Locks Kaliningrad Cheeb tsam: hauj lwm

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 13th nyob rau hauv dab tsi yog tam sim no Kaliningrad thiab hauv lub cheeb tsam muaj ib tug tsoom fwv ua los ntawm cov Teutonic Knights. Nyaum Knights Crusaders kov yeej Prussia nws av ua ke nrog ib tug network ntawm medieval castles thiab mus txuas ntxiv los lawv muaj lawv tus kheej tiv thaiv. Qhov strife nrog nyob sib ze Lithuania thiab Poland coj mus rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm tej chaw tiv thaiv thiab castles li zeb, raws li muaj tsis muaj lwm yam European medieval lub xeev.

Tag nrho cov Kaliningrad cheeb tsam xauv suav txog 40 cov vaj tse, yog tam sim no ib feem ntawm lawv yog fwm thiab hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej thiab neeg mus ncig tebchaws chaw, nws yog feem ntau muab rau tus xav tau kev pab ntawm txawv cov koom haum (piv txwv li, kawm ntawv qib siab, thiab txawm rau txim), ib feem puas lawm, thiab muaj cov neeg uas tsis tau dim ntawm tag nrho cov.

Balga

nws cov keeb kwm tsev fuabtais Balga nyob rau hauv lub Kaliningrad cheeb tsam yog yuam ua hauj lwm rau Prussia, uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua sis thib 5 ntawd fortress ua nyob rau hauv ib tug tswv yim qhov chaw - nyob rau ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm lub Gulf. Ntoo fortress King ntawm Prussia Widewuto pub zoo saib tag nrho cov bay. Nws yog ib qhov yam ntxwv nws tau attracted tus Teutons. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 13th, lawv tiv thaiv rau ib lub sij hawm ntev nrog rau lub fwjchim luj kawg nkaus ntawm no tseem ceeb lub tsev. 10 xyoo tom qab lub conquest ntawm cov neeg pej xeem Master ntawm lub Teutonic Order kom yuav tsum tau ua lub tsev rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ib tug ntoo, tsis yog tus hlawv tsev fuabtais, tshiab kev tsim kho ua los ntawm pob zeb.

Nws tsis yog ib tug fortress. Tus thawj qauv yog ib tug monumental tsev ntawm lub Convent, ua tau cov cib thiab teb pob zeb.

Txawm li cas los, txawm xws li ib tug loj-scale siv yog tsis spared lub sij hawm. Balga dhau los ntawm txhais tes mus rau tes rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov tswv, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th, nyob hauv lub tsev maj pib deteriorate. Nws pab rau qhov no thiab cov Swedish ua tsov ua rog, thaum lub sij hawm uas lub tsev fuabtais yog siv raws li ib tug tub rog puag. Tom qab, lub xauv ua lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub tsev noj mov, thiab txawm lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub lighthouse. Qhov kawg taw tes rau hauv nws cov keeb kwm tau xa los ntawm King Frederick thawj thaum pib ntawm lub 18th caug xyoo. Nws pib lub tsev Pilau tsev fuabtais, pob zeb rau qhov kev siv ntawm cov uas tau kom coj los ntawm cov phab ntsa hauv Balga.

Little los mus rau revive lub qub hwjchim ci ntsa iab enthusiasts muaj npaum li cas nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Tourists nyob rau hauv lub Kaliningrad cheeb tsam cov xauv, xws li nyob rau hauv Balga exposition attracted regional tsev cia puav pheej txog keeb kwm ntawm lub Teutonic Knights, tab sis lwm tus tsov rog thaum kawg muab lub tsev fuabtais nyob rau hauv ruins. Lub bombing ntawm lub 45th cia tshuav tsis muaj pob zeb unturned.

Dua li no, Balga tseem attracts tourists, txawm li cas los, tsis tau tsuas yog rau nws ruins, yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam kev nplua nuj, nyob hauv thaj av uas nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Tej chaw no yuav cia teeming nrog shells thiab khib nyiab ntawm ob ntiaj teb rog, uas attracts lovers cov khoom muaj nqis nrhiav. Nyob rau hauv zoo tshav ntuj huab cua no yog zoo nkauj heev - qhov ruins, poob amid centuries-laus ntoo thuv thiab views ntawm lub Gulf ntawm Riga ua qhov chaw no heev picturesque.

Cov neeg uas xav los qhuas cov tawg tsam ntawm tus aub tsiv thiab foundation Balga xav tau mus rau lub chaw nres tsheb Tshiab Znamenka, uas yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov kev koom ntawm Mamonovo thiab Ladushki. Txawm li cas los, los ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb rau lub tsev fuabtais ntau li ntau raws li 5 kilometers, li ntawd, zoo dua mus muaj los ntawm lub tsheb.

Tsev fuabtais Georgenburg

Kaliningrad thaj av ntawd muaj ib tug tag nrho ntawm peb zoo-fwm tsev fuabtais. Ib tug ntawm lawv - Georgenburg. Nws yog situated nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws uas niaj hnub Chernichovsky thiab attracts tourists tsis tau tsuas yog rau nws cov tours, tab sis lub NQHAJ ntawm lub tib lub npe, npe nrov thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no.

