Kev qhia (PHP). PHP: kev kab zauv piv txwv

Yuav ua li cas loj thiab ntau haiv neeg ntiaj teb no ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cia li raws li sai sai, nws thiab nthuav tsim. Qhov kev txiav txim - tsuas yog ib tug taw tes nyob rau hauv lub zuag qhia tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm lub zog. Kev paub thiab kev ua tau kom to taub tus txheej txheem ntawm tsis tau zoo lub hom phiaj, tab sis yeej tsis - tsis yog tshwm sim ntawm nws txoj kev ua tau zoo. Yeej xav tias peb yuav hais nyob rau hauv lub yav tom ntej nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus txheej txheem ntawm striving rau nws yog ib tug tseem ceeb thiab objectively tsim nyog txheej txheem.

"Muaj siab thiab / los yog ib tug ntau ntawm cov nyiaj" tsis tsim ib qho algorithm peev xwm ntawm hais tias, thiab ntawm cov hoob kawm "free" txiv neej ua li, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws tsis xav txog dab tsi nws tau ua. Nyob rau hauv tej teeb meem no cov ntaub ntawv teeb meem muaj tsawg kawg yog ib tug neeg dig muag nqaij, tab sis rau nws, feem ntau tam sim ntawd, lwm leej lwm tus huv si tsuas yog pom, thiab tsis tas hais tias lawv yog cov tag nrho dawb paj.

Internet technology tau yooj yim zog txoj kev mus rau cov lus qhia, tab sis cov nqe lus nug yog - yuav ua li cas muab nyob rau hauv muaj cov kev kawm - tsis yooj yim zog, thiab nrhiav tshiab "ntim" ntawm ua hauj lwm. Thiab txawm hais tias PHP kev qhia kis yog kom meej meej tsis sab sab, lawv yog ib tug tseem ceeb kauj ruam rau pem hauv ntej.

Tej yam yooj yim zog + algorithm = qauv

Muab kev kab zauv, PHP algorithm ho thiaj li cov ntsiab lus, tab sis li ib txwm nrhiav kev khiav dej num / hloov thiab ua algorithms pom tsis poob lawv tseem ceeb. Tshiab tswv yim tsis portend cov ntaub ntawv kiv puag ncig. Qhov tseem hais tias yuav tsum - compact code thiab ua rau kom tus tsim tawm lub peev xwm los npaj ib tug kev tshawb fawb cov lus nug kom raug.

Koj yuav tsum paub thiab ua tau hauv on PHP kev kab zauv. Piv txwv pov thiab zoo. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau muab daim ntawv qhia tias nrog lub advent ntawm ib tug tshiab search engine, qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus txav mus rau txawv - ib yam ntawm cov mechanism, txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hloov los ntawm ib tug txheej ntawm tej yam yooj yim nrhiav kev khiav dej num, tej yam kev mob, loops, thiab lwm yam tswv.

muaj:

• zoo thiab niaj hnub cuab tam - nws yog ib qhov zoo;
• pom thiab siv qhov kev paub ntawm lug txhawb cov miv yog qhov teeb meem;
• combining kev muaj tiag thiab virtual lub tswv yim - ib tug guarantee ntawm kev vam meej.

Tau raws li kev txawj ntse ntawm yuav ua li cas nws yog tsim nyog los nkag siab txog qhov teeb meem, los daws kom tau nws, nws yog feem ntau ntau ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kev tshwm sim.

Tsis tu ncua zaj lus nyob rau hauv PHP yog sawv cev los ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev khiav dej num nyob rau hauv cov lus syntax thiab ib tug ntau pab piv txwv nyob rau hauv Internet. Vim hais tias ntawm syntax daim ntawv thov kev xaiv yog tas xwb los ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm tus tsim tawm, tab sis sleuet kom nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias tsis yog tag nrho cov templates yuav ua hauj lwm. Siv PHP validation ntawm kev kab zauv yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Tej yam yooj yim nrhiav cim (hlua)

Cim - qhov no yog tsis ib txwm muaj ib zaug xwb byte, thiab yog feem ntau ib lub cim, raws li ib tug nti, muaj ib tug leej lub ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd. Encoding qhia txog cov pom cov cim nyob rau hauv lub code txawv. Lub cim yuav muaj ob peb qho kev xaiv: "$" = "USD" = "USD", ... - yog lub caij nyoog lub ntsiab lus ntawm uas qhov chaw ib yam dab tsi, tiam sis tsis tas nyob ze, vim lub txiaj. Txawm li cas los, lub caij nyoog lub ntsiab lus tej zaum yuav pw nyob rau hauv nce mus nce los PHP, uas ib txwm pib nrog cov ua cim "$", tab sis yuav tsis pib nrog "USD" thiab "USD".

