Lub Xeev Hermitage Tsev khaws puav pheej. Hermitage (St. Petersburg): ib tug sau ntawm paintings

Yuav ua li cas qhov chaw ntau mus xyuas los ntawm tourists, mus txog rau hauv St. Petersburg? Hermitage, Kunstkamera thiab cov cruiser "Aurora".

Lub Hermitage yog nws?

Nws yog ib lub ntiaj teb no tus loj tshaj plaws kos duab thiab kev cai-keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej. Nws yog tseem paub zoo thiab nrov li cov Louvre, lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej thiab lub Metropolitan Tsev khaws puav pheej. Lub Xeev Hermitage tuas 3 lab teev, nrog rau paintings nyob ib leeg, muaj 15 txhiab. Nws yog Kwv yees hais tias yog muab rau txhua yam nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej xwb 1 feeb, ces mus saib tag nrho cov collections ntawm lub Hermitage xav tau ... 8 xyoo! Thiab nws yog muab tsuas mus tas mus li teev, tab sis ib ntus miv. Hermitage kuj tsa ib lub teb ntawm cov txhua txhua lub hlis. Thiab tag nrho cov txoj kev hauv tsev ntev yog 20 km. Tab sis lub ntsiab highlight ntawm no tsev cia puav pheej yog tsis nyob rau hauv lub teev thiab tsis tus xov tooj ntawm cia keeb kwm cov khoom, thiab lub fact tias muaj ntau ntau yam thawj masterpieces ntawm lub ntiaj teb painting thiab lwm yam art.

Qhov uas nws yog?

Qhov chaw Tsev khaws puav pheej - nyob rau hauv lub Palace Embankment. Lub Xeev Hermitage - ib tug complex ntawm tsib vaj tse (lub caij ntuj no Palace, cov khoom Tshiab Hermitage, Grand Hermitage, lub me me Hermitage thiab cov Hermitage Theatre). Lub ntsiab nkag yog nyob rau ntawm Palace Square, 2.

Sij hawm

Lub Xeev Hermitage yog npaj txhij los mus txais cov neeg tuaj saib ntawm Tuesday rau hnub Sunday, pib ntawm 10.30. End of ua hauj lwm - 18.00, tab sis nyob rau Wednesday - 21,00. Hnub tawm - Monday. Tab sis daim ntawv: nyiaj ntsuab nres muag daim pib ib teev ua ntej kaw. Nws yog zoo dua npaj taug kev ua si los ntawm cov Hermitage nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ua ntej noj su thiab rau hnub ua hauj lwm - muaj neeg tsawg tsawg. Tab sis tshaj lub weekend tej zaum koj yuav tau sawv ntsug nyob rau hauv kab rau txog ib teev.

Daim pib nqi

Daim pib ntawm lub Hermitage no kuj pheej yig. Rau cov pej xeem ntawm Russia tus nqi yuav tsum tau 100 rubles, pensioners, menyuam kawm ntawv thiab cov me nyuam -. Dawb. Neeg txawv teb chaws yuav tsum tau them 350 rubles. Tab sis txhua txhua thawj hnub Thursday ntawm lub hli - free hnub rau txhua leej txhua tus.

Keeb kwm ntawm creation

Nyob rau hauv 1764 Catherine lub Great muas 225 paintings ntawm tus sau los ntawm lub German ua lag luam Yohanna Gotskovskogo. Qhov no sau tau tsim rau King Frederick II ntawm Prussia, tab sis vim yog teeb meem nyiaj txiag, nws yuav txhiv tsis tau nws. Enterprising ua lag luam twb muaj ua lub Lavxias teb sab empress, thiab nws pom zoo tsis muaj hesitation, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav qhia tawm nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm ib tug German huab tais. Txij li thaum Gotskovsky tsis muaj sib sib zog nqus paub nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm daim duab, tus sau muaj xws li paintings es nruab nrab (nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog cov neeg uas tuaj tom qab). Cov no yog mas tej hauj lwm ntawm lub ob txhais tes ntawm cov Dutch thiab Flemish masters, raws li zoo li ib co hauj lwm los ntawm Italian ntxias ntawm lub XVII caug xyoo. Tab sis ntawm lawv yog cov khoom ntawm lub Khalsa thiab cov phab ntsa.

Xyoo no (1764 th), thiab yog pom tias lub xyoo ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub Hermitage, txawm hais tias tus tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub nkag siab ntawm lo lus tsis nyob ua ib ke. Tom qab tsib xyoo, lub tshaaj yog raws li nram no: 600 paintings ntawm lub private sau los ntawm Count von Bruhl. Muaj nqi teev: "Portrait ntawm ib tug laus txiv neej nyob rau hauv liab" Rembrandt, "Perseus thiab Andromeda" los ntawm Rubens thiab lwm tus neeg.

Lwm 400 paintings yuav los ntawm qhov Fabkis collector Pierre Crozat. Yog li nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg twb "Holy Family" los ntawm Raphael, "Judith" los ntawm Giorgione, "Danae" Titian lub "Portrait ntawm lub Infanta Isabella tub txib" Rubens, "Self-portrait" los ntawm Van Dyck.

