Lo lus nrog cov tom qab "chik": sau ntawv cov kev cai thiab cov piv txwv

Yuav ua li cas lus suffixed -chik-, -schik- koj paub? Teb rau lo lus nug no yuav luag txhua leej txhua tus. Txawm hais tias muaj ib co neeg uas yog tsis meej pem txog qhov chaw morpheme cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, tsab xov xwm cuav, peb txiav txim siab los muab nws mus rau qhov kev kawm.

Txheej txheem cej luam

Npe nrog lub suffix -chik- yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ib tsab ntawv mus rau ib tug morpheme li -schik-. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov no yog ib tug tas nrho kev ua yuam kev. Tom qab tag nrho, muaj ib tug nruj txoj cai nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus, uas ncaj qha hais tias tus ntawv "h" yuav tsum muab sau nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, thiab nyob rau hauv uas - "u".

nta suffix

Yuav ua li cas sau ntawv thiab hais tias, "perepisschik" los yog "sau"? Tsis yog txhua txhua paub cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no. Txawm li cas los, cov kws txawj hais tias xws li ib tug lexical tsev muaj -chik- suffix. Thiaj li, qhov yuav tsum tau kom raug sau "scribe." Txawm tias thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub hais yog tsim nyog xwb los siv tau cov kev xaiv thawj.

Cov yooj yim txoj cai

Raws li koj tau pom, -chik- suffix thiab suffix -schik- yuav yooj yim heev ua rau ib tug ntau ntawm xav phem cais tsis hais txog lawv cov sau ntawv nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem. Yog vim li cas cov kws txawj pom zoo kom yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov kev cai ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus, uas piav txog cov kev xaiv ntawm ib tug morpheme. Rau cov neeg uas tsis paub, cia xav txog tej yam nws txoj cai tam sim no.

Yog hais tias tus kav ntawm npe xaus nyob rau hauv consonants, xws li "t", "g", "d", "c" thiab "z", tom qab lawv yuav tsum tau sau tsuas yog tus suffix -chik-. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim hais tias qhov no txoj cai tau ua ntau cuab kev, muab ib tug ob peb piv txwv piv txwv:

• tshuab txhais lus;
• pilots;
• neeg kho kav dej;
• hawkers;
• Carrier;
• hais dabneeg;
• newspaperman;
• rangers;
• Teamsters;
• copyist;
• Cab tsav tsheb;
• rangers;
• defectors;
• muaj;
• tshuab gunner;
• neeg txhab dej caw;
• pereskaZchik;
• scouts;
• carvers;
• greaser;
• nyoob hoom qav taub tsav;
• cov neeg muas zaub;
• bookbinder;
• porters;
• loaders;
• haulers;
• transmitters thiab thiaj li nyob.

Raws li koj tau pom, feem ntau ntawm cov hais lo lus rau qhov no los yog hais tias txoj hauj lwm. Nrog rau cov tom qab -chik- kuj siv xws lexical units uas rau npe ntawm cov neeg uas raws li teej tug mus rau ib tug qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw nyob thiab haiv neeg.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tau nco ntsoov

Tam sim no, koj paub, dab tsi yog cov lus nrog cov tom qab -chik- nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus (piv txwv ntawm cov lo lus tau hais saum toj no). Txawm li cas los, ib tug yuav tsum paub tsis tau tsuas yog cov saum toj no txoj cai rau lub tseeb sau ntawm hais tias lexical units. Tom qab tag nrho, ib tug loj heev pes tsawg tus neeg kuas nyuas siv zug xws uas tsis raws li:

• faib -chik- + tom qab yuav tsum "razdachchik";
• -chik- tavern + tom qab yuav tsum "kabakchik";
• tsuas + tom qab yuav -chik- "dobychchik" thiab thiaj on.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov no yog tsis ncaj ncees lawm lo lus tsim. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv no account nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus muaj ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib txoj cai, uas nyeem hais tias raws li nram no: ua ntej lub tom qab -chik- cov tsiaj ntawv zoo li "p", "k" thiab "ch" yog hloov nrog tsab ntawv "t". Ntawm no yog ib tug tiag tiag li piv txwv:

• Distributing + -chik- suffix yuav "distributor";
• Kabakov -chik- + tom qab yuav tsum "Se";
• -chik- tsuas + tom qab yuav tsum "getters" thiab thiaj on.

Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, muab lub suffix -schik-?

Tam sim no koj paub hais tias tej zaum nws yog tsim nyog los sau cov lo lus uas tus suffix -chik-. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus yog tsis yooj yim dua, thiab xws li lexical units, uas siv morpheme -schik-. Raws li nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los cov ntaub ntawv, ib tug tom qab yuav muab tso nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm npe uas tsim ib lub npe ntawm cov txivneej uas muaj qhov no los yog hais tias txoj hauj lwm, koom nyob rau hauv tej yam hauj lwm, raws li zoo raws li teej tug mus rau tej haiv neeg los sis qhov chaw nyob.

