Kws kes duab vajtse ntawm St. Ixaj tus Cathedral nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg

St. Ixaj tus Cathedral - ib tug zoo nkauj tshaj plaws vaj tse ntawm St. Petersburg. Yuav ua li cas npaum li cas kev tshoov siab, kev txawj thiab ua hauj lwm ua lag luam nyob rau hauv nws cov creation! Nws architecture yog eye-catching, sab hauv mesmerizing golden tus kub tse yog pom los ntawm tag nrho cov qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog, thiab los ntawm cov colonnade muaj stunning views ntawm lub nroog. Inspirational masterpiece tsis yooj yim sua kom dhau los, nws yog ib tug nyiam qhov chaw ntawm tourists thiab cov neeg ntawm lub nroog nyob rau hauv Neva. Thiab ntau qhua rau lo lus nug: "Qhov kws kes duab vajtse uas ua St. Ixaj tus Cathedral, - uas yog nws?". Peb kawm cov lus teb nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Kev kawm ntawv thiab kev txawj ntse

Yug kes duab vajtse ntawm St. Ixaj tus Cathedral yog tsis nyob rau hauv Russia thiab nyob rau hauv lub suburbs ntawm Paris. Nws cov tub ntxhais hluas coincided nrog lub Napoleonic kev tsov kev rog ntawm lub caij XVIII - thaum ntxov XIX centuries. Tus tub hluas kawm nyob rau ntawm lub noob nom noob tswv Academy ntawm Architecture nyob rau hauv Paris (nyob rau hauv cov hnub nws hu ua lub Tshwj xeeb tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Architecture). Ob zaug nws yuav tsum tau cuam tshuam kev qhia thiab mus rau cov tub rog, sib ntaus nyob rau hauv cov tub rog ntawm Napoleon nyob rau hauv ltalis thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees.

Tab sis, txawm tag nrho cov obstacles, lub neej yav tom ntej kes duab vajtse ntawm St. Ixaj tus Cathedral muaj peev xwm kawm tau los ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws hlub ua hauj lwm ntawm Fabkis ntxias ntawm lub sij hawm. Thaum lub sij hawm cov tub rog campaigns, nws muaj peev xwm mus saib ntau cov piv txwv ntawm classical kos duab, thiab tom qab Napoleon tus swb - mus nce thawj zaug nyob rau hauv Paris, qhov chaw uas nws saib xyuas qhov kev siv ua hauj lwm.

Txawm li cas los, talented thiab ambitious kes duab vajtse paub hais tias yuav mus los ntawm lub post-tsov rog teebmeem nyob rau hauv Fabkis nws yuav muaj tsis pom qhov twg mus thov lawv cov kev paub. Thiab ces koj yuav tsum tau saib rau ib tug ntau haum qhov chaw rau lub realization ntawm lawv lub peev xwm. Thiab ces lub neej yav tom ntej kes duab vajtse ntawm St. Ixaj tus Cathedral nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg txiav txim siab los siv lawv tej zaum. Yog vim li cas muaj? Cov tub hluas ntxhais capital ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws ho tsis muaj cov txhais tau tias los mus tsim thiab yuav tsum tau ua tej txuj ci.

Mus txog nyob rau hauv Russia

Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1816 lub Frenchman tuaj txog nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, qhov twg nws tau txais cov ncej ntawm draftsman nyob rau hauv lub Committee rau lub Affairs ntawm siv cov kev faib thiab Dej Works. Tsaug rau nws lub peev xwm, kev mob siab thiab nws tus kheej-tso siab, nws tsis ntev yuav ib tug tshiab kev tsim nyog los ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tshiab tej yam kev mob. Miv thiab muaj peev xwm ua ib tug zoo tswv yim rau influential neeg mus pab nws tau tsiv mus nyob ntawm nws lub hom phiaj.

Tsis ntev nws yog daim ntau quav tso thiab zoo siab kev tshwm sim: lub taub hau ntawm lub Committee pom zoo kom lub feemxyuam Frenchman huab tais Alexander kuv ua ib tug kws muaj peev xwm los sis yog hai thawj St. Ixaj tus Cathedral.

Kws kes duab vajtse, tsis txawm ua ib tug zoo-paub, mus nyob ib ncig ntawm lwm cov neeg sib tw tsis muaj teeb meem. Nws muaj kev tswj los mus ua kom ib tug ntev lub tswv yim raws li qhov tus huab tais, muaj hais rau gracefully dai kom zoo nkauj album nrog 24 graphical thumbnail, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub zoo nkauj tshaj plaws nyob sab Europe lub koom txoos. Nws cia li ib yam dab tsi uas yuav haum sib haum xeeb rau hauv lub majestic tsos ntawm lub nroog ntawm lub Neva. Nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1817, tom qab ib xyoos thiab ib nrab tom qab nws tuaj txog, peb caug Frenchman los ua lub tsev hais plaub kws kes duab vajtse. Yog li pib lub zoo ua hauj lwm ntawm plaub xyoo lawm - hais tias yog ntau npaum li cas lub sij hawm ua tau tus naas ej cathedral, uas peb paub niaj hnub no.

style tswv

Nws creativity muab ob tug loj currents: High classicism (tsis paub ua lub Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws), thiab eclectic - ib tug ua ke ntawm cov ntsiab los ntawm ntau architectural tiam sis. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim, lub kes duab vajtse ntawm St. Ixaj tus Cathedral yog lub innovator rau nws lub sij hawm. Heev feem ntau nws siv cov ntsiab ntawm cov medieval Gothic vaj tse uas muab ib tug tshwj xeeb yog leejtwg tiag.

