Lub hwj chim ntawm lub foob pob poob rau Hiroshima. Nuclear thawj-tiam foob pob "Metub" thiab "Rog tus txiv neej"

Tus foundations ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm uranium fission yog thaum pib ntawm ib tug tshiab era ntawm tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv 1938. Thiab qhov no txhais tau tias tsis tau tsuas yog rau kev siv cov mas yuav kis tau txuj ci rau cov kev pab ntawm kev vam meej. Lub ntiaj teb no pom lub monstrous tug quab yuam ntawm lub foob pob. Muaj nyob rau hauv lub arsenal yog ib tug haib tshaj riam phom, cia li ib tug kov, koj yuav ua kom puas tag nrho ntiaj chaw. Keeb kwm qhia tau hais tias lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog pib nrog ib tug heev me me, me tsis sib haum. Lub ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm tsoom fwv nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov teb chaws - yuav tsum tau txawj ntse. Peb lub ntiaj teb no, ob peb yuav muaj sia nyob. Qhov yuav tshwm ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm ob Japanese lub zos nyob rau hauv 1945 kom meej meej paub meej tias cov lus no.

Tus thawj kev sib ntaus los siv ntawm lub atomic foob pob nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm

Lo lus teb rau lo lus nug: "Thaum lub poob tej tawg hem rau Hiroshima" yuav muab tej yam tus menyuam kawm ntawv: "Nyob rau hauv lub yav sawv ntxov ntawm lub thib rau nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj 1945". Thaum 8:15 am cov neeg coob ntawm ib tug bomber ntawm US cua quab yuam "Hav dej Enol" hom "B-29" rog tau lub Japanese nroog ntawm sophisticated riam phom, uas plaub tons. Lub npe muab rau tus thawj atomic foob pob - "Lub kas." Tsuas tua txog caum txhiab tus neeg nyob rau ntawm lub lub sij hawm ntawm tus nres. Nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no hnub tom qab ntawd - lwm 90,000, feem ntau los ntawm cov muaj zog hluav taws xob kis. Fais fab pob poob rau Hiroshima, nws mus txog nees nkaum kilotons nyob rau hauv TNT. Lub voos kheej-kheej ntawm kev puas tsuaj - ntau tshaj ib tug thiab ib tug ib nrab kilometers.

Qhov thib ob kev sib ntaus los siv ntawm lub atomic foob pob nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm

Lub hwj chim ntawm lub foob pob poob rau Hiroshima, yog ib nyuag tsawg tshaj li tus "Rog tus txiv neej", uas yog Lub yim hli ntuj 9, 1945 twb rov los ntawm tus Japanese nroog ntawm Nagasaki bomber nrog ib tug zoo xws li cov qauv li hais tias ntawm Hiroshima ( "Box tsheb"). Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub rog depots (kuj xam Yokohama thiab Kyoto) yog lub nroog ntawm Kokura, rau nws lub teb chaws twb tau teem rau lub attacking sab. Tab sis vim yog muaj zog huab hais kom hloov cov kev taw qhia ntawm aircraft davhlau.

Lub nroog muaj ib lub caij nyoog nyob lawm - yog pos huab hnub ntawd. Tab sis lub dav hlau yog faulty roj twj tso kua mis. Cov pab neeg muaj peev xwm mus xyuas tsuas yog ib cov ceg tawv, thiab cov uas tau ua li cas.

Japanese radar "pom" tus yeeb ncuab aircraft, tab sis nws tsis yog qhov hluav taws kub pib. Raws li ib tug version, cov tub rog coj lawv rau txoj kev ntse.

American pilots twb tau los xyuas txog cov teeb scattering ntawm huab thiab tus tsav, ntawm lub ntaem ntawm lub zos chaw ntau pob, nias tus qib. Foob pob poob deb tshaj lub hom phiaj. Timkhawv nco qab txog cov tawg ntawm tej hwj chim, uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev koom rau plaub kilometers ntawm Nagasaki.

unparalleled lub zog

Lub hwj chim ntawm lub tej tawg hem poob rau Hiroshima thiab Nagasaki, tag nrho cov mus txog qhov sib npaug ntawm ze li ntawm plaub caug kilotons. Hais txog nees nkaum ntawm lub "Rog tus txiv neej" thiab kaum yim nyob rau "cov me nyuam". Txawm li cas los, lub active tshuaj yog sib txawv. Hiroshima swept huab thiab uranium-235. Nagasaki twb puas lawm by raug plutonium-239.

