization ntawm TNK - ncov ua lag ua luam ua hauj lwm, Friedman thiab K °

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no dab neeg tsim nyog ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib txoj kev tshawb no. Tab sis luv luv nws yog raws li nram no. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab 90s ntawm lub ces Lavxias teb sab tsoom fwv "razdergivaet" rau shreds lub xeev-muaj "Rosneft" - lub successor mus rau lub USSR Minneftegazproma. "Rosneft" emit feem ntau tidbits txuam nrog roj ntau lawm (thiab Nizhnevartovsk Tyumen roj teb) thiab refining (Ryazan Refinery). Lawv koom nyob rau hauv lub tshiab tsim lub tuam txhab, uas ua lub Tyumen Roj Company (TNK), lub ces lub xeev-muaj enterprise. Tam sim ntawd hais tias lub Privatization nyuj nyoos nrog peb tuam txab - thov kev pab rau TNCs, uas yog mus ntawm tus neeg zoo tshaj "Lavxias teb sab" businessmen ntawm lub sij hawm: Mikhail Fridman ( "Alfa Group"), V. Vekselberg ( "Renova") thiab L. Blavatnik (Access Industries). Kom nws yooj yim dua mus nrog txhua lwm yam nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm Privatization, lawv koom nyob rau hauv ib tug Consortium Alfa Access Renova (AAR), uas yuav nyob rau hauv 1997, tus tswv ntawm TNK kaum rau xyoo.

Tyumen Roj Company: khiav ib ncig ntawm nyob rau hauv 16 lub xyoos nyob rau hauv ntev

Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, muaj ntau yam tswv naprinimali "fateful" daws teeb meem. Ua ntej, nyob rau hauv 2003, lawv teamed nrog neftekorporatsiey "British Roj av", "TNK-BP" nyob rau hauv cov pob qij qauv, ces nyob rau hauv 2008 rau tus tuag tau sib cav nrog British cov neeg koom tes, yog li ntawd txawm sib cav sib ceg "resolve" lub High Tsev Hais Plaub nyob rau hauv London.

Thaum kawg, lub Lavxias teb sab coj noj coj ua kom tau muaj tseeb hais tias lub ntiaj teb no economic ntsoog yog kev siv ntawm tus tswv, "TNK-BP" yuav tsis tau, thiab nyob rau hauv 2013 tag nrho cov tib lub xeev-muaj lub tuam txhab "Rosneft" yuav tawm lub British thiab Lavxias teb sab tswv ntawm lawv shares nyob rau hauv lub long-kev txom nyem enterprise. Tsis muaj ib tug yuav hais tias Lavxias teb sab pej xeem, tab sis nyob rau hauv 1997 tau them tus Lavxias teb sab tsoom fwv rau lub Privatization ntawm TNK Friedman - Vekselberg - Blavatnik. Tab sis ntawm no yog yuav ua li cas them rau nws yog tus yuav khoom ntawm "Rosneft" nyob rau hauv xyoo 2012-13, yog paub zoo :. British coj $ 16,65 billion, thiab cov AAR Consortium - raws li ntau li ntau $ 27,73 billion, txawm lub fact tias cov neeg uas nrog muaj kwv yees li 50% ntawm cov chav tuam txhab.

Yuav ua li cas faib cov nyiaj ntawm lawv tus kheej Friedman - Vekselberg - Blavatnik tsis muaj leej twg paub. Tab sis judging los ntawm cov fact tias tus thawj ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub tau nyaij los ntawm cov muag khoom nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe nrhiav tau ib tug tshiab ua lag ua luam - peev pab pawg neeg «L1 Group", nws tsis nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub swb.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub lag luam faj tim teb chaws Friedman niaj hnub no?

Firstly, qhov no peev pab pawg neeg, uas tam sim no ntawm lwm yam uas lub "Alfa-Bank" (Russia lub loj tshaj plaws ntiav bank), xws li xws ua lag ua luam lug li Alfa Capital Management, "Rosvodokanal", "Alpha Insurance" thiab A1 Group. Cov pab pawg neeg twg muaj mobile tswv «MegaFon" thiab "VimpelCom", khw muag khoom khw muag khoom noj saw "Pyaterochka" thiab "Crossroads."

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, Mikhail Fridman yog tus tswj ntawm «L1 Group", nrog lub tsev hauv paus nyob rau hauv Luxembourg. Lag luam ntawm lub thoob ntiaj teb peev pab pawg neeg tsom rua lub telecommunications cuab tam thiab lub zog sector. Nws muaj xws li ob lub ntsiab sib cais: «L1 Zog» thiab «L1 yees." Friedman kuj yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Supervisory Board of Deutsche DEA AG Erdoel, Hamburg, yuav «L1 nquag" nyob rau hauv 2015.

Los ntawm txoj kev, lub Board of Directors «L1 Group" muaj qub phooj ywg - companions Friedman, uas nws pib nyob rau hauv lub lig '80s: Kuzmichev, Khan thiab P. Aven - qub Minister Gaidar tsoom fwv ntawm Russia.