Tsis tas li ntawd -schik- morpheme yog sau nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias lub hauv paus ntawm ib tus xaus nyob rau hauv lwm cov consonants lwm tshaj vyshepredstavlennyh ( "t", "g", "d", "c" thiab "z"). Ntawm no yog ib tug tiag tiag li piv txwv:

• lub instigator;
• debater;
• compositor;
• lub raug them nyiaj yug;
• reinsurer;
• Maas;
• neeg dag;
• spinner;
• welder;
• drummer;
• saib xyuas thaj tsam;
• neeg xauj tsev;
• Sawyer;
• glazier;
• neeg nqa khoom;
• Driller;
• passer;
• mason;
• collector;
• collier;
• roofer;
• ib tug trailer;
• packer;
• polisher;
• herdsman;
• Planer;
• lamplighter, thiab hais txog.

Txawv teb chaws lus

Raws li hais saum toj no, lo lus uas muaj lub suffix -chik- sau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tus kav xaus nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv nram qab: "t", "g", "d", "c" thiab "z". Ces nws begs rau lo lus nug ntawm yog vim li cas ib co lexical units siv morpheme -schik-, txawm yog hais tias nws muaj ib lub hauv paus ntawm qhov kawg ntawm tsab ntawv "T". Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov no yog tsis ib lo lus-kev zam, thiab tsuas yog hais lwm yam lus ntawv no.

Yog li, ib txhia lexical khoom uas dhau nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus nrog ib tug txawv teb chaws lus, peev xwm yuav tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv lub suffix -schik-, txawm hais tias nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm tsab ntawv "t" yog ib tus sawv. Tab sis qhov no tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv yog hais tias tus hais lwm yam lus lo lus xaus nyob rau hauv ob consonants. Ntawm no yog ib tug tiag tiag li piv txwv:

• Feem Pua - percenter;
• Asphalt - asfaltSchIK thiab lwm tus neeg.

"Mos kos npe rau" Kuv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau?

Nyob rau thaum cov lus sau nrog cov tom qab -chik-, thiab thaum twg tom qab -schik-, peb pom tawm. Txawm li cas los, thaum lub sij hawm sau ntawv ntawm npe feem ntau tshwm sim ib lo lus nug: seb puas yuav muab tso rau qhov muag kos npe rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub morpheme -schik-? Tom qab tag nrho, ib tug loj heev pes tsawg tus neeg feem ntau sau lus hais raws li nram no:

• zachinschik;
• betonschik;
• tabunschik;
• fonarschik thiab thiaj li nyob.

Yuav ua li cas yog vim li cas? Qhov tseeb yog hais tias raws li lub "u" yog ib tug mos mos daim ntawv thiab nws feem ntau softens lub suab li tias ib txhia neeg sau ntawv mus rau nws "s". Txawm li cas los, nws tsis yog lawm. Tseeb, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus, thiab nyob rau hauv no hwm yog nws txoj cai. Nws hais tias cov mos mos daim ntawv yuav tsum tau sau ntawv nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm npe tsuas yog tom qab lub "l". Ntawm no yog ib tug tiag tiag li piv txwv:

• roofer;
• glazier;
• lub raug them nyiaj yug;
• spinner;
• Sawyer;
• Driller;
• neeg nqa khoom;
• collier;
• roofer;
• Planer, thiab hais txog.

paub qhov txawv lus

Lo lus nrog cov tom qab -chik- yuav tsum tau sau ib daim ntawv xwb yog hais tias tus noun kav xaus nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj ntawv zoo li "T", "g", "d", "c" thiab "z". Tab sis yuav ua li cas ces mus rau piav qhia txog qhov txawv ntawm lexical units li Kalachik, rooj zaum, cib tseem ceeb me nyuam tub, ntiv tes, dib lub rooj zaum, lub pob, thiab li ntawm.? Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov xa lus suffix tshwm tsis -chik- thiab -ik-. Raws li rau tsab ntawv "h", ces nws yog ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib suffix los yog ib feem ntawm lub hauv paus. Uas yog vim li cas cov lexical units yog tsis raug mus rau saum toj txoj cai. Ntxiv mus, qhov no morpheme yog interleaved (-IR - / - EK). Thiab nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim tau mus xyuas nws cov spelling yuav tsum tsis yooj yim lo lus. Yog li -ek- suffix muab tso nyob rau hauv cov lexical units, uas tus declination cim "e" ntog. Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv:

• granddaughters - granddaughter;
• svistochek - whistles;
• tswb - tswb;
• ogonochek - ogonochka;
• nplooj - nplooj;
• riam - riam;
• stebelochek - stebelochka;
• pob - pob;
• tus tub - tub;
• rauj - ib tug rauj;
• Paj - paj thiab thiaj li nyob.

Raws li rau lub suffix -ik-, nws yog sau nyob rau hauv cov lus uas cov poob "thiab" ua cim yog fwm. Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv:

• rooj zaum - settee;
• me nyuam tub - ib tug me nyuam tub;
• Kalachik - txog li;
• dib - dib;
• cib - cib;
• tseem ceeb - tus yuam sij;
• rooj zaum - lub rooj zaum;
• ntiv tes - ntiv tes;
• ntsej muag - me ntsis lub ntsej muag;
• pob - ib lub pob, thiab hais txog.