Lub hwj chim ntawm lub foob pob poob rau Hiroshima, nws yog xws li hais tias tag nrho cov nroog infrastructure thiab feem coob ntawm cov vaj tse raug puas tsuaj lawm. Nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no ob peb hnub, hluav taws kub crews tau sib ntaus sib tua qhov hluav taws kub nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm ntau tshaj kaum ib square kilometers.

Nagasaki los ntawm loj seaport, qhov chaw ntawm shipbuilding kev lag luam thiab nyob rau hauv ruins rau ib tug lub sij hawm ntawd. Tag nrho cov nyob quavntsej, daig ib tug kilometer deb ntawm lub epicenter, raug tua instantly. Muaj zog hluav taws kub kuj tsis tu tsis tseg rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm, pab los ntawm ib tug muaj zog cua. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub nroog tseem lawm xwb kaum ob per ib npib tooj ntawm cov vaj tse.

davhlau crews

Cov npe ntawm cov neeg uas poob rau hauv lub tej tawg hem rau Hiroshima thiab Nagasaki, paub, lawv yeej tsis muab zais thiab lawv twb tsis txwv kom muab zais.

Cov neeg coob ntawm "Enola Gay" xws li muaj kaum ob.

Lub commander ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib yog Colonel Paul Tibbets. Nws yog nws leej twg xaiv tau lub aircraft yog tseem nyob rau hauv cov theem thiab coj feem ntau ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Kuv muab qhov kev txiav txim mus poob rau lub foob pob.

Thomas Ferebi, scorer - nws yog nyob rau hauv lub helm thiab raug thawb lub khawm cov. Nws suav hais tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws gunner nyob rau hauv lub US Cua Dag Zog Yuam.

Cov neeg coob ntawm tus aircraft "Box tsheb" consisted ntawm tsug kaum peb cov neeg.

Thaum lub helm yog cov neeg coob commander thiab ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws pilots ntawm lub US Cua Dag Zog Yuam Maj. Charlz Suini (thaum lub sij hawm thawj bombardment yog nyob rau hauv lub dav hlau escort). Nws xa ib tug pob rau lub Japanese nroog.

Lieutenant Dzhekob Bezer koom nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si keeb kwm bombing.

Tag nrho cov tau nyob ntev txaus lub neej. Thiab yuav luag tsis muaj ib tug yog thov txim txog dab tsi tau tshwm sim. Rau hnub tim, twb nyob tsis muaj ib lub ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm cov ob historic phab xis.

Yog nws tsim nyog?

Nws tau tshaj xya caum xyoo txij thaum lub ob tawm tsam. Kev tsis txaus siab txog lawv cov uas tsim nyog ua kom deb li deb. Tej zaum ntxias tias Japanese yuav sib ntaus sib tua kom kawg. Thiab ua tsov ua rog yuav luag nyob rau ob peb xyoo ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv tau txais kev cawmdim lub neej ntawm txhiab ntawm Soviet cov tub rog, uas tau tso ib tug tub rog lub lag luam nyob rau hauv lub Far East.

Lwm tus yog inclined mus ntseeg hais tias Nyiv yog npaj txhij mus surrender thiab cov txheej xwm 6 thiab 9 Lub yim hli ntuj 1945 lub Americans tsis muaj ntau tshaj li ib tug qhia tau tias dag zog yuam.

xaus

Txheej xwm twb coj qhov chaw, tsis muaj dab tsi yuav raug hloov. Lub monstrous hwj chim ntawm tus foob pob poob rau Hiroshima, thiab ces rau Nagasaki tsom deb npaum li cas cov neeg muaj peev xwm mus nrog ib tug riam phom ntawm kev ua pauj.

Tag nrho cov uas yog me ntsis kev cia siab, vim hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv lub prudence ntawm cov politicians, lawv muaj lub siab xav mus nrhiav ib tug hais nruab nrab nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem. Nws yog ib qhov tseem ceeb hauv paus rau kev tswj ib lub cev tsis kho kev sib haum xeeb.