Yuav khoom ntawm cov cuab tam nyob rau hauv lub North Hiav txwv

Nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 2015 «L1 Group" mas yuav kis tau tus German tuam txhab roj RWE DEA rau ntau tshaj £ 5 billion. Nws yus tus kheej li 12 active roj thiab cov nkev teb nyob rau hauv lub North hiav txwv thiab cov roj teb nyob rau hauv lwm qhov chaw. Lub deal tau tsa tawm tsam mus rau lub British tsoom fwv, uas suav tias yog hais tias nws yog tsis tooj mus rau txim txwv tiv thaiv Lavxias teb sab tuam txhab uas muag nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog cov txheej xwm nyob rau hauv Ukraine. «L1 Group" npaj los tsim ib tug tshiab lub tuam txhab yuav pib ntau lawm hauv tshiab roj teb, coj los ntawm tus qub lub taub hau ntawm "BP" Tswv Browne.

4 rau Lub peb hlis ntuj 2015, lub British Minister rau Zog thiab kev nyab xeeb kev hloov Ed Deyvi muab Friedman lub sij hawm ntawm ib lub lim tiam mus hais tau tus UK tsoom fwv yeej tsis yuam nws los muag cov mas yuav kis tau North Hiav txwv roj thiab cov nkev cuab tam. Qhov kawg zaj dab neeg no, raws li tau paub, tab sis muab qhov kev paub thiab muaj peev ntawm Mikhail Fridman nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam dab, koj yuav tau nco ntsoov hais tias nws yuav nrhiav ib txoj kev lub sij hawm no.

Sab nraum zoov kev ua ub no nyob rau hauv Jewish koom haum

Friedman - ib tug active supporter ntawm cov neeg Yudais cov thawj kauj ruam nyob rau hauv Russia thiab lwm yam European lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv 1996 nws yog ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm Lavxias teb sab Jewish Congress, tam sim no - ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Presidium ntawm lub RJC. Nws ua rau ib tug zoo pab mus rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub European Jewish Fund, ib tug koom haum tswj txoj kev loj hlob ntawm European Jewry thiab lub nce qib ntawm siab tev taus thiab reconciliation nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws.

Friedman, nrog rau Stan Polovtsov thiab peb lug txhawb cov miv, lub Lavxias teb sab Jewish billionaire Alexander Knaster, Petrom Avenom thiab German Khan, nrhiav tau lub "Genesis Group", uas nws lub hom phiaj yog txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov neeg Yudais yog leejtwg cov neeg Yudais thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no. Txhua xyoo lub nqi zog "Genesis Group" muab tsub rau lub winners uas tau mus txog perfection thiab thoob ntiaj teb lub koob meej nyob rau hauv lub embodiment ntawm cov ua cim ntawm cov neeg Yudais los ntawm ib tug kev cog lus rau lub teb chaws muaj nuj nqis.

Thaum lub ceremony ntawm thawj xyoo puav pheej nyob rau hauv lub nroog Yeluxalees nyob rau hauv 2014, Friedman hais cov neeg tuaj saib hais tias nws yog npaj los txhawb ib tug tshiab tiam ntawm cov neeg Yudais li ib qho piv txwv ntawm koj kev achievements ntawm tus laureates thiab lawv pab mus rau tib neeg kab lis kev cai thiab kev cog lus rau cov neeg Yudais qhov tseem ceeb.

Memberships thiab kev ua ub no nyob rau hauv thoob ntiaj teb thiab Lavxias teb sab pej xeem lug

Pib nyob rau hauv 2005, Friedman yog lub Lavxias teb sab tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Council on Txawv Teb Chaws Sib Raug Zoo - ib tug uas tsis yog-profit US lub koom haum uas theem ua ke sawv cev ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tsim, uas nws aim yog mus kis tau cov American version ntawm kev cai ywj pheej nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

Friedman yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm heev heev Lavxias teb sab uas tsis yog-tsoom fwv cov koom haum, xws li cov pej xeem Chamber ntawm Russia, lub Board of Directors ntawm Lavxias teb sab Union ntawm industrialists thiab lag luam thiab lub teb chaws Council on Neeg coj.

Nws yog ib tug active supporter ntawm lub National Literary nqi zog "Big Phau ntawv" thiab lub rooj tsavxwm ntawm lub "Center rau Kev them nyiaj yug ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv", teem nyob rau hauv qhov kev siv ntawm kev cai cov kev pab cuam, cov qib ntawm tus hom phiaj ntawm tib neeg thiab kev hwm rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai.

Mikhail Fridman: kev hlub lub neej

Nrog nws cov thawj tus poj niam, Olga, nws nrauj ib tug ntev lub sij hawm, dhau 10 xyoo dhau los. Yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam cov me nyuam tsis Michael Friedman? Cov me nyuam los ntawm nws tus thawj sib yuav - ob tug ntxhais: Catherine (1998 p.) Thiab Laura (1995 p.). Tus hluas nkauj tau yug los thiab nyob nrog nws niam nyob rau hauv Paris, muaj thiab kawm tiav los ntawm lub American School. Nkaus muab ex-tus poj niam thiab cov ntxhais ntawm ib tug xis neej, Friedman nws tus kheej nrog lawv yuav luag tsis muaj kev sib cuag.

Yuav ua li cas yuav tam sim no zoo li Mikhail Fridman tsev neeg? Rau ob peb lub xyoo nws nyob nyob rau hauv ib tug pej xeem sib yuav nrog ib tug qub neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm "Alfa-Bank" Oksana Ozhelskoy. Raws li ib co lus ceeb toom, lawv kuj muaj ob tug me nyuam.