Luiz Burzhua: biography thiab tej hauj lwm

Peb muab rau koj mus ntsib nrog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau nthuav ntxias ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th - Luiz Burzhua. Biography thiab ua hauj lwm nws hais nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm. L. Bourgeois - American sculptor, graphic artist thiab cov neeg pleev kob ntawm Fabkis keeb kwm. Louise - ib tug artist uas mythologized nws npau suav phem thiab obsessions, raws li zoo raws li cov lus tseeb ntawm nws thaum yau. Nyob rau hauv nws laus lub neej twb tsis muaj tiag tiag shocks, tab sis Bourgeois yeej tsis ceased mus cob qhia lawv cov kev puas hlwb kev poob plig uas tau plagued nws los ntawm ib tug thaum ntxov muaj hnub nyoog.

Childhood thiab ua yeeb yam Louise

Louise yug nyob rau hauv 1911 nyob rau hauv Paris. Bourgeois loj hlob nyob rau hauv Aubusson, lub Fabkis xeev. Qhov twg nws tsev neeg muaj ib lub rooj rau lub restoration ntawm tapestries. Raws li ib tug tub hluas, Louise tau raug muab nyob rau hauv lub Lyceum Fenellona - prestigious tsev kawm ntawv. Tus ntxhais ntawd heev ze rau nws niam, Josephine. Louise Josephine feem ntau pab nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm: pleev xim rau, xaws, mended tapestries.

Cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov sab nraud zoo thaum lawv niam lawv txiv nyob deb ntawm zoo tagnrho. Leej Txiv Luiz yuav luag tab lav rau nws tus poj niam nrog ib tug Englishwoman - lub governess ntawm lawv cov me nyuam. Rau ib tug me ntxhais, qhov no banal teeb meem no los ua ib tug tiag tiag ua yeeb yam. Nws yog dim los ntawm nws tus tag nrho kuv lub neej, thiab mus rau rethink nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm. Nws txiv Luiz xam tau tias yog ib tug neeg ntxeev siab. Nws txawm npaj mus ua yus tua yus tom qab kev tuag ntawm nws niam.

University cov nqi kawm ntawv thiab lwm tshooj

Luiz Burzhua nyob rau hauv 1932 cuv npe kawm nyob rau Sorbonne. Ntawm no nws kawm philosophy, geometry thiab kev kawm zauv. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, Bourgeois mus xyuas lub Soviet Union. Txij li thaum 1936, Louise los ua kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kos duab studios thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Paris. Nws mus koom ib lub rooj cob qhia thiab Constantin Brancusi, tus poj sculptor, uas thaum lub sij hawm yog ib tug cult daim duab ntawm lub zos avant-garde. Louise coj qhia nrog Fernand Léger, tus naas ej cubist. Nws qhuas nws lub peev xwm thiab txhawb kom ib tug hluas nkauj yuav ua li cas cov duab puab.

Kev sib yuav thiab txoj kev tuag ntawm ib tug txij nkawm

Ib qho tseem ceeb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej lub neej, Louise coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv 1938, thaum nws muaj txij nkawm Robert Goldwater, ib tug American art historian thiab ib tug Harvard kawm tiav. Tom qab lub tshoob cov hluas ob peb tau tsiv mus rau New York. Ntawm no Bourgeois tus txiv mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau tsev cia puav pheej ntawm txheej thaum ub kos duab (nws tau raug tsa nws cov thawj tus thawj coj). Zoo Heev union los ntawm kev hlub txhua lwm yam tswv yim neeg ntawd kub ntev li kom txog thaum 1974, thaum Louise tuag tus txiv. Nws yug nws peb tug tub.

Paintings thiab drawings los ntawm Louise

Bourgeois thaum pib ntawm nws muaj tswv yim ua hauj lwm, kawm painting thiab graphics. Nyob rau hauv lub series ntawm tej hauj lwm femme Maison, tsim nyob rau hauv 1945-1947 xyoo., Thiab ib sij poob poj niam (1946-1947 gg.), Tus artist thov rau tus txheej txheem ntawm lub Surrealists. Nws melds ua ke txawv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv, xws li cov tsev, thiab ib tug poj niam lub cev. Cov hauj lwm uas xav txog Louise, dab tsi luag hauj lwm cov poj niam ua si nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg. Muaj ntau txhais no lub luag hauj lwm thiaj tau tuaj raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm lub tsev. Txawm li cas los, bourgeois nws tus kheej neeg pab leg ntaubntawv uas nws ua hauj lwm - ib tug parody ntawm surrealism, uas twb sim xav txog tej yam ib tug poj niam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev tsim kho.

Thov kom puab

Louise nyob rau hauv lub 1940s teem rau cov duab puab. Nws yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws masters ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Tus thawj yas thwmsim Louise hnov tus ntawm archaic Greek, drevneamerikanskoy thiab African duab puab. Lawv txoj lw cov teebmeem ntawm tus loj tshaj masters ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, raws li Henry Moore thiab Constantin Barnkuzi Alberto Giacometti, uas tau raws lawv ua hauj lwm rau archaic yas. Bourgeois duab puab chiv muaj pab pawg ntawm cov organic thiab paub daws teeb cov ntaub ntawv, uas feem ntau raug ua los ntawm cov ntoo.

