Kev Nyab Xeeb nyob rau hauv lub Science News for KIDS qhia: kev cai ntawm kev coj cwj pwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv

Lub tsev kawm ntawv. Nyob tsis tswm me nyuam kawm ntawv. Txawm nyob rau hauv high school, cov me nyuam nyob twj ywm me nyuam. Yog li ntawd, tshwj xeeb mloog yuav tsum tau them nyiaj los xyuas kom meej tias lawv ua raws li cov kev nyab xeeb kev cai nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS zaj lus qhia, vim hais tias zaj lus qhia no ua hauj lwm nrog tej tshuaj thiab reagents.

Kev Nyab Xeeb cai nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS chav kawm ntawv cov me nyuam yog qhia nyob rau thaum pib ntawm acquaintance nrog ib tug tshiab kev kawm. Thiab thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo kawm ntawv rau qhov uas lawv cov tub ntxhais kawm soj ntsuam, lub luag hauj lwm tus kws qhia ntawv.

Yuav ua li cas yuav tsum tau npaj kom txhij mus kawm rau hauv lub Science News for KIDS zaj lus qhia?

Nyob rau hauv lub laboratory, qhov twg thwmsim yog nqa tawm, rau ib tug yuav tsum tau hauv paus yuav tsum tau ib tug thawj cov khoom pab lawm ua tus sau rau tag nrho cov tsim nyog cov tshuaj uas yuav tau siv los muab thawj pab rau kev raug mob uas tau txais los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd ua ntej aid khoom siv, chav tsev yuav tsum muab nruab nrog ib tug tua hluav taws thiab kom paub tseeb tias cov ntaub thaiv npog.

Ua ntej hoob kawm xib fwb yuav tsum tuav kev ruaj ntseg kev kawm nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS chav kawm ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib zaug ib lub hlis, cov menyuam kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau coj kev ntsuam xyuas rau kev txawj ntse ntawm kev ruaj ntseg cov kev cai nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS. Ntawm cov kev qhia ntawv thiab pab txhawb cov ntaub ntawv yog kaw nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb kev nyab xeeb ntawm phau ntawv journal nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS kawm ntawv. Txhua tus menyuam kawm yuav tsum kos npe rau, qhia tias nws yog me ntsis txog cov cov kev cai thiab pom zoo yuav ua raws lawv.

Yuav tsum hais tias yog muab tso rau pem hauv ntej rau koj tus kheej tiv thaiv ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv

Nyob rau hauv laboratory thwmsim hauj lwm tej zaum kuj muab tso nrog alkalis thiab acids, gases, los yog lwm yam tshuaj. Cia li siv txawv yeej ua cua sov thiab khob iav. Vim li no, txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob yog heev siab heev, yog hais tias lawv tsis ua raws li txoj kev ruaj ntseg nyob rau hauv lub Science News for KIDS zaj lus kawm thiab cov kev cai ntawm kev coj cwj pwm nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm.

Ua li no, tus xib fwb, thiab cov menyuam kawm ntawv lawv tus kheej yuav tsum tau tag nrho kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov xwm txheej ceev. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov khaub ncaws yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv tsho khuam da dej ntawm tes - hnab looj tes, tsom iav qhov muag them. Nkawm khau yuav tsum kuj yuav nyiam thiab tswv yim. Tsis pub siab heels los yog nrog ib tug zawv zawg ib.

Tag nrho cov kev ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nruj me ntsis nyob rau hauv lub lab. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv yuav tuav tsis tau lawv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas yuav tsis haum rau thwmsim. Ua ntej pib kawm ntawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kuaj ua hauj lwm, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xyuas tus txheej xwm ntawm tag nrho cov cuab yeej siv, raws li tau zoo raws li hais qhia rau yuav ua li cas yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS kawm ntawv. Rau cov tub kawm nyob rau hauv kev cob qhia yog paub nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua hauj lwm.

Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim yog tias ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS chav kawm ntawv ua txhaum kev ruaj ntseg?

