Leej twg yog cov Mujahideen? Afghan thiab Syrian Mujahideen

Rau hnub tim, muaj ntau ntau yam radical pawg nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no uas tseem tabtom los ntawm kev quab yuam mus cuag ib txhia ntawm lawv cov hom phiaj. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm koj yuav kawm uas lub Mujahideen. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav nyeem tau hais txog cov feem ntau pab pawg thiab lawv qhov chaw.

Leej twg yog cov Mujahideen?

Qhov no lus armed pawg uas nws aim yog mus tua rau txoj kev ntseeg. Lawv muaj ib tug radical orientation. Hais tias yog, mus daws tau lawv tej teeb meem, lawv siv txias hlau thiab phom. Txij thaum pib ntawm nws lub neej, thiab lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub lig 70s, lub Mujahideen raug xam tias yog rebels, uas yog sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv lub invading cov yeeb ncuab, cov infidels nyob rau hauv lawv lub teb chaws. Qhov loj tshaj plaws pab pawg neeg yog Afghanistan.

Mus tsim ntawm lub zos cov txiv neej uas tsis muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov kev pab tub rog. Lawm, lub Mujahideen Army yuav tsum tau tas li thiab muaj ntau heev cov nyiaj, yog li lawv yog feem ntau xav nyob rau hauv lub redistribution ntawm lub hwj chim thiab spheres ntawm lub hwj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd tseem muaj Syrian Afghan thiab Chechen formations.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm tshwm sim ntawm lub Afghan Mujahideen

Nws pib nyob rau hauv 1979, thaum Soviet troops nkag mus hauv lub teb chaws. Lawv lub ntsiab hauj lwm yog mus tua tawm tsam cov "kev kawm" kev ua ub no ntawm lub Union thiab nws cov me nyuam no yuav ntxeev tau txoj tam sim no tsoom fwv. Txawm li cas los, cov pab pawg neeg twb disbanded tom qab tsov rog. Lawv tsim lwm lub zog - qhov Taliban. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias Afghan Mujahideen muaj lwm lub npe - "spooks."

Lub ntsiab tsav tsheb quab yuam ntawm cov pab pawg lawm thiab tseem yog tus txoj kev ntseeg. Hais tias yog, lawv pib mus rau "dawb huv tsov ua rog" jihad nrog tag nrho cov neeg uas tsis qhia txog lawv cov views. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub Afghans muaj kev seb tuaj mus rau muab tua tas cov Muslim infidels. Rau qhov no, raws li cov Mujahideen, lawv yuav tsum tau mus rau saum ntuj ceeb tsheej tom qab kev tuag.

Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, cov rebels yuav tsis yeej ib txwm yuav txawv los ntawm ib tug thaj yeeb pej xeem. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias tus spooks tau hnav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li tus neeg zoo tib: nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim lub tsho, dub waistcoat thiab phuam.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab pawg ntawm cov kev ua ub no

Thaum koj paub tias leej twg lub Mujahideen, nyeem txog yuav ua li cas lawv twb sib ntaus sib tua. Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, cov ntxeev siab pab tub rog raug faib mus rau hauv pawg neeg uas txawv nyob rau hauv loj thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg. Lub ntsiab qhia ntawm cov kev ua ub yog:

- kev ua ntawm kev ua phem;

- kev ua phem ua hauj lwm;

- missile tawm tsam nyob rau hauv aircraft thiab av sib ntaus los units ntawm Soviet troops;

- tos kev tua nrog tsuas xaiv yaam cuab tam (mas sau);

- firing rau convoys ntawm lub tsheb nrog cov tub rog thiab humanitarian aid.

Tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm cov Mujahideen nyob rau hauv 1989 lees paub rau ib tug peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib lab cov neeg. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias lawv ua peculiar. Ntawd ces yog pab pawg twb sim mus rau bypass ib tug ncaj qha clash nrog cov kev pab tub rog, uas, ntawm chav kawm, superior rau lawv nyob rau hauv xov tooj. Txawm li cas los, lawv tsis muaj cai ib full-scale ua rog tawm tsam cov invaders, tsis tau sim mus coj ib tawg-off khoom rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm thiab feem ntau ua poob nthav.

Nthuav radical tsim thawj sim rau kev active dag cov neeg nyob hauv zos, uas qhia txog tus "yeeb ncuab" infidels uas xav mus txeeb lawv cov av. Vim li no cov lawv ua tau kom lwm civilians. Tom ntej no, nrog kev pab los ntawm kev ua ntawm kev ua phem thiab ua phem paves txoj kev rau tag nrho kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus yeeb ncuab. Ib tug tom qab ua ntau cheb ntawm tus yeeb ncuab.

armed insurgents

Tam sim no uas koj paub tias leej twg lub Mujahideen, lub sij hawm tau tuaj qhia rau dab tsi zoo ntawm kev sib ntaus los hwj chim uas lawv muaj. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, kuv yuav tsum hais tias tag nrho cov riam phom uas yog siv los ntawm lub rebels, twb yuav nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj thiab lub teb chaws As Mes Lis Kas. Nyob rau qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm cov chav nyob tau Kalashnikovs, desyatizaryadnye BUR phom, tshuab phom, loj-caliber, RPGs, quab yuam phom M-16A1, mortars thiab loj-caliber phom. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv yog nruab nrog anti-aircraft phom thiab tsuas sib, portable ceg rau txoj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov aircraft.