Lub cim ntawm qhov kev pab cuam yuav tsum yog ib tug muaj nuj nqi lub npe (hlua) nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus teb ntawm: paub txog thiab ua raws li - nws yog los ntawm lub dynamic khoom-taw qhia kom paub programming, thaum cov qauv, kev siv, PHP kev kab zauv yog siv ncaj qha rau kev txiav txim siab. Pom lub cim "lem", uas yog, los ntawm nws tus kheej txiav txim seb yuav ua li cas nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw nyob rau hauv uas nws nyob, thiab txoj kev nws yog, "nws deems" tsim nyog.

Nrhiav rau ib tug cim / kab - tsis xws li ib tug yooj yim ce, thiab cov lus qhia ntxiv, cov dlaim phaj zoo dua. Nws tsis yog ib txwm tsim nyog los nrhiav tau lub kaum qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov nqi, xaiv delicious recipes hnub yug ncuav mog qab zib, los yog los mus txiav txim tus kws koj ntiav cov cuav qab nthab.

Feem ntau nws yog tsim nyog los optimize qhov yooj yim algorithms yog tsis yooj yim xam ntaub ntawv los yog nyob rau hauv nyuaj tej yam kev mob, thaum lub yam cim rau xaiv los ntawm ib tug database, thiab cov kab nyob rau hauv uas nws yog tsim nyog los nrhiav - ib puas qhov chaw. Tus nqi yog sib npaug zos rau xaiv ib tug cim los ntawm lub sij hawm tus qauv database, thiab tus nqi ntawm qhov chaw uas mus saib - nrhiav lub sij hawm hais tsis zoo pua pua ntawm qhov chaw.

Lone lub cim - nws tsis yog ib tug kab lus, thiab tsis yog ib tug ob peb kab lus, nws yuav yog nyob qhov twg thiab yuav raws li me me raws li xav. Yuav ua li cas los mus txiav txim yog dab tsi twb pom yog cov yam?

Piv txwv li: nrhiav rau cov nqi

Cia li nrhiav cov ntawv nyeem "$" cim - ib tug me ntsis. Xyuas kom nws ntsib ib tug xov tooj, nws yog tsis ib txwm txaus. Yog hais tias koj muab ib tug taw tes los yog pes tsawg ua ntej lub cim "$" yog ib tug guarantee hais tias tus nqi ntawm uas tus monetary cim yog ua ntej yuav tsis tau coj mus rau hauv tus account. Muaj kuj rho tus nqi, uas nyob rau hauv kev yog tsis teev txiaj, tab sis nyob rau sab nws yog nyob rau qhia tau meej heev cov lus qhia.

Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub tshuaj ntawm qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub li ib txwm yam inflate tshaj Vocabulary algorithm thiab lub sij hawm-siv. Meanwhile, siv ib tug kev qhia, cov xov tooj ntawm PHP yuav nrhiav tau tsis muaj teeb meem.

$ CContents = preg_match_all ( "/ [0-9] + ([\ $] | usd | y \ £ \ | UE) {1} / i.";

"Saib e-mail - 2usd;
";
"Nrhiav e-mail - 2u.e.;
";
"Ua hauj lwm e-mail - ue2;
";
"Xyuas e-mail - $ 13", $ aResult);
. '; '. implode ( ',', $ aResult [0]). '
'.

Yuav teb: "2; 2usd, 2u.e.", Tab sis nrhiav tsis tau dab tsi nyob rau hauv txoj kab: "mus saib e-mail - $ 13."

Muab rau lub xub ntiag ntawm tus qauv nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej los yog tom qab cov ua cim, koj yuav cuag tau zoo sai sai nyob rau hauv feem ntau.

$ CContents = preg_match_all ( "/ ([0-9] + ([\ $] | usd | y \ £ \ |. Ue) {1}) | (([$] | usd | y \ £ \. | UE) {1} [0-9] +) / i ";
"Saib e-mail - 2usd;
";
"Nrhiav e-mail - 2u.e.;
";
"Ua hauj lwm e-mail - ue2;
";
"Xyuas e-mail - $ 13", $ aResult);
. '; '. implode ( ',', $ aResult [0]). '
'.

