Lub tracert hais kom ua yuav pab tau nyob rau hauv lub mob ntawm kev sib txuas lus teeb meem

Lub tracert hais kom yog siv khiav ib diagnostic nqi hluav taws xob uas yuav txiav txim rau hauv lub dhau tsheb lawv network. Qhov kev pab no yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv feem ntau niaj hnub khiav hauj lwm systems. Utility yog siv mas rau kev soj ntsuam thiab kev txheeb xyuas tsis muaj zog cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub network.

Yuav ua li cas cov tshev mis tracert hais kom ua?

Tracert xa thov kom cov lo lus uas taw tes zoo li ib tug ping hais kom ua. Nco ntsoov tias tus neeg siv ntaus tracert hais kom ua, qhov rais xa ib tug qhia tshwj xeeb uas cim tej pob khoom uas xeeb tus thawj lub rooj vag, yog xa rov qab mus rau tus neeg siv lub computer. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov ntaub ntawv muab ntaub ntawv rau lub tsev, rov qab nws. Tom qab ntawd, tom ntej no thov xa mus rau hauv lub cev uas yog twb tam sim no hais rau nco nws yav dhau los rooj vag.

Serial xa tej pob khoom muaj ib tug ua kom tiav txoj kev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm tus neeg siv lub computer rau tej ntawm nyob rau hauv Internet los yog hauv zos network. Yog li, qhov hais kom ua tracert yuav ib tug indispensable cuab tam nyob rau hauv diagnosing teeb meem, uas qhia hais tias tus feem twg packets ploj lawm.

Khiav lub tracert hais kom ua nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais

Khiav lub nqi hluav taws xob tshev cov network lawv nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais ntawm qhov hais kom ua kab. Nyob rau hauv versions ntawm lub operating system yog tsawg tshaj li 8 mus qhib lub interface ntawm qhov hais kom ua kab, cia li nias "Pib-Khiav" thiab ntaus cmd. Lub qhov rais 8 yuav tau tig mus rau cov zaub mov "Tag nrho cov kev pab cuam" thiab nrhiav tau cov yam khoom "kom ua txhob." Nyob rau hauv txhua version ntawm lub operating system, koj yuav tau siv cov keyboard shortcut Yeej + R.

Ib zaug nyob rau qhov hais kom ua kab, koj yuav tsum nkag mus rau tracert domen.ru, qhov twg es tsis txhob domen.ru tau qhia kom meej tej sau npe los tus IP-qhov chaw nyob. Qhov no yuav ua nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob pib nrog txheem tsis.

Daws tracert hais kom ua

Launched txog tej cov neeg siv kom ua comprises tracert hauj lwm lub lag luam. Nws muaj peev xwm yuav nkag los ntawm tsuas typing tracert hais kom ua nrog cov -?.

Ntawm no yog ib nyuag lus piav qhia txog cov tsis tau hais tias yog kev txhawb los ntawm tracert hais kom ua:

• -h qhia txog qhov tsawg ntawm cov zaus uas yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm searching.
• -D txwv tsis pub pab neeg nws tig tus IP-qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub ntse lub rooj vag lub npe.
• -j tso cai rau lub chaw tso dej los mus ua kom ib tug dawb kev tshawb fawb ntawm qhov lawv ntawm daim ntawv teev cov ntshav. Koj yuav tau qhia ib tug tshaj plaws ntawm 9 routers.
• -W yog siv los qhia kom meej rau timeout teb rau ib qho kev thov los ntawm ib tug node. Yog hais tias tsis muaj lus teb tau txais, nws yuav muab tso tawm kom muaj tus cim. Nyob rau hauv milliseconds.

Yog lub neej ntawd, lub siab tshaj plaws pes tsawg tus ntawm hops yog tsuas yog siv mus rau 30 th, thiab tos lub sij hawm - los ntawm 4 vib nas this.

Counterpart nyob rau hauv Linux

Cov neeg siv cov ntawm Linux operating system muaj rau cov nqi hluav taws xob nrog ib tug dav functionality tshaj muaj tracert hais kom ua. nws hu ua traceroute. Daim ntawv thov no txawv los ntawm analog rau lub qhov rais nyob ntawm ntau yam hom, uas yog teev tseg los ntawm cov tsis.