Txawm nyob rau hauv lub Mujahideen arsenal twb anti-tank thiab anti-neeg mines, grenades thiab bombs. Vim xws armed tub rog rebels, lossi tau nyiaj los ntawm cov uas xav paub, yuav ua rau loj puas tsuaj rau tus yeeb ncuab pab tub rog. Tom qab tag nrho, txhua leej txhua tus paub yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam Soviet cov tub rog raug tua nyob rau hauv Afghanistan.

Cov thawj coj ntawm radical pab pawg thiab lawv cov phoojywg

Yog hais tias txog leej twg lub Mujahideen, koj twb nyeem, koj yuav tej zaum xav uas coj cov pab pawg. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws cov thawj coj ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm radicals yog: Ismail Khan, Abdul Ali Mazari, hais tias Mansour thiab lwm tus neeg.

Tsis tas li ntawd, ob peb lub sij hawm tus neeg pab cov thawj coj sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv alliances. Cov thawj xws union tau raug tsa nyob rau hauv 1982 thiab twb hu ua "Peshawar Xya". Lub tsev hauv paus tsim yog nyob rau hauv Pakistan. Lub "Alliance Yim" tau raug tsa. Nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm txhua muaj, ntsig txog, 7 thiab 8 Afghanistan ob tog.

Afghan Mujahideen muaj cov phoojywg: MI6 (British txawj ntse), cov CIA, lub tebchaws United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, Tuam Tshoj thiab Iran. Kev ua ub no ntawm pab pawg pab nyiaj los ntawm sponsorship, unprofessional kub tsuas, raws li zoo raws li lub qhov muag ntawm cov tshuaj.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub Syrian Mujahideen

Kuv yuav tsum hais tias xws li ib tug radical ua ntawm kev kawm ntawv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Afghanistan. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Syria mojaheds - ntau tshaj 400 pawg, uas ua tiv thaiv lub hwj chim ntawm lub tib lub radical txoj kev. Ib tug loj loj cawv rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm xws li ib tug lub zog muaj Saudi Arabia, uas pab rau lub "Cov tub rog ntawm Islam".

Ib tug feature tshwj xeeb los ntawm koom haum yog tias tsuas yog PatientsÕ lub cev rau lawv yog Sharia. Lawm, ua ntej lub rov tshwm sim ntawm Army tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Syria spheres ntawm lub hwj, los ntawm cov uas lub taub hau ntxeev siab steel mojaheds radicals. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias cov mej zeej ntawm cov pab pawg kuj tshwm sim kev sib tsoo.

Rau hnub tim, lub feem ntau influential pab pawg neeg nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yog lub "Brigade ntawm Islam", uas nruj me ntsis competes nrog rau lwm cov koom haum. Tus nab npawb ntawm Mujahideen nyob rau hauv Syria hnub no yog sai ua.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kev ua ub ntawm Chechen Mujahideen

Sawv cev pab pawg neeg raug tsim thaum lub sij hawm thawj Lavxias teb sab ntxeem tau ntawm Chechnya nyob rau hauv 1994. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, lub Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog yuav tsum coj tswj ntawm unrecognized kev kawm ntawv - Chechen koom pheej ntawm Ichkeria. Txawm li cas los, ib tug tshaj dhau zog uas cog noob Secession los ntawm Russia thiab tsim lawv tus kheej lub xeev, tsis xav kom muab. Chechen Mujahideen tau launched active tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, tab sis thoob plaws Russia.

Cov kev ua ub ua kom pom tseeb coj tuav thiab tseem ua ntawm kev ua phem thiab ua phem ua hauj lwm. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias Chechen radical tsim yog tseem heev txaus ntshai thiab mus txuas ntxiv lawv "kev tsov kev rog ntawm liberation".

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txawv lub Mujahideen thiab cov Taliban?

Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, lub ntsiab unifying tau ntawm cov pab pawg yog rau kev "dawb huv tsov ua rog". Txawm li cas los, lub Taliban thiab lub Mujahideen muaj ntau views nyob rau txoj kev ntawm confrontation. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tsoos jihad entitles winning sab nrog impunity mus nyiag thiab mock surrendered pejxeem. Tej kev coj thiab opted rau lub Taliban. Lawv lub ntsiab hauj lwm yog lub koom haum ntawm lub xeev, tsis muaj uas tus Sharia yuav tsis ua. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub ntsiab tsav tsheb quab yuam yog kev ntseeg ntawm cov Taliban. Khoom qhov tseem ceeb yog tsis tseem ceeb rau lawv. Vim hais tias ntawm lawv cov ignorance, cov neeg no yog siab phem heev.

Raws li rau lub Mujahideen, lawv yuav mus deb ntawm tej kev cai (thiab xwb txij li thaum 1992). Tus aim ntawm lawv tawm tsam yog tswj cov kev pab. Lawv yog cov ntau educated thiab tsis tso tseg lub vaj tse.