Lub nkoj "Dav dawb hau" - tus thawj Lavxias teb sab frigate

Nyob rau hauv 1636 nyob rau hauv Russia nws ua tau warship, hu ua "Frederick," tab sis nws tau koom rau lwm lub xeev - Schleswig-Holstein (lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, cov peev - Kiel). Yog li ntawd, lub nkoj "Dav dawb hau", ua nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1667-1669, yog suav hais tias yog thawj-yug los ntawm Lavxias teb sab tub rog shipbuilding.

Yog vim li cas rau qhov kev siv ntawm cov thawj shipyard

Tom qab nws siv yog raws li nram no. Thaum Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, uas kav Rus 'los ntawm 1645 mus 1676, sib tsim lag luam kev sib raug zoo nrog nws cov neeg nyob ze, nrog rau Persia (Iran niaj hnub). Muaj yog ib tug yuav tsum tau rau navigation rau lub Caspian hiav txwv. Lub sij hawm twb turbulent, thiab kos npe rau los ntawm tus Lavxias teb sab tsar thiab lub Persian Shah luam daim ntawv cog ib tug tshwj xeeb clause stipulated qhov yuav tsum tau los tiv thaiv luam kev los ntawm cov tub rog tsev hais plaub. "Dav dawb hau" Lub nkoj yog cov kev tshwm sim ntawm no daim ntawv cog lus.

lub luag hauj lwm mus kom ze

Nyob rau hauv 1667, nyob rau hauv Oka dej cia li hauv qab no txuas ntawm lub Moskva dej, nyob rau hauv lub zos hu ua Dedinovo pib kho ntawm ib tug me me shipyard. Nws twb npaj rau kev tsim kho ntawm ib tug nkoj, neeg hlau, ob yachts thiab tej nkoj nquam. Qhov ntawd yog tus thawj txoj kev npaj. Rau lub hom phiaj no, lawv raug rho tawm los ntawm lub Netherlands thiab lwm lub teb chaws nkoj Goldsmiths - Geltow, Minster thiab Van qhoc chaw nkaum Streck. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd lawv tau raug caw mus ncaj cov kev tswj thiab lub koom haum ntawm lub tsev warships Colonel Van Bukovec, tus tauj ncov loj thiab kormschik Butler. Los ntawm cov nyob ze lub zos qhab nia 30 carpenters, 4 thiab 4 Xamiv gunner. Cov kev tswj ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab rog twb tasked Boyar AL Ordyn-Nashchokin, ib qho ntawm feem kawm ntawv thiab ntse muaj koob muaj npe dignitaries. Nws kuj tau koom rau lub tswv yim ntawm ib tug txhais private Lavxias teb sab Navy.

lub loj ntawm lub

Obviously, nyob rau hauv view ntawm xws li ib tug loj heev lub xeev txoj kev lub nkoj "Dav dawb hau" ua tau nyob rau hauv ib tug remarkably luv luv lub sij hawm - tsawg tshaj li ib xyoo. Peb pib los tsim nws lub kaum ib hlis 14, 1667, thiab twb 19 Tej zaum 1668 nws twb launched. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Muab ob npaug rau decked, peb-masted sailing nkoj nrog bowsprit Western European hom yog ib hom ntawm Dutch Pinas - sailing thiab rowing txog ntsha dav daim ntawv thov. Tsis muaj nkoj "Dav dawb hau", raws li nram no: ntsha ntev yog 24,5 m, lub dav yog 6.5 m, qhov tob 1.5 m los nag mus txog. Nyiaj los tsim kom tau ib tug sailboat twb tau los ntawm Peter Admiralty precursor kuv - qhia rau cov sij hawm tuaj. Cov tag nrho cov nqi li cas rau 2221 rubles. Lub frigate ua tau los ntawm Lavxias teb sab shipbuilders Stepan Petrov thiab Yakov Poluektovym project aforesaid Cornelius van Beech. Warship "Dav dawb hau" muaj raws li nram no riam phom - 22 zaub mov (phom) caliber los ntawm rau mus rau ob txhais taw, 40 muskets, 40 pistols, tes grenades. Cov neeg coob yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm 56 - tus tauj ncov loj, neeg tsav nkoj 22 (raws li lwm qhov chaw, 20 seamen thiab 2 tub ceev xwm), 35 streltsi.

Tus menyuam txaj hauv lub Lavxias teb sab Navy

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov chaw rau qhov kev siv ntawm cov shipyard raug xaiv sensibly. Dedinovo zos ncav us txog raws ob lub ntug ntawm lub Oka River. Ntawm no yog ntoo qhib forests, nws yog ib qho zoo heev cov ntaub ntawv uas lub tsev. Ib tug squadron ntawm frigates, yachts thiab ob sloops rau lub Volga nyob rau hauv 1669, tuaj txog nyob rau hauv Astrakhan. Nkoj twb nruab nrog ib tug rau ko taw ob phom, txhua tus sloop tau squeaking ntawm tib caliber. Yog vim li cas xwb nyob rau hauv 1669, lub convoy tau txais mus rau Astrakhan? Qhov kev ncua yog vim muaj ib tug tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom, thiab cov warship "Dav dawb hau" rau yuam kom siv lub caij ntuj no nyob rau hauv lub Oka. Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm lub shipyard tau cim tsis tau tsuas yog cov me nyuam yug ntawm lub teb chaws rog, tab sis kuj pab mus rau rov tshwm sim Korabelniy charter thiab cov hiav txwv ua lag luam Lavxias teb sab chij. "Tsab xov xwm 34 tsab xov xwm" tau txais ua ntej sailing fleet ntawm plaub ships coj Galiota "Dav dawb hau" los ua tus tsab ntawm tus Charter ntawm cov rog. Tricolor, raws li ib txhia cov ntawv qhia, dhau lawm, yog invented no yog lub pav tua ya rau hauv lub "Dav dawb hau", Txawm hais tias raws li lwm qhov chaw, Peter kuv tus kheej kos nws invented xim, kev txiav txim thiab kev coj ntawm lub bands. Tus thawj nkoj "Dav dawb hau" lub npe hu ua nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm Lavxias teb sab lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab. Plaub Hlis Ntuj 25, 1669 muab ib tug decree ntawm awarding lub nkoj ntawm lub npe.

tu siab kawg

Nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj, lub hli ntawm lub frigate, txib los ntawm tus tauj ncov loj Butler thiab lwm yam cov hlab ntsha anchored nyob rau Astrakhan tua. Lub nroog tau raug ntes los ntawm cov neeg uas ntxeev siab peasants coj los Stepan Razin. Raws li ib co lus ceeb toom, lub ships raug hlawv los ntawm cov Cossacks Razin, nyob rau lwm yam, cov thawj nkoj "Dav dawb hau" tau defended ntau xyoo ntawm inaction nyob rau hauv lub channel Kutum li kom txog thaum tsis tuaj mus rau hauv tag nrho disrepair. Xws li ib tug txoj hmoo raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov frigate. Nws twb tsis tau destined rau sibroj siblaw merchant hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv Persia, hla Khvalynskoe (Caspian) hiav txwv. Tab sis nws yuav ib txwm ua tau tus thawj Lavxias teb sab warship. Peter kuv pheej mus xyuas thawj lub Lavxias teb sab shipyard thiab muab sau tseg tias thawj frigate, tab sis yog tsis tiav raws li nws lub hom phiaj, tab sis nws yog los ntawm nws mus rau tag nrho cov seamanship. Nws yog hais tias lub nkoj nyob rau hauv Admiralty tus kub tse qhia txog zoo heev rau tus naas ej Lavxias teb sab nkoj "Dav dawb hau".