Yuav kom Catherine tus nrhiav tau ntawm masterpieces ntawm lub ntiaj teb kos duab nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw yog ib tug nom tswv piav tes piav taw los qhia hais tias lub Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws - lub tsim thiab cov uas tsis-pluag lub teb chaws uas muaj peev xwm them taus xws li ib tug khoom kim heev. Nyob rau hauv 1774, nyob rau hauv lub muaj lub Empress yog 2080 duab, tab sis ho tsis muab lawv. Yuav kom qhov no lub sij hawm yog tus naas ej kab lus ntawm Catherine uas nws admires thiab nws tsuas nas. Txawm tias tom qab nkag gallery twb qhib, tab sis los ntawm tshwj xeeb kev tso cai.

Tom qab ntawd Hermitage tau txais tej khoom ntiag tug tshem tawm los ntawm cov saum cov nom tswv cajceg thiab lwm yam muaj koob muaj npe palaces. Tsev khaws puav pheej Iwj nrog rau lwm collections ntawm lub Yusupov, Stroganov, Sheremetev. Lwm yam tsev kis lawv teev mus rau lub Hermitage.

Tus sau los ntawm paintings

Tsaug rau lub teev ntawm lub Hermitage, nws yog ua tau rau lw lub keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb kos duab thiab saib yuav ua li cas tsim lub kos duab ntawm England, Belgium, Holland, Spain, Ltalis, Fabkis thiab lwm lub teb chaws. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub rooj sib tham sawv cev tsuas 7000 paintings los ntawm European nyuab los ntawm cov Nrab Hnub nyoog thiab xaus nrog lub xyoo pua xeem. Dhau li ntawm tus tas mus li exhibition, tseem muaj ib ntus miv. Hermitage yog ceev faj preservation ntawm cov nqi kev cai cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm yav dhau los, li ntawd, ib co kuaj yog qhib rau pej xeem saib xwb ib ob peb lub lim piam ntawm lub xyoo rau lawv preservation.

Halls ntawm Western kos duab dai kom zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv sib lawv liag thiab thaj hauv paus, uas yog, nyob rau hauv ib tug sau tej hauj lwm ntawm painters tej lub teb chaws rau ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Piv txwv li, ib tug gallery ntawm Italian painting XIII-XVIII centuries yuav khav ntawm xws masterpieces li "Kev Tshaj Tawm" ntawm Simone Martini, "Madonna Benua" thiab "Madonna Litta" Leonardo da Vinci tus "Tus Vaj Family" los ntawm Raphael.

Heev nplua nuj yam ntawm lub Flemish fine art, duab XVII-XVIII centuries. Cov kev txaus siab ntawm tus sau - 32 paintings los ntawm Rubens ( "The Union ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab dej", "Bacchus" thiab loj monumental thiab hniav mus), 24 tej hauj lwm ntawm nws tus menyuam kawm ntawv Van Dyck ( "Self").

Nyob rau hauv lub gallery ntawm Spanish painting XV - pib ntawm XVIII xyoo pua paintings muab El Greco ( "Cov Thwj Tim Petus thiab Povlauj"), Velazquez ( "tshais"), de Goya ( "Portrait ntawm lub Actress Antonia Zarate"). Nws yog tau mus soj ntsuam txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Gothic thiab muaj tiag tendencies thiab karavadzhizma.

Kws nplua nuj sau ntawm paintings (txog 1000) los ntawm Dutch ntxias, xws li thaum ntxov thiab lig Rembrandt.

Raws li ntau raws li nyob rau hauv lub Hermitage, English painting muab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub UK nws tus kheej. Ntau paj nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub tsev hais plaub portrait. Ib tug ntawm lub ntiaj teb no-nrov paintings yog "Portrait ntawm ib tug poj niam nyob rau hauv xiav" los ntawm Thomas Gainsborough.

Nyob rau hauv lub tso rau neeg pom nrog cov painting Fabkis XV-XVIII centuries, qhov chaw tseem ceeb yog nyob los ntawm cov txhuam classicist Nikola Pussena. Ib phau ntawm tej hauj lwm los ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm XIX - XX xyoo pua yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Tom qab ntawd muaj lub npe nrov impressionist Monet ( "poj niam nyob hauv lub vaj", "Waterloo choj") thiab Renoir ( "Hluas nkauj nrog ib tug kiv cua"), thiab Degas ( "Concorde"). Cov kev txaus siab ntawm tus sau - 38 tseem thiab 31 Matisse - Picasso.

tseem ceeb tus tswv ntawm lub Berlin thiab Munich cov tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub nrog cov German kos duab. Tsis tas li ntawd attracted tus mloog ntawm sib ntaus sib tua paintings devoted mus rau Patriotic ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1812 thiab lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Frederick nyob rau hauv lub Romantic style.

Tsis ntev los no, lub Xeev Hermitage yuav "Black Square" los ntawm Malevich. Qhov no yog ib lub npe nrov tshaj tej hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab ntawm yav dhau los xyoo pua.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub xaus? Koj yuav qhia tau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm thiab hais txog lub architectural monuments, sculptures thiab txog lub Hermitage. Tab sis nyeem txog lub masterpieces ntawm painting yog tsawg npaum li cas kev lom zem tshaj enjoying ib tug zoo nkauj tag lawm. Yog li ntawd nws yog tsim nyog tsis muaj hesitation mus thiab yuav daim pib mus rau Hermitage rau tag nrho tsev neeg. Nws yuav ua tau tuav.