"Lub qhov muag tsis pom txoj hau kev rau cov dig muag"

"Lub qhov muag tsis pom txoj hau kev rau cov dig muag", tsim nyob rau hauv 1947, yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau nto moo tej hauj lwm Luiz Burzhua. Nws yuav suav hais tias ib tug tib neeg yob hu nrog cov "piv txwv ntawm qhov muag tsis pom", ua los ntawm Pieter Bruegel lub Txwj Laug. Ua hauj lwm Louise qauv uas muaj 20 ntev liab backups ntawm ntoo, tapering downwardly, thiab rau sab saum toj kev cob cog rua ntawm tie-choj. Lub simplicity ntawm no puab yog discouraging, thiab cov kev xav ntawm insecurity thiab tsis khov yuav siv sij hawm tuav. Bourgeois hais tias qhov no ua hauj lwm - ib tug reminiscence ntawm tus me nyuam txoj kev xav tau mus nkaum nyob rau hauv lub rooj thaum lub tsev noj hmo scandals tshwm sim.

cov ntaub ntawv tshiab

Nyob rau hauv lub mus txog 1960, nyob rau hauv lub sculptures ntawm Louise pib siv cov ntaub ntawv xws li cov pob zeb, bronze thiab cov yas latex. Tom qab mus xyuas Ltalis, nws ntxiv marble. Nyob rau hauv 1949, nws twb xub tshaaj puab Bourgeois - nyob rau hauv New York, nyob rau hauv lub gallery peridium.

Paj nyob rau hauv lub "sab tsaus nti" thiab sexuality

Louise yog ib tug artist-postsyurrealistom, uas tshaj hais tias nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv 1930-1940-ies. Thaum lub sij hawm no nws twb tuaj mus rau hauv disrepair Fabkis surrealist zog. Ntxias muaj feem xyuam rau nws, yeej tsis tsim ib tug nyob ze-xaws pab pawg neeg. Lawv twb tsis inclined mus rau manifest, tawm cov kev pab cuam thiab declarative cov nqe lus. Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov ua yeeb yam, ib pab pawg neeg uas tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug txaus siab nyob rau hauv lub "sab tsaus nti" ntawm kev txawj ntse thiab kev puas hlwb lub neej, raug ntawm lub Romantics, tab sis kuj mus rau lub cev, uas yog tus uas paub txog tus "sab tsaus nti." Uas yog vim li cas kev sib deev rau Louise txog kev raug mob, raws li tau zoo raws li lub mob nrhiav rau nws tus kheej yog leej twg, lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov tub los ntxhais kev sib raug zoo. Nyob rau hauv 1968, Bourgeois hais 2 sculptures uas yog ob qho tib si shocking thiab ironic: "Blooming Janus" thiab "Hluas nkauj".

"Hluas nkauj"

Nws yog ua los ntawm latex giant phallus qev nuv neeg tua tsiaj. Qhov no duab puab nruab nrab yog ib tug tseem ceeb saib Luiz Burzhua nyob rau hauv lub iconography ntawm lub phallus thiab cov kab txiv neej raws li txoj cai. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub puab yuav tsum tau nyeem raws li tus txiv neej noob qes, thiab yuav ua li cas poj niam ob lub mis thiab sib npaug duav zoo li ib tug poj niam, txawj crotch.

"Blooming Janus"

"Blooming Janus" - ib tug ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv uas lub compound yog reflected yog txivneej los pojniam daim, ntws mus rau hauv ib leeg. Nyob rau hauv Latin, "Janus" txhais tau tias "zaj", "koov". Txawm li cas los, nws yog tag nrho ob qho ob-faced Vaj tswv, uas nws ib tug lub ntsej muag yog tig mus rau yav tas los thiab lwm yam tab tom nrhiav rau lub neej yav tom ntej, rau janua - divine rooj vag qhib nyob rau hauv peacetime thiab kaw thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog. Txhav monolithic substrate thiab duab puab yog ib cov duab ntawm ob flaccid penises, uas yog kev cob cog rua rau lub hauv paus caij, yuav luag formless, reminiscent ntawm cov plaub thiab pw ua ke kis. Lub chaw "blooming" yog hais txog qhov ua piv txwv ntawm lub genitals raws li ib tug tshuaj tsw qab thiab flowering. Cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej tuaj ua ke zoo li ob lub ntsej muag. Ob tug penises ib txhij zoo sib xws thiab rau cov poj niam lub pob tw, ncej puab thiab ob lub mis.

