Installation ntawm formwork: technology qhia

Ib qho ntawm thawj theem ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm lug rau ntau lub hom phiaj yog lub installation ntawm lub formwork. Feem ntau, txoj kev no tseem tsis tau kom sai sai. Tab sis twb nyob rau theem ntawm kev npaj rau pouring, nws yog ib qhov tseeb hais tias tsis yog tag nrho li ib qho yooj yim raws li thawj thought. Dhos cov ncej los pab coj cov installation ntawm formwork.

hom ntawm formwork

Muaj peb hom kev lug:

• Detachable uas rhuav tom qab ua tiav kom qhuav ntawm cov tshuaj. Nws yog zoo li ib tug formwork ntawm cais qhov chaw. Cov no ib tug collapsible qauv uas yuav rhuav thiab reused. Cov qhov zoo ntawm no hom ntawm formwork tso tawm ib qho yooj yim installation, thiaj yuav reused, uas ho thiaj li nyiaj txiag nqi ntawm kev tsim kho.

• Tshem, ntsig txog, ib tug uas yog tsis rhuav. Installation ntawm lub formwork ntawm no hom ua mas txhab polystyrene los yog ua npuas ncauj. Nws tseem yog ib feem ntawm lub tsa cov qauv. Thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug rhaub.

• "Floating" yog raug formwork rau qhov kev siv ntawm ib tug monolithic foundation, uas raus nyob rau hauv cov av. Nws yog tau koom ua ke los ntawm planks tiv thaiv uas siab me ntsis saum toj no npaj Siv kev ua vaj tse. Cov ntaub thaiv npog yog nws txo qis rau hauv lub aub tsiv thiab yog fastened mus rau nws phab ntsa. Nws dov rau sab saum toj ntawm cov duab los qhia los yog vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas.

Nyiaj kuj muaj ntau hom nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj:

• Phab ntsa formwork. Mounting nws yog ua rau qhov kev siv ntawm ntsug lug thiab phab ntsa.

• Kab rov tav, uas yog siv rau cov installation ntawm lub hauv paus thiab plag tsev.

• Lub nkhaus, uas tso cai rau koj sau nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm txawv txawv daim.

Mounting thiab dismounting ntawm lub formwork ntawm txhua tus tsiaj nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Lawv yuav tsum paub rau qhov zoo ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm.

Zoo ntawm mus tas li shuttering

Installation ntawm mus tas li formwork yuav nrhiav tau ntawm ib tug npaj txhij cov khoom siv rau cov hauj lwm. Peb yuav tsuas sau tsim thiab tsim nws cov installation. Qhov no implies ib tug xov tooj ntawm zoo hais tias qhov no hom ntawm formwork:

• luv luv turnaround lub sij hawm;

• yooj yim installation;

• khaub-ncaws nyias tsim;

• kuj mus tshwm sim ntawm pwm thiab pwm;

• hluav taws kev ruaj ntseg;

• uas tsis muaj nqi.

Tsis tas li ntawd, tas mus li formwork yog ob qho tib si rwb thaiv tsev txheej thiab yog ib ntu ntawm npaus uas yuav yooj yim yuav kev cob cog rua rau txhua lwm yam. Thaum lub puab phab ntsa yog thinner tshaj lub txheej. Qhov no achieves ib theem siab ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev.

Cov kev siv ntawm mus tas li shuttering

Installation ntawm lub formwork phab ntsa los ntawm txoj kev tsau blocks considerably yooj yim dua cov tsoos txoj kev.

Ua hauj lwm pib nrog qhov chaw npaj, tso lub waterproofing txheej. Cia li muab tso rau hauv lub hauv paus blocks rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub brickwork (nrog offset pob qij txha). Qhov no tso cai rau kom lub dag lub zog (rigidity) ntawm cov qauv.

Yuav pib nrog tsuas yog ib kab ntawm stacked blocks ntxiv qhov cuab lub zog (sib tshooj). No muaj tshwj xeeb grooves. Armature kev cob cog rua ntawm ib ntsug hlau. Nyob rau hauv tib yam nteg nram qab no series.

Cov blocks yog mounted ntawm ib tug yooj yim kev twb kev txuas tshwj xeeb slots los ntawm me ntsis nias. Pib sau qhob mortar twb nyob rau lub thib peb kab ntawm blocks.

Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem, muaj yog ib tug me ntsis pub leejtwg paub. Cov phab ntsa yuav tsum yog ntau txhim khu kev qha yog cov pob qij txha ntawm lub khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub block. Yuav kom qhov no kawg, lub sab saum toj kab yog sau mus rau ib nrab.

Nta ntawm lub tshem formwork

Ntsiab ntsiab lus formwork los ua ke xav txog cov piv txwv ntawm ib tug tshem tau collapsible tsim. Qhov no hom yog feem ntau nqa tawm yam tsis tau kev pab los ntawm tus tswv ntawm thaj av ntawm kev builders.