Pib lub qhov cim tseg siv ICMP muab pab neeg tracertroute nrog -Kuv tseem ceeb. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lub lag luam no yuav tsum khiav dej num txoj cai. Thaum lub neej ntawd chaw nyob rau ntau lub distributions pib tracertroute commands yuav ua tau los ntawm cov neeg siv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yuav siv UDP-pob khoom, tus nqi hluav taws xob yuav kuj yuav raug yuam kom siv nws los qhia kom meej rau lawv nrog -u parameter.

Lub asterisks nyob rau hauv lub tso zis tseem khiav

Heev feem ntau, tracert los yog sib npaug rau Linux pab neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov zis es tsis txhob ntawm cov lus qhia txog lub cim teb los ntawm tus tswv tsev. Nws yog tsis tsim nyog los kho nws raws li ib qho yuam kev. Qhov no txhais tau tias tsuas yog ib yam: ib tug router tsis teb rau ib qho kev thov rau ib tug predetermined lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Tsis muaj dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm nrog hais tias, vim hais tias cov ua yuav ua tau ntau yam. Ib tug ntawm lawv - lub installation ntawm firewalls los yog lwm yam kev tiv thaiv, thaiv cov hlab cov zaj ntawm tej packets.

Yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum paub txog cov cim tseg lawv?

Tracert - ib pab neeg uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv qhov mob ntawm network cov teeb meem. Txawm li cas los, nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias yuav ua rau yuam kev, xav tias tshem ntawm cov tracert hais kom ua, tsuas. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv txoj lw txoj kev raws li tsuas txhais tau tias ntawm troubleshooting.

Lwm vim li cas hais tias tracing tsuas kov qhia qhov teeb meem yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov kev cov packets nyob rau hauv Internet nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv taw qhia. Feem ntau, lub pob xa mus los ntawm tus neeg siv mus rau lub neeg rau zaub mov mus txog tej qhov chaw, thiab xa rov qab - ib tug txawv kiag li txoj kev.

Ncua sij hawm ntawm lub pob uas yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub tso zis ntawm cov traceroute los yog tracert nqi hluav taws xob, muaj tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog rau qhov ncua rau transit packets. Qhov no yog vim lub specifics ntawm lawv ua rau lub router. Yog li ntawd, qhia rau lawv yuav tsum tau nyeem cov qhov tso zis ntawm qhov hais kom ua yog lawm, uas yog yooj yim.

nqi hluav taws xob mtr

Mtr kev pab cuam tshwm sim nyob rau hauv versions rau feem ntau kev khiav hauj lwm systems. Nws paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub lag luam yog heev uas zoo sib xws rau cov taug qab hais kom ua (traceroute). Nws interrogates lub teev ntawm rau ib tug tej lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, yog li cia rau kev txhim kho qhov kev ncua hloov.

Cov nqi hluav taws xob version rau lub qhov rais muaj WinMTR lub npe thiab muaj free xwb.

Tus neeg siv yuav muab lub sij hawm mus ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug graphical interface nyob rau hauv uas koj xav kom lub IP-qhov chaw nyob los yog cov lo lus uas node sau, pib tus sau los ntawm statistics. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, tus tsom xam yuav tsum tau xa tsawg kawg yog 100 tej pob khoom.

Linux cov neeg siv yuav kuj tau mus nruab ib tug ntxiv mtr los ntawm lub repositories. Nyob rau hauv cov kev khiav hauj lwm systems uas feem ntau siv console version ntawm lub chaw tso dej. Qhov rau cov neeg siv ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov kev xaiv uas tso cai rau koj kom meej lub xov tooj ntawm packets xa, lub tsab ntawv ceeb toom nkag teb chaws, ntaub ntawv timeout. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau Linux version yuav siv tau los mus ntsuam xyuas kev ports los yog TCP-packets.

Yuav ua li cas kuv yuav tsum tau xa tus kws kho mob los kuaj network teeb meem?

Neeg rau zaub mov neeg khiav dej num los yog kev pab kho mob, raws li ib tug txoj cai, nws yog ib qho zoo kom xa cov zis ntawm commands tracert (traceroute), ping thiab qhia mtr nqi hluav taws xob. Koj muaj peev xwm yeej sim tsuas yog ua tus tom kawg, tab sis qhov ntau ntaub ntawv muab, qhov yooj yim dua nws yog los nrhiav ib tug kws thiab txhim kho qhov teeb meem.