Far North. Ntuj tej yam kev mob. Muaj thiab fauna

Far North - ib tug ntxeev ntawm lub sab qaum teb yog ib feem ntawm cov qub Soviet Union, uas yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub Arctic. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm tej thaj chaw deb thaj tsam chaw mus incentives uas teem rau lub co-operative, lub xeev thiab pej xeem tuam txhab uas muag nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam.

Ntuj tej yam kev mob ntawm lub Far North

Av cheeb tsam yog hais txog 2.2 lab square kilometers.

Main nta:
- tawg tshuav nyiaj li cas yog tsis muaj;
- qhov nruab nrab kub nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov lub hlis nyob ze rau 0 ° C (noj mus rau hauv tus account tias qhov nruab nrab tsis zoo kub);
- ntau permafrost thiab glaciers mus txog 500 meters;
- muaj ib tug me me txheej ntawm raws caij nyoog yaj (tsis ntau tshaj li xya caum centimeters).

Far North Russia muaj xws li cov nram qab no aav: hav zoov-tundra, tundra, taiga, thiab ib feem ntawm cov arctic suab puam. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, nrog rau cov kev zam ntawm me me dej ntws, nyob estuarine loj heev dej ntws - lub OB, Pyasina, Pechora, Yenisei, Lena, Khatanga, Indigirka Anabara, Yana thiab Kolyma. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv nws cov sab nce mus txog ntws nyob rau hauv sab nram hav. Khatanga, Yenisei thiab ob nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj rau loj heev Gulfs - "daim di ncauj". Hav dej muaj ib tug raug ntaus nyob rau permafrost. Lawv thawb nws mus rau sab ntawm lub hav thiab maj txov lawv txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv muaj ib tug moderating ntxim rau cov kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov cheeb tsam surrounding. Cov teebmeem ntawm tus dej dej nyob rau hauv lub seas yog kuaj ntawm ib tug deb ntawm ob mus rau peb puas kilometers ntawm lub qhov ncauj, rau cov nab kuab thiab hydrological regime seas. Thaum cuaj los kaum lub hlis ntawm tus dej khov nyob rau hauv lub xyoo, ib txhia - mus rau hauv qab. Nyob rau lub teb chaws yog melting nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis thiab Lub rau hli ntuj, thiab cov freeze nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj. Nyob rau hauv cov Islands tuaj nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj - Cuaj hlis.

Tsis pub dhau mainland tundra thiab cov loj xov tooj ntawm cov pas dej nyob rau ntawm ib co Islands tuaj. Feem ntau ntawm cov xyoo uas lawv yog nyob rau hauv cov dej khov. Qhov loj tshaj plaws pas dej nyob rau hauv lub Far North - Taimyr. Nws yog nyob rau tib ceg av qab teb. Far North txawv tsim arctic xau uas muaj ze rau nruab nrab los yog me ntsis acid cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Rov qab muaj dab (los yog gleying) yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv. Tundra xau predominate nyob rau hauv lub tundra tsam. Lub nto ntawm lub mainland ntawm lub Far North ntaub ntawv ib tug tsis tshua muaj-dag suburbs ntawm lub West Siberian thiab East European Tiaj: Kolyma, Yana-Indigirka thiab North Siberian lowlands. Nyob rau hauv ib co chaw muaj roob. Qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb ntawm lawv - yog lub sab qaum teb yog ib feem ntawm txoj kev khwv ntawm lub Verkhoyansk roob Byrranga txog Taimyr pas dej thiab cov roob ntawm lub Chukchi ceg av qab teb. Tus qauv ntawm lub mainland, Islands tuaj thiab adjoining txee koom ceg ntawm Paleozoic, Precambrian thiab Mesozoic-Cenozoic sediments, raws li zoo raws li lub tsim ntawm magmatic hom varied muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu ntawm cov Far North

Far North txawv ntau haiv neeg muaj thiab fauna. Txawm li cas los, feem ntau ntawm cov neeg sawv cev hais txog rau cov neeg hauv marine dej. Me ntaub ntawv - yog plankton, uas ua hauj lwm pab khoom noj khoom haus rau loj kab mob.

Nroj tsuag ntawm lub Far North: spruce, birch, Alder, Rowan, ntsias birch, willow; blueberries, cloudberries, cranberries, blueberries, knyazhevika, Shiksha; txog 55 hom ntawm fungi; Globe, daj buttercups, niam-thiab-stepmother, dandelion, tsis nco qab-kuv-ntshav Castillo, gentian maub xiav, paj rwb nyom, cyanosis; ntau tshaj ib puas hom Lichens.

Tsiaj txhu dab tsi nyob hauv lub Far North? Qhov no reindeer, hma, luav, hma liab, Wolverine, elk, marten, dais, ferret, lemminki; us, gulls, os, Snipes, waders, Turuhana, loons, Sandpiper, hawb, me me os dej dawb Osprey, Liab-loon, erne, crane, ib nrab snipe, liaj, dav dawb hau, grouse, Merlin; plankton, cua nab, crustaceans, shellfish, ntses (feem ntau - yog lub Arctic Blue), walruses.