Installation ntawm lub formwork yog tsim los ntawm planks, tuav, nplooj ntawv ntawm plywood thiab lwm yam ntoo. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog tias cov phiaj no twb du. Tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm pib nrog qhov chaw npaj. Lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum muaj kiag li dawb ntawm txawv teb chaws tej khoom, cov khib nyiab thiab thiaj li nyob. Tom ntej no, nrog kev pab los ntawm sticks cim ntawm cov ces kaum vaj tse nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho. Lawv yuav tsum tau lub hauv paus los ntawm tus so ntawm cov kev ntsuam yuav tsum tau ua. Nyob rau hauv raws li ntau thiab tsawg pab ntawm tuav mus ua daim hlau thaiv casing.

Tiav lawm panels yog tsau mus rau lub angular tuav siv screws los yog cov rau tes. Fastening yuav tsum txhim khu kev qha. Thaum expanding qhob siab yuav ua rau kom rau ib tug ntaub thaiv npog, uas yuav ua tau kom ntes ntawm lub laug cam. Qhov loj tshaj plaws uas nws sab laug lub bar los ntawm sab nraum. Nyob rau hauv parallel, lub dho qauv yog yuav mus rau lwm lub kab ntawm ib tug deb ntawm ib tug yav tom ntej phab ntsa. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tau ib tug ncej nyob ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter.

Nyob rau hauv lub tiav lawm box yog lawm ua tus sau casing txheej ntawm gravel los yog xuab zeb. Cov tshuaj no tiv thaiv los ntawm noo noo poob uas yuav mus rau hauv av. Formwork mounting technology muab rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntoo ntaub thaiv npog tiv thaiv to ntawm cov tshuaj los ntawm uas twb muaj lawm qhov. Ua li no, cov laug cam them nrog ntawv ci los yog vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas, uas yog fastened nrog screws los yog khawb nrog ib tug roj hmab.

Tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau nqa tawm kev noj mus rau hauv tus account lub theem. Qhov no yog qho tseem ceeb heev. Nyob rau txhua theem, lub evenness tseeb tsim siab, ntev thiab ntsug (tseem ceeb). Ob tug kab ntawm cov laug cam yuav tsum mus nruj me ntsis thaum uas tig mus rau txhua lwm yam.

Basic ntsiab ntawm formwork

Lub tshem formwork, uas yog yuav mus rau nyias muaj nyias, muaj cov nram qab no hais:

• Lawj uas yog ib tug ca ntaub thaiv npog, uas tas tag nrho enclosure. Tus qauv yuav tsum muaj zog txaus los mus tiv lub kua siab. Yog li ntawd, nws yog los ntawm plywood los yog edging boards thickness ntawm 4-5 cm.

• Forests, uas yog cov backbone qauv. Lawv tuav lub phab ntsa, tsis tas cov tshuaj rau nyem tawm lub lawj. Ua zoov los ntawm ntoo thuv ntsa los yog tuav (2.5-5 cm).

• Fasteners - tag nrho cov khoom nyob rau hauv uas tag nrho cov ntsiab yog cov qauv: hlau, clips, ties, hardware thiab thiaj li nyob.

Lawj feem ntau sau los ntawm 15 cm dav laug cam uas muaj kev cob cog nyob rau hauv ntau yam series siv tes (uas tau tsav mus rau hauv lub sab hauv, sab nraum nkhaus) los yog screws (lawv ntswj nyob rau sab hauv). Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov laug cam yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 3 hli. Khoom sib raug zoo ua ke nrog ntxiv slats.

Ib tug yooj yim variant fabrication lawj - siv tuab waterproof plywood 1.8-2.1 cm.

txhim kho formwork

Lub thav duab yuav tsum muab tso rau ncaj thiab qib, yog tias zoo npaj ua ntej qhov chaw ua si. Nws daim ntawv lo siv ncav us txog ntawm pegs cords. Backfilled thiab compacted xuab zeb cushion. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, tus npaj qhov.

Installation ntawm lub formwork tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no ua ntu zus:

• Puag ncig yuav tsum xaiv ntsug ntawm cov (ntoo tuav, hlau ces kaum los yog kav dej).

• Raws li phau ntawv no koj xav kom muab lub shields npaj txhij, ua kom qhov tsim nyog deb nruab nrab ntawm lawv (nws yog sib npaug zos rau qhov yuav tsum tau tuab ntawm lub hauv paus).

• Nrees kho lub lawj. Xiab nws txheej sab sloping tuav (1 canting lawj ib 'meter').

• Yuav kom txuas shields sib thooj, tuav 5x5 cm.

• Lub sab hauv ntawm lub casing nteg zaj duab xis (vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas).