Nyob rau hauv 1840 kes duab lub vajtse ua ib qho chaw twg rau teb chaws Askiv, Fabkis, Ltalis thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees tau ntsib nrog rau cov peculiarities ntawm lub sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tuam tsev vaj tse. Cov kev tau yog lub hauv paus rau peb tes num, uas tau ua lub ntsiab brainchild ntawm Fabkis kes duab vajtse.

Pib ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj

Engineering thiab kev tsim kho ua hauj lwm pib nyob rau hauv 1818. Siv cov kev faib dragged nyob rau ib lub sij hawm ntev thiab ob peb lub sij hawm tshem tawm vim loj uas tsis nyob rau hauv cov duab. Tab sis ua tsaug rau qhov kev paub ntawm ib tug loj pawg ntawm tej engineers tau tiv kev nyuaj siab.

Siv cov kev faib saib xyuas delved rau hauv tag nrho cov lus. Lub cim ntaus rau lifting tes taw hnyav li, muaj zog hlau hlua rau cib thiab cov pob zeb - cov no thiab lwm yam advanced engineering thiab tsim kev daws teeb meem uas siv cov ib tug hluas kws kes duab vajtse ntawm St. Ixaj tus Cathedral. Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, ces lub peev ntawm tus qub faj tim teb chaws, ib tug ntau ntawm cov xim tau them mus rau lub restructuring ntawm lub tsev no. Txawm ces nws yog tseeb hais tias nws twb destined los ua ib tug ntawm cov mus xyuas cov ntawv teev lus ntawm lub nroog.

Kawm tiav ntawm lub

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1840, tus ntsiab ua hauj lwm twb tiav lawm, thiab tus tswv tuaj rau grips nrog sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tuam tsev. Hauv nws raug tso tawm Russia lub loj tshaj plaws tsuas iav qhov rais depicting Khetos. Tus so tsim Ameslikas ua nyob rau hauv roj, tiam sis los ntawm nws twb tso tseg los ntawm lub siab av noo ua. Xwb cathedral qab nthab thiab phab ntsa panels, thiab dai kom zoo nkauj 150 cov duab nteg nyob rau hauv ib tug mosaic txheej txheem ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb cov khoom siv - smalt. Ntxias tau siv nws ntau tshaj li 12 txhiab xim, ua dluab tseeb masterpieces.

Zuag qhia tag nrho tswvyim tsim tsim los ntawm kes duab lub vajtse ntawm St. Ixaj tus Cathedral, tab sis ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm paintings, mosaics, tsuas iav thiab sculptures ntawm ntau feemxyuam nyuab ntawm lub sij hawm: Karl Bryullov, N. Pimenov, P. Klodt thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab yam tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj pib gilded dome, uas coj 100 kg kub.

Nrog cov creation ntawm lub St. Petersburg masterpiece yog vim grim twv ua ntej: thaum yuav tau ua kom tiav Ixaj tus Cathedral, kes duab lub vajtse tuag. Los yav tom ntej twb ua tiav raws heev meej: May 30, 1858, lub tsev teev ntuj twb inaugurated thiab raug fij tseg, thiab nyob rau 28 Lub rau hli ntuj lub project sau tau tuag nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm 72 xyoo.

Tsis tsuas yog Ixaj tus Cathedral

Kws kes duab vajtse rau plaub caug ib xyoos, nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, yuav tsum tau tsim tsis tsuas nws nto moo masterpiece. Nyob rau hauv 1832, nyob rau lub Palace Square ua tau tsim los ntawm nws lub project Alexander Kem.

Tsis tas li ntawd, lub Fabkis kes duab vajtse tau tiav heev heev private kev txiav txim. Vim li no cov nta palaces thiab sawv daws nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm St. Petersburg admired nws graceful architecture, uas yog li txig fits tus duab ntawm lub nroog.

Tam sim no nws yog lub sij hawm mus rau npe rau lub feemxyuam neeg, tus raug ntawm no tsab xov xwm. Kws kes duab vajtse ntawm St. Ixaj tus Cathedral - Ogyust Monferran. Ua tsaug rau nws, muaj ntau yam ntawm tus naas ej vaj tse ntawm cov sab qaum teb capital yog raws nraim li tau yooj yim coj thiab amazing lub tswv yim zoo lawm.