Koj sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Grengam kob

Thoob plaws hauv nws cov keeb kwm cov Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws nrhiav kom tau nkag mus rau lub hiav txwv Baltic , thiab vim hais tias ntawm no, tsis yog nkag mus ua tsov ua rog nrog rau lub nyob sib ze lub xeev. Lub 18th xyoo pua yog tsis muaj exception.

Great Northern tsov rog

Txij li thaum lub thaum ntxov 18th caug xyoo, lub Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws yog nyob rau hauv tsov rog nrog rau Sweden (hnub ntawm lub Great Northern ua tsov ua rog: 02/22/1700 - 10/09/1721 gg.). Nyob rau hauv anticipation ntawm lub kawg ntawm tsov rog, tom qab thawj zaug grand naval yeej ntawm tus tsov rog ntawm Russia Gangut, lub British intensified lawv lub zog thiab diplomacy qhia rau rapprochement nrog lub Swedes. English naval alliance nrog Sweden yog cov lus teb rau ho ua rau kom cov Lavxias teb sab fleet.

Cov neeg koom ntawm tsov rog

Lub sab qaum teb ua tsov ua rog Russia tuaj koom nyob rau hauv ib tug coalition nrog Poland, Denmark thiab Saxony tiv thaiv Sweden (sab qaum teb) thiab lub Ottoman Empire (nyob rau hauv lub sab qab teb), uas thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog tuaj koom hais nrog nws fleet. Lavxias teb sab commander nyob rau hauv Hmoob yog Petus, tus generals uas taws lub fights nyob rau hauv txhua txhua kev taw qhia - Galitzine, Sheremetev thiab Apraksin. Los ntawm cov phoojywg - Lub yim hli ntuj II, kuv thiab Georg Fridrih Vilgelm. Lawv txwv los ntawm lub Swedish King Karl Xii thiab lub Ottoman Sultan Ahmed III.

Historians muab mixed kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev koom tes nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ua tsov ua rog Ukrainian Cossacks raws li cov thawj Cossacks coj los Ivanom Mazepoy twb nyob rau sab ntawm Peter, thiab tom qab Karl Xii tau cog lus tseg rau dawb lub Ukrainian av, mus tshaj mus rau lub Swedes.

Tus thawj yeej ntawm lub hiav txwv

Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1714 lub Lavxias teb sab fleet taws los ntawm cov avant-garde, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub txib ntawm Peter lub Great, yeej lub Swedish fleet ntawm dhaus Cape Hanko. Lavxias teb sab commanders mus txeeb lub caij thaum cov Swedes raug yuam kom faib nws fleet nyob rau hauv ob cov lus qhia. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub Lavxias teb sab rog tau sim ships Swedish Tsheb Admiral Erenshelda. Lawv tsis kam nyoo, thiab Peter muab qhov kev txiav txim mus tua.

Winning Gangut kov yeej lub tswvyim hais ua dabneeg ntawm lub invincibility ntawm lub Swedes, thiab cim pib ntawm ib tug series ntawm kev vam meej tub rog battles. Lub Xya hli ntuj 27, 1714 - lub hnub ntawm lub Great Northern ua tsov ua rog, los mus txiav txim nws ntxiv cov hoob kawm, thiab yuav ntxiv dag zog rau txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Finland.

consolidation ntawm cov kev tshwm sim

Rau xyoo tom qab lub Lavxias teb sab fleet muaj peev xwm rov hais dua nws ci ntsa iab naval maneuvers nyob rau hauv 1714. Qhov kawg ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj 1720 raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Peter lub Great Commander ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy General Golitsyn advanced ships tiv thaiv cov Swedish vice-Admiral Sheblata, uas hais kom squadron. Lavxias teb sab rowing fleet sau nyob rau hauv lub Gulf ntawm Bothnia, muaj ntau tshaj 50 galleys thiab ib tug me ntsis ntau tshaj ib tug teb tej nkoj nquam. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub Lavxias teb sab ships tau lawm nruab nrog lub fiftieth ob phom thiab kaum ib txhiab armed tub rog npaj mus tua ob rau cov dej thiab rau daim av.

Nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub suav superiority ntawm lub Swedish ships (tab sis lub plav troops tsuas hais txog ib txhiab), General Golitsyn prime qhov chaw nyob rau hauv txoj kev ti lawm Flisesund ua hauj lwm. Lavxias teb sab fleet yog nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog, npaj kom tau raws li tus yeeb ncuab ships. Ib me ntsis ua ntej lawm Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog raws li kab nuv ntses twb tso tawm rau hauv lub qhov qhib hiav txwv. Swedes rushed mus rau lub detachment thiab rog thiaj. Ob tug frigates, muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tus caum qab, khiav aground thaum thaiv cov hlab ntxiv zog ntawm ob frigates thiab ib tug linear Swedish lub nkoj. Lavxias teb sab rowing galleys twb ntau npaum li cas maneuverable thiab yooj yim dhau lub shallows, txhais kom meej ntxiv qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm lub hwj chim ntawm ib tug lub sij hawm thaum muaj ib tug tub rog hiav txwv sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv Grengam kob.

Thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua, lub Lavxias teb sab paratroopers caij cia li plaub frigates. Tej active thiab npaj txhij txog offensive qhwv nyob rau hauv lub Swedish rog sib ntaus. Raws li kev kwv yees, cov losses cas rau ntau tshaj ib puas Swedes tua plaub cov tub rog tau noj neeg raug txim. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lub sib ntaus sib tua tawm cov kob ntawm Grengam thov 82 lub neej ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab tub rog, ob puas tus neeg nyob rau hauv lub Swedish neeg raug txim.

Cov qhabnias ntawm lub sab qaum teb ua tsov ua rog thiab lub kos npe rau ntawm lub Treaty ntawm Nystad

Lub Xya hli ntuj 27, 1720 Lavxias teb sab-Swedish naval sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv Grengam kob los ua ib tug tub rog keeb kwm raws li ib tug sib ntaus sib tua, rau accelerate lub xaus ntawm lub Treaty ntawm Nystad, tas lub Northern ua tsov ua rog. Ib tug kev thaj yeeb treaty twb tus ntev Northern ua tsov ua rog nrog rau ib tug zoo tshwm sim rau lub Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws thiab tsis zoo rau Sweden.

Raws li qhov kev pom zoo, Zog ntawm Guj kuj pauv mus rau lub "mus ib txhis muaj" ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Karelia, lub hiav txwv ntug dej hiav txwv los ntawm Vyborg rau Riga, uas yog, rau tag nrho cov Gulf of Finland, thiab lub teb chaws tau txais lub coveted nkag tau mus rau lub hiav txwv Baltic. Sweden, Russia yuav tsum tau rov qab mus rau Finland thiab them tus pej xeem nuj nqis nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov ob lab rubles. Tom qab xaus ntawm daim ntawv cog lus Nishtadt nyob rau hauv 1721. Sweden poob nws txoj qub hwj chim. Nyob rau hauv 1723 Sweden pib rapprochement nrog Russia nyob rau hauv lub cia siab rau rov qab Baltic ntug dej hiav txwv, pab neeg nrog hais.

Nyob rau hauv Russia, qhov xaus ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua kev zoo siab tso tawm ntawm ib tug commemorative puav pheej thiab nplua nuj kev cai tib si. Lub sib ntaus sib tua tawm cov kob ntawm Grengam coj lub hwj chim ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog thiab rog mus rau ib tug tshiab npaum li, thiab cov neeg koom battles tau muab cov nyiaj thiab kub medals. Nishtadt kev sib nrig sib pom zoo guaranteed amnesty rau tag nrho tab sis tus Cossacks, uas tau ntxeev siab rau Petus thiab tog nrog cov Karl. Muaj tsa rau lo lus nug ntawm kev ntseeg, raws li nyob rau hauv lub yav tas los ib cheeb tsam ntawm Sweden, uas hla Russia, ua tswvcuab txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev ntseeg.