Tshwm: "4; 2usd, 2u.e., ue2, $ 13."

Hais txog unintended logic

Tsis tu ncua zaj lus PHP muaj, raws li zoo li lwm yam cuab yeej, tab sis nws tsis yog tsim nyog yuav tau mus thov lawv raws li nws cov kev cai los yog siv lwm yam kev khiav dej num muab lowercase syntax txoj kev.

Tau ua ntej qhov pib ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb yuav tsum tau tig los rau tus array, thiab qhov chaw uas peb nrhiav, tawg mus rau hauv Cheebtsam raws li ua ntej cov txheej xwm. Cia li ib ob peb ntawm tawg () thiab implode () feem ntau simplifies thiab speeds cov kev txiav txim siab.

Piv txwv li, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm sij hawm luag ua hauj lwm tsim ib qho array ntawm cov hlua (ntaub ntawv) nyob rau hauv lub koog tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam qos yaj ywm sau txhua lub zos: Unknown ImyaDerevnya thiab ntim sau, thiab yog hais tias lub teb chaws sau ob peb tuam txhab uas muag nyob rau hauv ib tug array ntawm cov hlua yog ImyaDerevnya.ImyaPredpriyatie thiab tus nqi los ntawm "; " thiab thiaj li rau tag nrho cov qhauj. Xam tag nrho cov nyiaj sau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsis tau, tab sis yog tias koj ua impode ( ";", $ aResult), yuav tsum tau ib tug ntev txoj kab, nyob rau hauv uas cov khub - ImyaDerevnya / ImyaDerevnya.ImyaPredpriyatie - ib tug sau ntawm loj - yuav tau kis ntawm lub ";". Ua ib tug rov qab rau lub resulting, tawg ( ";", $ aResult) - ib qho array ntawm tag nrho cov, leej twg sau thiab ua li cas nws yog sau, thiab ces los ntawm tshem cov kab los ntawm tag nrho cov uas tsis yog-numeric cim, peb muaj cov xov tooj, cov sum ntawm uas yog tag nrho ntim sau.

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev piv txwv, cov kev qhia nyob rau hauv PHP cia tsis txhob saib heev npaum li cas, lawv yog ib qho yooj yim thiab pheej yig extract cov yam hais txog zauv tseem ceeb. Sai sai thiab zoo, tsis muaj teeb meem ntev npaum li cas nws yuav ua tau cov npe ntawm cov zos thiab cov lag luam. Cov tshuaj no yog tsis zoo tagnrho, tab sis nws qhia tau hais tias tsis yeej ib txwm ua raws li cov kev cai yuav tsum tau. Nws yog feem ntau tau mus cuag lub Desired nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv txawv txoj kev.

Abstracting los ntawm sab kev, lub encoding

Cov syntax ntawm lub algorithm tsis hais yuav ua li cas nws zoo nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag. Txawm li cas los, kev muab cov tib encoding ntawm cov nplooj ntawv, thiab kab tsab ntawv (uas yog nrhiav nyob rau hauv uas cov dluab) yuav plunge rau hauv lub qhov teeb meem yog nws kev sib nrauj.

Ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob tsuas paub dab tsi mus nrhiav rau, tab sis qhov twg yuav ua rau nws, thaum twg, yuav ua li cas npaum li cas, dab tsi yuav hloov thiab yuav ua li cas. Kev lig kev cai php kev kab zauv tseg raws li ib tug tag nrho tag nrho-featured mechanism ntawm nws tus kheej, tab sis rau ntau yam, lub realization ntawm nws cov counterparts nyob rau hauv ntau yam lus sib txawv. Raws li ib tug dav dav txoj cai, ua ntej koj tsiv mus nyob ib qho qauv nyob rau hauv ib qho kev cuab tam ib puag ncig rau ib qho hauj lwm, nws yog tsim nyog los nqa tawm high-zoo adaptation, xyuas rau tag nrho cov tau xaiv rau qhov ntaub ntawv.

Txawm hais tias koj siv koj tus kheej kev tsim nyob rau hauv PHP, cov kab zauv, piv txwv, templates thiab tsim yuav tsum tau ceev faj checking. Dynamically hloov cov lus functionality, syntax thiab runtime.