Lub tsev fuabtais yog ua nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 13th, precisely ntau nyob rau hauv no lub sij hawm tau ua tus thawj tej chaw tiv thaiv. Ib puas xyoo tom qab, lawv rov ua thawj ntoo tsev fuabtais, thiab tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb. Ntau xyoo dhau los Georgenburg pheej raug mus rau lub siege thiab kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov Lithuanians, Tatars, Swedes. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub lub sij hawm nws sim rov qab, tab sis lub ntsoog ntawm 1997 yog tsis tau tso cai los mus ua hauj lwm thiab rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, lub tsev fuabtais yog nyob rau hauv poob. Niaj hnub no, nws yog muaj los ntawm lub ROC thiab maj mam recovering.

Brandenburg

Brandenburg Tsev fuabtais nyob rau hauv lub Kaliningrad cheeb tsam, tab sis, theej, nws ruins yuav tsum tau mus xyuas nyob rau hauv lub zos Ushakovo (uas ua ntej lub Great Patriotic coj qhws ib lub npe rau hauv tsev fuabtais). Brandenburg ua tau nyob rau hauv nruab nrab lub xyoo pua 13th, ib tug tshwj xeeb tswv yim qhov chaw - nyob rau navigable dej chaw nres nkoj uas opens lub rooj vag sib sib zog nqus Prussian pawg neeg thaj av. Brandenburg tau ua ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntshav nyob rau hauv lub network ntawm Teutonic castles, txuas Balga thiab Konigsberg. Ntawm no yog muab rau tus loj tshaj thaj neeb ntawm qhov kev txiav txim - ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig uas Yexus tuag saum ntoo khaublig.

Lub ob ntiaj teb rog puam tsuaj Brandenburg, raws li zoo li ntau lwm castles ntawm lub Kaliningrad cheeb tsam. Tom qab nws kawm tiav nyob rau hauv tseem muaj sia nyob tis ntawm cov hostel raug txhim tsa rau cov neeg tsiv teb los ntawm cov Soviet Union, txawm li cas los, lub tsev fuabtais poob mus rau hauv disrepair thiab tau mus txog 2013 yog nyob rau lub verge ntawm extinction. Rau hnub tim, nws tau thaum kawg coj mus rau lub restoration thiab nws yog nquag muab kev koom tes tuaj pab dawb.

Waldau

Locks Kaliningrad cheeb tsam rau feem ntau yog ib feem yog nyob rau hauv ua kom puas, tab sis Waldau Tsev fuabtais - ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws fwm vaj tse ntawm cov Prussian nyob rau hauv lub Kaliningrad cheeb tsam. Lub tsev fuabtais yog nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Lower nce mus txog ze rau Kaliningrad, tau mus rau nws los ntawm lub tsheb npav.

Tsev fuabtais lub npe los ntawm lub Slavic "valdati" ntsiab lus "nyias muaj nyias", thiab tus thawj ntawm nws cov tswv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 13th yog lub Prussian princes, uas tau muab rau lub tsev fuabtais Teutons nyob rau hauv ua tsaug rau nws kev pab rau qhov kev txiav txim. Ntau precisely, nws twb pauv mus rau ib thaj av zajlus, qhov twg lub fortress ua tau. Nws yog feem ntau tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug qhov chaw nkaum mus rau lub Knights ntawm qhov kev txiav txim thiab rau cov pov thawj, uas cov kwv tij mus rau cov pawg neeg thaj av.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th lub tsev fuabtais yog rebuilt nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais, thiab nws raws li txoj cai sawv. Waldau los ua lub caij ntuj sov chaw nyob ntawm tus tswv ntawm qhov kev txiav txim. Lub tsev fuabtais yog nto moo rau qhov tseeb hais tias noj Peter lub Great nyob rau hauv 1697.

Nyob rau hauv lub 18th xyoo pua nws twb tsis tau mus rau lub Prussian tsoom fwv, thiab nws cov xauj ua liaj ua teb academy. Qhov chaw ua hauj coj cov phab ntsa hauv lub tsev fuabtais kom txog rau thaum 2007. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub yav dhau los, lub tis kuj tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug dormitory rau lub academy, uas tom qab hloov mus rau hauv lub 2,5-xyoo pua tsev kawm ntawv. Conversion mus txawv xav tau kev pab, nyob rau hauv ib tes, tso cai rau txuag lub tsev fuabtais ntawm kev puas tsuaj, rau lwm cov tes, yuav luag muab zais ntsej muag ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub tsev fuabtais, tab sis nws noble ancient yav dhau los peeps los ntawm cov restructuring thiab restoration. Lwm nthuav qhov tseeb yog tias lub Waldau fwm thawj medieval cellars, uas tsis tau khaws cia lwm yam zoo xws xauv Kaliningrad cheeb tsam.

