Leej twg hais tias: "Mov ci thiab circuses" - ob txhiab xyoo dhau los?

Leej twg hais tias: "Mov ci thiab circuses"? Satirist Juvenal nyob yuav luag ob txhiab xyoo dhau los nyob rau hauv lub Roman faj tim teb chaws. Nws saib tsis taus cov neeg uas, es tsis txhob tu lawv txoj kev ywj pheej, tsuas yog xav nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov thiab kev lom zem.

Cov poob ntawm lub Roman faj tim teb chaws

Nws uas hais tias: "Mov ci thiab circuses" - ntseeg hais tias cov plebs thiab patricians tau ntev deviated los ntawm lub heroic qauv ntawm tus cwj pwm, lawv tsis quav ntsej hais tias lawv ua yog criminal, cia li mus rau lub xeev, thiab feem ntau luv luv-sighted tus cwj pwm. Lawv yog cov heev txaus siab hais tias cov Roman legions yuav tsuas ua lub barbarians, thiab lawv tsis xav kom xav tias qhov no yuav tsum tau ua raws. Nws uas hais tias: "Mov ci thiab circuses" - ua tsaug Radel txog lawv lub teb chaws. seb nws twb paub nws iab hmoo thiab tag nrho neej puas 300 xyoo tom qab nws cov lus ib qho nyuaj rau hais. Nws yuav tsis yog zoo li rau pem hauv ntej. Nws tsuas xav tias nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug teeb meem no tsis muaj dab tsi zoo tos rau lub teb chaws. Thiab nws lub tsev raws li ib tug yeej muaj tseeb tus pej xeem, nws hlub.

Cov cwm pwm ntawm cov kws sau paj lug-satirist

Paub meej ntawm tus sau lub neej sayings historians paub me ntsis. Biographers tau pom tawm hais tias nws tau yug los nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Aquino, thiab yog ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm rhetoric Quintilian. Thaum ncav neeg laus, nws ironically nyob rau hauv nws satires piav txog kev kawm zej zog. Rich Rome, uas yog tseem heev nrees tuav, tsis xav conquest thiab expansion ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman. Tus sau mus rau hauv exile nyob rau hauv Egypt, tsis tsuas yog rau cov cov lus: "Cov neeg xav tau kev khob cij thiab circuses." Leej twg hais tias qhov no, nws kuj sau tau ntau satires, uas reflected lub morality ntawm kev kawm haiv neeg, uas tau nyob rau hauv ib qhov influx ntawm qhev ntawm kev phem sab sauv cov chav kawm ntawv thiab unwillingness ua dab tsi nyob rau hauv lub qis. Tag nrho raws li cov kev ntxiv fertilizing (kev xiab nyiaj), khob cij, wine thiab roj ntawm lub plebs thiab lub koom haum rau lawv dawb ntawm ntshav gladiator fights nrog cov neeg thiab cov tsiaj qus.

Chaw satirical qhia

Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm Nero, lo lus "cov mov thiab cov circuses" los ua ib tug yuav tsum tau muaj ib tug npau taws mob. Rau nws, hais tias tsis muaj kev ntxeev siab, muab cov zaub mov thiab cawv txiv hmab. Ces qaug dej qaug cawv neeg mus rau lub circus thiab lub arena, reveling nyob rau hauv ntshav thiab tsis hlub leejtwg li battles. Lawv kiag unspiritual, qias neeg, tab sis impressive. Yog li bared tag nrho cov ntxhib thiab uncouth mob instincts. Nws uas hais tias: "Mov ci thiab circuses" - yog ib tug tim khawv ntawm tus cuj pwm lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm tag nrho cov nplais ntawm cov haiv neeg.

Qhov tseeb ntawm cov nqe lus hnub no

Txoj cai cynical nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Nws yog li ntawd tseem muaj tseeb hais tias: "Cov neeg xav tau kev khob cij thiab circuses." Leej twg hais tias kab lus no, tsis paub hais tias nws yuav nyob twj ywm rau txhiab xyoo. Nws sau, Decius Yuniy Yuvenal, thiab yuav tsis xav tias hais tias qhov no cov lus hais tias tom qab ob txhiab xyoo yuav tuaj tos thiab yuav tau coj mus rau hauv lub neej raws li ib tug txoj kev coj ntawm peb txoj cai los ntawm cov pawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv: movies, TV, ua si lub computer. Los ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab uas yuav tswj yus tus kheej lub indignation ntawm cov neeg disenfranchised pluag hav zoov. Ib tug txiv neej los txog tsev los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, koj lem ntawm tus TV - thiab thov tej yam "zaub mov ntawm sab" hliv rau tag nrho cov raws. Kuv txawm tawm mus, thiab muaj - cinemas, uas yog tag nrho ntawm ntshai heev thiab militants, muaj sawb clubs, uas nyuaj tshaj plaws vile nyob rau hauv tus txiv neej. Politicians rau kev pab los ntawm cov politicians, leej twg yuav hais lus zoo nkauj hais lus, thiab economists, nrog ib tug fervor tsis yig mus piav qhia hais tias tus txheej txheem ntawm nyob yog tshee ua. Thiab cov neeg nyob rau hauv cov lus tso dag yuav ua rau kev lom zem ntawm nws tag nrho.