Tus qauv thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib tug template

Yuav ua li cas tau yav tas los sau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ua ke ntawm kev tshawb fawb zog, conditionals, hloov hauj lwm, insert, rho tawm, yog ib txoj hlua ntawm cov cim raws li cov kev cai - kev qhia txawv. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, ib tug tseem ceeb npaum li cas yog kho nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev thiab tua los ntawm kev cai.

Cia li raws li nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau ua tej yam debugging lus teb xov tooj, koj yuav tsis debug ib tug kev qhia txawv, tus txheej txheem no tsuas raws. Raws li ib tug dav dav txoj cai tau txais version: ua hauj lwm - tsis ua hauj lwm. Cov syntax yog yooj yim heev, txawm hais tias nws xaav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv thaum pib, yog heev yooj yim.

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib tug yooj yim qhia

Nyob rau hauv ib tug yooj yim embodiment, lub template ntais ntawv cov hlua:

$ CContents = preg_match ( "/ asdf / i", "asdf", $ aResult). '; '. implode ( ',', $ aResult).

Cov tshwm sim yuav tsum tau "1; asdf", vim cov nuj nqi sau nws cov lag luam ntawm thawj ntsib ib tug piv template. Cov tshwm sim yuav tsum yog tib yam, yog hais tias peb saib kab "aaaasdf" nyob rau hauv kab "zzzasdfvvv". Yog hais tias koj qhia kom meej rau thawj thiab / los yog lub cim, qhov tshwm sim yuav muaj tseeb:

$ CContents = preg_match ( "/ ^ asdf / i", "asdf", $ aResult). '; '. implode ( ',', $ aResult). '
';
$ CContents. = Preg_match ( "/ asdf $ /", "asdf", $ aResult). '; '. implode ( ',', $ aResult). '
'.

Cov tshwm sim yuav tsum tau: 1; asdf1; asdf.

Cov cim "*" thiab "$" qhia rau qhov twg pib thiab qhov xaus qauv. Tshwm sim preg_match muaj nuj nqi - tus xov tooj ntawm qhov yuam kev, nws yuav tsum yog 0, 1, los yog cuav, yog ib qho yuam kev thaum nrhiav tau. Cov kev xaiv thib peb - ib tug array - muab tso rau xwb pom lub caij. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm siv preg_match_all muaj nuj nqi () nrhiav tseem mus rau thaum xaus kab.

$ CContents = preg_match ( "/ asdf / i", "asdf123asdf456asdf789", $ aResult). '; '. implode ( ',', $ aResult). '
';
$ CContents. = Preg_match_all ( "/ asdf / i", "asdf123asdf456asdf789", $ aResult). '; '. implode ( ',', $ aResult [0]). '
'.

tshwm sim:

1; asdf
3; asdf, asdf, asdf.

Yog hais tias koj tsis txhob siv tshwj xeeb cov lus qhia, txhua tus ua cim txhais nws tus kheej thiab nws qhov chaw, tsis hais txog ntawm txoj kab coding thiab template coding. Lub programmer yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias lub encoding ntawm cov ntsiab twb yog nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau txhua tus lwm yam thiab encoding page.

PHP zog rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog cov kab zauv

Tsis tu ncua kab zauv rau PHP sawv cev rau ib tug cim hlua kaw nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev. Feem ntau, by analogy nrog rau lwm cov programming lus, lawv sau nyob rau hauv lub cim "/" ... "/" thiab muab tso rau hauv hais tias, koj muaj peev xwm siv ib los yog ob nyob rau hauv lub algorithm.

Lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi php preg match tu ncua kab zauv siv ob qho tib si qauv match thiab nres nws nyob rau lub thawj qhov chaw, ib tug variant ntawd nrog ib tug tom qab _all pom tag nrho qhov yuam kev, thiab outputs lub array thereof. Muaj nuj nqi preg hloov pauv txhua phim ib tug template, nws muaj peev xwm ua hauj lwm nrog arrays, uas nrhiav kev tsim thiab ua kev hloov ntawm ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev xaiv.

Nthuav kev xaiv rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog cov kab zauv yuav tsim siv preg_replace_callback nuj nqi uas yuav siv sij hawm tsis muaj hloov ntawv nyeem, thiab lub npe ntawm tus muaj nuj nqi, uas yuav nqa tawm xws li ib tug hloov. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub tswv yim tus nqi koj yuav siv mechanisms xyuas txawv, hais tias cov kev loj hlob thiab debugging ntawm lub xeem plays ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm.