"Puas tsuaj ntawm Leej Txiv"

Luiz Burzhua tiav nws cov thawj installation nyob rau hauv 1974. Nws tau qhib ib lub tshiab rau theem nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim biography ntawm tus tswv. Nyob rau hauv lub Bourgeois "puas tsuaj ntawm Leej Txiv," lub sculptor realizes nyob rau hauv ib tug complex yas daim ntawv mob puas thiab instincts, nyob rau hauv lub subconscious, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm tseem sib raug zoo nrog nws tus txiv, leaning hnyav ncawv rau ntawm tus sau los ntawm thaum yau. Txhim kho ib tug qauv zoo li lub qhov tsua. Cov nuj nqis uas zoo li lub pob zeb puag ncig lub sacrificial phaj nrog tawg khiav ri niab nws lub cev qhov chaw, xws li daim ntawm tus me nyuam yaj, uas tau yuav nyob rau hauv lub neeg tua tsiaj kav.

Qhov no ua hauj lwm, Louise yog heev alarming, lawv ua hauj lwm ntawm Spanish artist Francisco Goya, uas yog heev menyuam Bourgeois.

Lub sij hawm ntawm "hlwb"

Nyob rau hauv lub Kwvyees li xyoo 1990, nws tseem mus ua hauj lwm Luiz Burzhua. Creativity nws txav mus rau ib tug tshiab theem - lub sij hawm ntawm "lub hlwb." Artist ib qho ntawm nws cov hom phiaj rau cov creation ntawm thought Environnement, uas yuav self-txaus, ywj siab ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej ib puag ncig. Qhov no Environnement yuav nkag mus rau. Cov lug yog ib hom ntawm rwb thaiv tsev kev tau nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm. Cell (Choisy) - ib tug cell uas muaj ib tug marble duab puab ntawm lub tsev. Saum toj no nws yog muab tso rau ib tug loj guillotine. Qhov no duab puab tsa ib tug scene ntawm ib tug npau suav phem.

Ob peb IV

Cov ua hauj lwm Luiz Burzhua tom qab lub sij hawm xws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov hom phiaj, raws li zoo raws li cov nuj nqis ntawm cov ntaub. Lawv sawv cev rau ntau yam degrees ntawm tag kev cia siab thiab kev mob. Piv txwv li, lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm 1997 Ob peb IV nruab nrab yog ib yam dab tsi li ib tug laus-fashioned zaub ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej. Nws qhia tau hais tias ob daim ntaub nuj nqis tsis muaj taub hau, sim ua kom kev hlub.

"Kab laug sab"

Installation "Kab laug sab" Luiz Burzhua (daim duab qhia hauv qab no) tau ua ib lub cim ntawm lub caij ua hauj lwm ntawm lub sculptor. Nws pib ua ib tug zoo meej piv txwv ntawm cov kev paub qhia lo thiab muaj kuab tsim, tsim los ntawm cov xwm. Nyob rau hauv ib lub cim phau ntawv txhais lus Louise Bourgeois kab laug sab tsis nqa tej yam tsis zoo qhov tseem ceeb. Nws yog txuam nrog nws niam Louise, txawj ntse, kuas, judicious, ua siab ntev, insightful, sophisticated, pab tau, qhov tseem ceeb thiab zoo huv si, zoo li ib tug kab laug sab. Qhov no kab yog txuam nrog rau cov kev mob siab ntawm nws tias, raws li zoo raws li lub koom craftsmanship ntawm lub weaver. Ib tug ntawm cov hauj lwm nyob rau lub ntsiab lus no, tsim los ntawm Louise, thiab yog hu ua - "Niam." Yas monumental daim ntawv no, ua los ntawm cov bronze, nws brevity thiab simplicity ntawm geometric kos duab muaj peculiar bourgeois kev txiav txim zoo ntawm harmonic tshuav nyiaj li cas.

Cov thawj loj exhibition

Nyob rau hauv 2000, tus naas ej Tate Niaj hnub nimno Gallery nyob rau hauv London tuav lub thawj loj exhibition ntawm Louise Bourgeois, uas hu ua "Kuv tabtom ua, kuv ua kom puas, kuv rework." Hais tias nws tau tshaj tawm hais tias lub hav zoov ntawm cov State National tsev cia puav pheej. Louise yog thawj sculptor, uas nws ua hauj lwm tau raug muab tso rau hauv ib tug tshiab bastion ntawm contemporary kos duab. exhibition yog ib tug lossis loj kev vam meej, thiab cov kev xaiv ntawm tus tswv - yog tsis yuam, txij li thaum Bourgeois creativity nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais - ib tug anthology ntawm contemporary kos duab.

Lub exhibition "Luiz Burzhua lug ua :. hlwb"

Nyob rau hauv 2015, lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Niaj hnub nimno Kos duab "tsheb" hais ib tug loj exhibition ntawm Bourgeois nyob rau hauv Moscow. Qhov no exhibition yog mob siab rau mus rau lub series-Environnement sculptures uas tau tsim los ntawm Louise nyob rau hauv lub xeem 20 xyoo ntawm nws lub neej. Nws featured ntau tshaj 80 tej hauj lwm los ntawm Bourgeois: installation, thaum ntxov sculptures, kos duab thiab paintings ua ntej lub tshiab voj voog tej hauj lwm.

Luiza Burzhua, uas nws ua hauj lwm pom tau hais tias thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no, nyob ib lub neej ntev. Nws tuag ntawm koj lub plawv nres nyob rau ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm 98 xyoo nyob rau hauv New York, May 31, 2010.