Kawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation

Nrog tus naj npawb ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj ntawm 2008 yog 83. Lub xeev muaj xws li cov koom pheej, ib ncig, cheeb tsam, lub zos, muab tej txiaj ntsim nrog tsoom fwv teb chaws tus nqi, siv yooj yim cheeb tsam thiab lub cheeb nroog.

Txhua chav ntawv kawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation - yog ib feem ntawm lub xeev. Tag nrho cov qhov chaw no yog ua los nrog lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub xeev-raws li txoj cai ua tswv cuab.

Lub Constitution (tsab xov xwm 65 xyoos, ntawm thawj feem) yog uas yog los ntawm lub npe tag nrho cov kev kawm ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab Federation. Yog li ntawd, ib feem ntawm lub xeev yog cov republics: Adygea, Bashkortostan, Altai, Kabardino-Balkaria, Buryatia, Ingushetia, Dagestan, Kalmykia thiab lwm yam. Raws li ib feem ntawm lub xeev yog: Altai, Primorsky, Krasnoyarsk, Stavropol, Khabarovsk, Krasnodar cheeb tsam. Cov kev kawm ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab Federation kuj: Arkhangelsk, Amur, Belgorod, Astrakhan, Volgograd, Magadan, Omsk thiab lwm qhov chaw. Lub zos, muab tej txiaj ntsim nrog ib tug tsoom fwv teb chaws tus nqi yog St. Petersburg thiab Moscow. Raws li ib feem ntawm Russia yog ib tug siv yooj yim cheeb tsam - Jewish. Lub xeev kuj muaj xws li cov nram qab no siv yooj yim cheeb tsam: Agin Buryat, Koryak, Komi-Perm, Taimyr, lub Khanty-Mansi thiab lwm tus neeg.

Kawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation endowed nrog ib tug neeg npe. Hauv plawv ntawm lub npe yog ib tug nom tswv yuav, los yog kev lig kev cai. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias xws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm tej pawg neeg uas integrates tag nrho cov kev kawm ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab Federation, ntau tshaj yog tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws, tag nrho cov qhov chaw yuav mus rau tib qeb. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub US - nws hais tias, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees - av nyob rau hauv Switzerland - cantons.

Ib txhia ntawm cov kev kawm ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab Federation muaj ib lub npe, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub haiv neeg tau. Nyob rau hauv raws li qhov no, lawv yog feem ntau hais raws li ib lub teb chaws xeev formations. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tag nrho cov Lavxias teb sab kev kawm nyob rau ntawm lawv theem me nyuam lub ethno-demographic daim duab, piav txog lub tseem tag nrho lub xeev.

Tag nrho cov Cheebtsam ntawm lub xeev txawv los ntawm cheeb tsam, lub xov tooj ntawm nws haiv neeg, cov pejxeem ceev. Yog li, nyob rau hauv raws li cov hwv paus ntsiab lus, qhov tsawg tshaj plaws qhov chaw yog xam tau tias yog mus Moscow. Qhov loj tshaj plaws lub caij ntawm lub xeev - Sakha (Yakutia). Nyob rau hauv raws li ib tug feature uas qhia tus xov tooj ntawm cov neeg tau hais tias yuav lub feem ntau sparsely populated Evenk Autonomous District, qhov loj tshaj plaws - Moscow.

Ho ntau yam kev kawm thiab nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws cov socio-economic kev loj hlob. Piv txwv li, ib tug tau txais subsidies, thiab lawv lwm yam raug rho tawm. Nyob rau hauv ib co kawm zoo tsim tsis tsuas kev lag luam, tab sis tseem muaj lwm economic sectors, thiab nyob rau hauv lwm yam ntau tsim muaj ib tug coj ntawm lub kev khwv nyiaj txiag (los yog muaj los yog ua liaj ua teb sector).

Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm tus chaw sau tseg nyob rau hauv lub hauj txiav txim. Piv txwv li, Moscow yog yuav luag post-industrial cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev kawm, xws li nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw deb qhov chaw ntawm lub Far North twb tsis tau pib, txawm lub industrial era.

Lub qhov txawv feature ntawm ib tug kawm qauv yog pub ntxiv tshaj Lavxias teb sab ib / ntau cov chaw mus rau lwm lub cheeb tsam. Rau hnub tim, lub tsuas Chukotka autonomous cheeb tsam tsis pub dhau nws tus kheej ib feem ntawm lub xeev. Tag nrho lwm cov cuaj cov cheeb tsam tsev nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub chaw los yog sawv. Yog li, piv txwv li, Nenets thiab Hunts-Mansi muaj Tyumen cheeb tsam. Raws li ib feem ntawm lub Krasnoyarsk Territory yog cov Taimyr thiab Evenki District.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias muaj no kuj thiaj li hu ua "tsis lam" nyob rau hauv tej lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv Russia muaj yog tsis muaj tej units. Txwv tsis pub, thiab raws li subjective es nyuab system yuav txawm nyuab dua.