Thaum lub sij hawm xyaum ua tej yam, nws yuav tshwm sim heev npaj txhij txog qhov teeb meem no. Xav txog ib tug yam ntxwv cov ntaub ntawv. Schoolboy tsis nco qab kaw lub raj nrog lub reagent thiab sab laug nws ib tug qhib rau lub rooj. Yuav ua li cas yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no?

Ces tus nram qab no cov txheej xwm yuav tshwm sim:

• Lub reagent yuav qhuav, thaum emitting ib tug unpleasant tsis hnov tsw, uas muaj peev xwm taub hau mob.
• Pa yuav tau txais mus rau hauv lub ntsws huam thiab ua voos los yog tshuaj lom lom.
• Khob iav yuav yob lawm, thiab kev daws - tau rau koj cov khaub ncaws los yog daim tawv nqaij me nyuam kawm ntawv, uas yog fraught nrog txim xws li cov ignition ntawm cov khaub ncaws los yog hlawv.

Leej twg yuav tsum tau tso cai rau ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS?

Saib kev ruaj ntseg cov kev cai nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS chav kawm ntawv yuav tsum rau leej twg uas yog nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm, tsis muaj kev zam. Mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov reagents tso cai lees xwb cov neeg uas tau mus txog 18 xyoo uas muaj hnub nyoog tau dhau ib tug kev xeem, nyob rau hauv particular ib tug tsis haum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj.

Cov neeg uas raug tso cai mus ua hauj lwm, yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo cai kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS, raws li zoo raws li kev ua si.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub txim ntawm tej uas tsis yog raws kev cai nrog tus kab mob TB?

Txawm soj ntsuam kev ruaj ntseg txog lub ntsiab ntawm Science News for KIDS, tseem tsi xam pom tej qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim.

• Burns raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov reagents kev sib cuag nrog cov tawv nqaij los yog qhov muag.
• Thermal kub cua sov kiag li lawm, los yog ib tug qhib nplaim taws los ntawm cua sov rau cov reactants nyob rau hauv lub hwj.
• Tej qhov nqaij ntuag kuaj seev nyob rau ntawm lawv careless siv.
• Toxic vapors lom tshuaj, yog siv incorrectly.
• Burns thaum lub ensuing hluav taws thaum lub sij hawm lwj liam lag luam los ntawm cov cua kub cov khoom siv.
• Thaum lub sij hawm siv tsis raws cai ntawm hluav taws xob khoom siv yuav tsum tau ib tug muaj zog hluav taws xob poob siab.

Cov kev cai ntawm kev coj cwj pwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS, uas yog tsim nyog los ua kom tiav cov thwjtim

Raws li nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm tej tshuaj, soj ntsuam cov nram qab no:

• Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav tsis tau nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm tsis muaj cov Science News for KIDS kws qhia ntawv.
• Tub ntxhais kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub tsis pub mus ua hauj lwm ib tug laboratory.
• Science News for KIDS txee tsuas yog siv los rau nws npaj lub hom phiaj thiab nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav tsum tsis txhob tawm kev ncua-hnub pawg, raws li zoo raws li kev qhia nyob rau hauv lwm yam kev kawm.
• Tom qab teev nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS txoj kev tshawb no tsuas pub cov tub ntxhais kawm uas koom nyob rau hauv ib tug mug lossis hoob tuamyeem nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS.
• Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub tsis tso cai rau noj nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS thiab cov khaub ncaws.
• Yuav tsum tam sim no nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS hood ;
• Txhua tus neeg uas yog nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Science News for KIDS, yuav tsum hnav tus kheej tiv thaiv cov khoom: lub tsho tshaj sab, hnab looj tes, tsom iav, sev. Tsho khuam da dej tas tsuas khawm pem hauv ntej, ris heev, yuav tsum tau fastened nrog cov nyees khawm, lub tsho ntev yuav tsum yog hauv qab no lub hauv caug.
• Lwv tus kheej tiv thaiv cov khoom, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS, nyias los ntawm tus so ntawm cov khaub ncaws thiab ntaub pua txaj.
• Txhua tus neeg uas yog nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Science News for KIDS, koj yuav tsum ua raws zoo tus kheej kev tu cev thiab tsis txhob siv lwm tus neeg lub cov khoom.
• Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS yuav tsum muaj ib qhov hluav taws kub tiv thaiv thiab ib tug xuab zeb box thiab tua hluav taws.
• Nyob rau hauv laborantskoy yuav tsum tau muaj ib tug thawj aid kit, siab nruab nrog tshuaj rau thawj pab.
• Txhua tus neeg uas yog nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Science News for KIDS, yuav tsum tau paub txog qhov twg qhov hluav taws kub ceev xwm thiab cov khoom pab.
• Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm thaum muaj xwm ceev thawj zaug yuav tsum tau qhia rau lub tsev kawm ntawv cov thawj coj los.
• Txhua tus neeg uas yog nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Science News for KIDS, tas yuav tsum tau paub yuav ua li cas mus soj ntsuam cov kev nyab xeeb ntawm Science News for KIDS zaj lus qhia tsev kawm ntawv, yog tus uas kav rau tuav reagents thiab hluav taws xob khoom siv, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug yuav tsum kom cov chaw ua hauj lwm huv si.
• Tas nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau nruab nrog "Safety Kaum", uas yuav tsum muaj tag nrho cov kev cai ntawm kev coj cwj pwm nyob rau hauv Science News for KIDS chav kawm ntawv.

Cov menyuam kawm ntawv uas tsis ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev coj cwj pwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS, los yog yog hais tias lawv tsis ua raws li txoj kev ruaj ntseg nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS, yog qhuab qhia rau txim nyob rau hauv raws li cov hauv kev cai ntawm kev ua phem. Thiab, raws li, yuav siv sij hawm lub credit rau lub extraordinary pov thawj ntawm kev txawj ntse ntawm kev ruaj ntseg.

Basic mus nkag ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS

Mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Science News for KIDS me nyuam kawm ntawv yuav tsum raug tso cai nkaus xwb yog hais tias tus nram qab no yuav tsum tau uas tau ntsib:

• Ua ntej koj yuav pib, koj yuav tsum muab qhib lub chav tsev kom tsis txhob muaj tau lom los ntawm cov pa reagents.
• Hnav tag nrho cov kev tiv thaiv cov khoom kom tsis txhob muaj reagent kev sib cuag nrog cov tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag.
• Ua tib zoo npaj tag nrho cov tsim nyog cov khoom rau kev sim kawm.

Yuav ua li cas raws li cov kev cai nyab xeeb thaum ua hauj lwm?

Tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum xub qhia cov menyuam kawm ntawv ua raws li ib tug kev cai ob peb thaum ua hauj lwm:

• Thaum ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev kuaj yuav tsum muaj xws li cov kev ua hauj lwm huv si.
• Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav mus sim cov saj ntawm reagents thiab reagent tsis ua pa vapors tsaug.
• Heev ua tib zoo lis reagents kom tsis txhob tawv nqaij sib chwv.
• Nco ntsoov tias cov tais diav rau thwmsim uas muaj menyuam tsis taus huv si.
• Tag nrho cov tais diav tshuaj yuav tsum tau cim;
• Flasks nrog reagents yuav tsum tau noj nyob rau hauv tes, adhering rau cov kev cai. Uas yog, nrog ib tug txhais tes coj ntawm lub caj dab, lub thib ob ua raws li cov hauv qab.
• Los ntawm transfusion reagents tais diav nyob rau hauv ib lub tais, kom paub tseeb tias cov npav daim ntawv lo ntsia li.
• Lub residue yog ntxuav nrog reagent caj dab ntxuav tais diav xwb lub ntug ntawm lub hwj, uas yog poured rau reagent
• Thaum siv ib pipette, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav tsis koom nrog rau reagents los ntawm lub qhov ncauj.
• Khoom reactants yuav tsum tau coj xwb los ntawm txoj kev scoops los yog lwm yam tshwj xeeb pab kiag li lawm.
• Thaum lub sij hawm cua sov rau cov reagents nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub nws yog tsis tsim nyog tig lub zaub mov mus rau nws lub caj dab los yog mus saib mus rau hauv nws.
• Tej zaum yuav tsis raug tso cai rau tog reagents thiab acids, tag nrho cov pov tseg yog sau nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb lub thawv.
• Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis tau tsim lawv tus kheej cov tais diav rau thwmsim.
• Tub ntxhais kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau muab xwb reagents nyob rau hauv ib tug npaum li tsim nyog rau thwmsim.