Scope ntawm kev kab zauv

Txij li thaum hypertext lus muaj kev ntaub ntawv rau ib tug ntau dua raws li lawv yog cov starting khoom. Tsim ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm templates thiab designs uas tso cai rau ua loj nyiaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo. Ib tug tseem ceeb feem ntawm no ua hauj lwm yog ua mechanisms ua tau rau hauv ntau yam ntsiab lus tswj tshuab (CMS).

Tsis ceeb, ntau CMS ua de facto qauv rau lub tsev qhov chaw, thiab yog nrog los ntawm cov (tshiab) software tuam txhab uas muag, lawv tsis ua rau nws tsim nyog los nqa tawm cov kev loj hlob ntawm cov qauv nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej. Txawm li cas los, sab nraum ntawm xws systems muaj kev muaj tsis tu ncua kab zauv yog heev pab tau.

Tsis tu ncua kab zauv thiab qhov tiag ntaub ntawv

Ib qho tseem ceeb cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm kev kab zauv nyob rau hauv PHP cov tsev qiv ntawv tsim lub advent PHPOffice. Ua hauj lwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv, spreadsheets, thiab yeej ib txwm muaj ib qho tseem ceeb thiab OOXML txheem yog tau tsis tsuas mus rau muab rho lub sij ntaub ntawv, tab sis kuj yuav shape lawv kev pab cuam.

Tsaug rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hypertext thiab PHP hom lus nyob rau hauv particular, muaj ib tug caij nyoog tiag tiag rau automate txoj "lawm" ntawm cov ntaub ntawv "daim ntawv", piv txwv li, txib rau kev them nqi, lus ceeb toom, ua lag ua luam cov kev npaj, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv cov khoom, cov qauv thiab tus txheem yog ua tau amenable mus formalization thiab automation.

Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau daim ntawv thov los mus piav qhia cov lus OOXML txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev kab zauv yog txawv heev los ntawm cov tsoos ua hauj lwm nrog markup lus HTML thiab CSS nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw. Lub sij ntawv, tsuas yog npav thiab nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub sij ntsiab lus muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, ib daim ntawv uas yog tsim tau los ntawm qhov kev pab cuam, yuav muaj ib tug muaj zog thiab muaj tseeb rau cov ntsiab lus. Ntawv tsim los yog tus neeg kho, yuav muaj ib tug cov ntsiab lus, twb pleev xim rau saum ib tug plurality ntawm cim npe. Tej kev ua hauj lwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv ua rau lub fact tias lub semantics ntawm tej zaum nws yuav tsum yog ib tug, tab sis xim nyob rau hauv txawv nyiaj txawv designs.

Ntuj cov lus qhia thiab qhov teeb meem no

Ib tug neeg yeej ib txwm xav nyob rau hauv kev daws ntawm qhov teeb meem, uas tau staged cov ntaub ntawv thiab, raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov lus yuav tau muab. Cuag cov nqe lus ntawm qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib daim ntawv, ib tug neeg tau txais ib lub semantics, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub specification ntawm cov kws txawj (kho, tshe hais, rho tawm, kho kom raug) tsis tau tsuas yog ua rau yus ntau lub versions ntawm ib daim ntawv, tab sis kuj rau nws versions nrog txawv cov ntsiab lus.

Nyob rau hauv kev, neeg ua hauj lwm los ntawm cov kab lus "Daws square uranenie" tom qab editing yuav zoo li no: "Yuav kom daws tau ib tug quadratic equation." Yog hais tias thaum xub thawj thawj kev ua yuam kev tau kho, thiab ces tus thib ob, ces lub ntuj cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv OOXML style yuav zoo xws li: "[solved] [] [square] [e] [] [cheers] [b] [nenie]", tab sis qhov no tsis lav tsis tau tias qhov no yog neeg ua hauj lwm yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus cim npe OOXML (nkhaus raws nkhaus cim npe).

Yuav kom muab tso ua ke cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua tau yooj yim tom qab txhua ua hauj lwm rau hauv lub editing txheej txheem, tab sis txhua lub sij hawm txoj kev ua no yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm ntau yam algorithms. Tsis tu ncua kab zauv, raws li ib tug tsi ntawm lub cuab tam ntawm formalization ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cov teeb meem tau ua, nyob rau hauv cov nyhuv, taug kev paths ntawm lub formal lug ntawm hypertext rau lub ntuj cov lus qhia.