Duab pub peb los laij rau tus zoo nkauj ntawm cov hnub qub thiab lug, tab sis nws yog zoo dua mus ntsib nws nyob, qhov ntau li ntawd vim hais nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Waldau muaj thiab ib tug tsev cia puav pheej. Los ntawm 750th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev fuabtais (uas yog ua kev zoo siab nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev loj nyob rau hauv 2014), lub tsev cia puav pheej tau npaj khoom plig rau tourists thiab lovers ntawm antiquity - yav tas los tso tseg thaj chaw tau ntxuav thiab qhib rau qhov, raws li zoo raws li tau tshem medieval zoo.

Cob phum miv pub rau tau ntsib nrog rau cov archeological tshawb pom nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub tsev fuabtais, nrog rau keeb kwm ntawm Prussia, lub Teutonic Kev txiav txim thiab lub tsev fuabtais nws tus kheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tsev cia puav pheej qhia zaj dab neeg ntawm yuav ua li cas nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab cuam tshuam rau Napoleonic kev tsov kev rog.

Kenigsberg

Nyob rau hauv lub Kaliningrad rau hauv txoj kev Shevchenko, tsev 2 yog rau lub ruins ntawm ib qho ntawm feem nthuav castles, tsis tsuas zog ntawm Guj kuj, tiam sis tag nrho cov ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Qhov no tsev fuabtais Konigsberg, uas muab lub npe thiab lub neej ntawm cov niaj hnub Kaliningrad. Xub thawj, lub zos ntawm tib lub npe nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tsev fuabtais loj hlob mus rau ib tug me me lub zos, thiab tom qab ntawd muab mus rau hauv ib tug loj lub nroog. Thiab lub ruins ntawm lub tsev fuabtais attracts tourists tsis tau tsuas yog rau nws cov antiquity thiab nthuav tsev cia puav pheej yuav teev cia, tab sis kuj yog ib tug aura ntawm paub tsis meej, vim hais tias, raws li archaeologists thiab historians, qhov chaw faus no mysterious Amber Room.

Königsberg Tsev fuabtais ua tau los ntawm Teutonic Knights nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-lub xyoo pua 13th, nws tom qab tuaj mus rau hauv lub muaj Prussia, twb rebuilt rau tus huab tais, ces lawv muaj tus German tub ceev xwm. Qhov ntev keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev fuabtais cia los ntawm ib tug ntau ntawm cov tseem ceeb keeb kwm cov txheej xwm. Yog li ntawd, nws twb crowned Prussian rulers, lawv coj Peter lub Great thiab lub Lavxias teb sab emperors thiab Napoleon. Muaj nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais, thiab lwm yam festive txheej xwm, festivals, miv thiab fairs.

Lub ob ntiaj teb rog tag pov tseg rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais thiab cov ruins tau tso tseg ua ntej 1993. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no, Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences nrog ib nrab nyiaj txiag ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees muaj nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Königsberg excavations mus nrhiav rau lub Amber Room. Ib tug version ntawm nws disappearance - yog faus rau hauv qab lub ruins ntawm lub tsev fuabtais tsaus muag. Excavations txuas ntxiv kom txog thaum 2007, tab sis tsis tas rau lawv, ib ntus khov hauv peb tes num. Lub Amber Room yeej tsis tau pom, tab sis khawb ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm keeb kwm tseem ceeb. Qhov no thiab tsev neeg cov khoom los ntawm txawv eras, pib nrog rau cov kev siv ntawm lub tsev fuabtais nyob rau hauv lub 14th caug xyoo, thiab cov architectural ntsiab ntawm lub tsev fuabtais (ntau yog tam sim tshaaj nyob rau hauv qhib exhibition Koenigsberg tsev cia puav pheej), thiab txawm ib co nthuav tshawb pom raws li daim card underground ntau.

Niaj hnub no Kenigsberg - nws yog ib tug tsev cia puav pheej, uas yog hu ua tus "xyuas seb puas" rau ib tug tshwj xeeb sab nraum zoov raug. Tu ncua siv no thiab fairs, uas yuav npaj lub reconstruction ntawm knightly sib ntaus los. Tourists yuav tau sim kom tau sai dlua medieval riam phom, muas souvenirs thiab artisans txaus siab tshwj xeeb khoom.

Nesselbeck

Qhov no tsev fuabtais yog hu ua xwb active nyob rau hauv lub Kaliningrad cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb Nesselbeck - qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug yeej muaj tseeb tsev fuabtais, qhov no lub tsev so thiab tsev noj mov yog ib tug niaj hnub siv, uas, li cas los xij, kuj meej recreates qhov zoo ntawm ib tug yeej muaj tseeb Teutonic tsev fuabtais. Nws ntseg ib tsev cia puav pheej uas qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm qhov kev txiav txim, raws li zoo raws li muaj ib tug los txhais mob siab rau medieval tsim txom. Yog li, Nesselbeck yuav ua tau ib qho zoo heev kev xaiv rau ib tug neeg mus ncig tebchaws mus txawv tebchaws los Kaliningrad - soj ntsuam qhabnias castles txawj ntxiv skilfully rov qab los medieval cua. Lub tsev so nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Orlovka (Kaliningrad cheeb tsam). Lub tsev fuabtais muaj kev pab raws li invites mus rau ib tug lub tsev noj mov, tsev ua npiav thiab spa.