Yuav ua li cas kev ua no yuav muaj rau tom qab tsev kawm ntawv

Tom qab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev kuaj cov menyuam kawm ntawv yuav tsum npaj ib txoj kev tshawb no rau tom ntej no cov tub ntxhais chemists. Ua li no, lawv yuav tsum:

• Nws yog yuav tsum tau kom tshem tawm cov chaw ua hauj lwm.
• Khib drained rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb lub tais rau pov tseg.
• Tshem tawm kev ua hauj lwm khaub ncaws thiab kev tiv thaiv cov khoom;
• Ntxuav ob txhais tes nrog xab npum thiab dej.
• Qhib qhov rai thiab qhov rooj rau cua.

Yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum tau ua thaum lub sij hawm lub xeev ntawm thaum muaj xwm ceev?

Yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm lub lag luam tseem muaj kev huam yuaj thiab ib tug neeg tipped reagent raug mob tshuaj lom neeg lub cuab tam los yog muaj ib yam dab tsi lwm tus, qhov kev txiav txim yuav tsum tau:

• Yog hais tias lub poob lawm txog ntsha, khib nyiab yuav tsum tau sau nrog cov kev pab los ntawm yam khoom tshwj xeeb tsim los rau lub hom phiaj no.
• Spilled reagents muab tshem tawm nyob rau hauv raws li qhov kev ruaj ntseg uas yuav tsum tau.
• Yog hais tias cov kua yog nchuav rau hauv lub laboratory, txais nplaim taws, yuav tsum tau sai li sai tau rau pib ub thiab tam sim ntawd hu rau qhov hluav taws kub department,
• Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev raug mob qhia rau Directorate ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, yog tias tsim nyog - mus hu thaum muaj xwm ceev cov kev pab.

Cov khoom pab yuav tsum tau sau nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS?

Qhov no yog - ib tug tseem ceeb kev kawm nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm Science News for KIDS, muaj yog muab qhov feem ntau tsim nyog tshuaj thiab antiseptics. Qhov yooj yim teem yuav raws li nram no:

1. Ntim muaj menyuam tsis taus ntaub qhwv.
2. Ntim uas tsis yog-muaj menyuam tsis taus ntaub qhwv.
3. Ntim muaj menyuam tsis taus cov ntaub so.
4. 50g muaj menyuam tsis taus paj rwb ntaub plaub.
5. Ncais, tsim rau tso tampons.
6. 1 vial 25-50 mL lo BF-6, uas twb kho nrog me me qhov ncauj tawm.
7. Lub vial 25-50 mL ntawm ib tug dej tov ntawm iodine, rau cov kev kho mob ntawm kev txiav nyiaj.
8. 50 ml ntawm ib tug 3% daws teeb meem ntawm hydrogen peroxide.
9. Tshuab txais charcoal.
10. 10% ammonia tshuaj.
11. Lub vial 10-20 mL Albucidum 30%. Siv nyob rau hauv cov roj teeb kua tau txais nyob rau hauv koj lub qhov muag.
12. 30-50 ml ntawm ethanol.
13. 20-30 ml ntawm glycerol los kho tus mob hlawv cov qhov txhab.
14. 200-300 ml ntawm cov 2% dej qab zib tov rau cov kev kho mob ntawm acid kub nyhiab
15. 200-250 ml 2% boric acid tshuaj.
16. 3 pcs. pipettes
17. Ordinary thiab bactericidal plasters.
18. Hemostatic tourniquet.