Me nyuam yaus nyob rau hauv qhov siab thiab 20 cm tsis yuav tsum tau loj tsim. Txaus rau lawv tsav mus rau hauv lub hauv av tuav.

Installation ntawm phab ntsa formwork

Ntau yooj yim yog tus txheej txheem ntawm lub tsev ntawm cov phab ntsa formwork. Yog li cais thiab loj-me me-vaj huam sib luag formwork.

Cov kev xaiv thawj yog haum rau qhov kev siv ntawm me me tsev (cottages, tsev neeg cov vaj tse) thiab partitions ntawm cov chav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, siv cov me me luaj li cas ntawm cov plywood boards.

Installation ntawm Loj-nto shuttering raug rau kev tsim kho ntawm vaj tse nrog loj siab. Rau cov lag luam siv cov hlau ntawv los yog loj los xij ntawm plywood.

Rau lub installation ntawm lub hauv paus phab ntsa yog npaj kom txhij, uas tus valve daig. Nyob ib ncig ntawm nws collect ob-kab ncej formwork. Thaum uas siv cov zoo tib yam plywood, pob qij txha lub tsho tiv no nrog nplaum los yog sealant. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb formwork plywood. Tus neeg los xij yog kev cob cog rua rau nws nyob rau hauv ib tug "tus pos-zawj" uas tsis yuav tsum tau ntxiv sealing.

hom ntawm sib tshooj

Installation ntawm qab nthab formwork nyob ntawm seb yam ntawm qab nthab. Cov nram qab no hom ntawm lug:

• Nyob rau hauv volume tais. Nws yog siv rau cov lug nrog loj siab. Yog li siv ntsug racks, jacks, zoo, girders thiab lwm yam hais rau txuas tus neeg qhov chaw.

• Nyob rau klinochnyh forests, uas yog siv rau cov high-sawv vaj tse. Es tsis txhob plywood panels ntsia scaffolding.

• Nyob rau hav zoov khob hom. Qhov no hom ntawm installation muab tus ncej. Racks yog interconnected phaj txoj kev.

• Telescopic tais. Haum nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob qhov twg rau qhov siab ntawm lub overlap yog tsawg tshaj li 4.6 m. Nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv ib lub kos uas txhawb nqa rau tag nrho cov qauv. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm stacked panels ntawm waterproof plywood.

slab Formwork

Tam sim no, feem ntau siv monolithic qab nthab. Nyob rau nws shuttering piv txwv lauj lub rooj sib txoos txheej txheem.

Formwork siv uprights sib thooj, los ntawm bolts. Lawv txuas ntawm txoj cai ces kaum rau tus tuav, khiav nyob rau hauv lub transverse kev taw qhia. Thaum cov transverse tuav stacked panels ntawm plywood, uas yog lub hauv qab ntawm lub formwork.

Cov ntaub ntawv siv rau qhov hauj lwm no:

• Sawv - txwv nrog ib tug ntoo khaub lig-seem ntawm 12-15 cm;

• deadbolt thiab tus ntoo khaub lig beam - edged board dav 16-18 cm thiab thickness 5 cm;

• struts - ib tug board thickness ntawm 3 cm;

• flooring - Waterproof (laminated) plywood ntawm thickness 1.8 cm.

Ua ntej qhov pib ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nws yog tsim nyog los nqa tawm leej suav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los mus txiav txim tus naj npawb ntawm cov posts, txav lawv qhov chaw nyob thiab lwm yam.

Installation qhia slab formwork

Cov lus qhia ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm yuav raws li nram no cov kauj ruam:

• Mus rau sab saum toj ntawm lub longitudinal struts yog tsau tuav, ib tug thib ob kawg uas yog tsau mus rau lub phab ntsa.

• Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev ib tug thib ob kab sau. Rau lub hom phiaj no, nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj them yug board yog muab tso rau 5 cm tuab.

• Teem lub transverse beams nrog ib tug suab ntawm 60 cm.

• Nruab buckstays (mas).

• Racks interconnected struts.

• Nyob rau hauv transverse tuav stacked los xij ntawm plywood, tawm hauv tsis muaj khoob.

• Qhov xaus ntawm lub overlap ntawm kev tiv thaiv masonry blocks los yog bricks.

• Nws yog ib tug lub moj khaum ntawm qhov cuab lub zog. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yog tias tsim nyog, cia qhov chaw rau kev sib txuas lus.

Thaum lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog ua li cas, koj yuav tau sau nrog qhob. Tshem tawm cov formwork tom qab 3 lub lis piam.

xaus

Installation ntawm lub formwork ntawm txhua tus tsiaj muaj rau kev siv ntawm tej ntaub ntawv. Yog hais tias laug cam yog siv, lawv yuav tsum tau tshiab. Lwj qub board yuav tsis tau withstand lub siab thiab ua txhaum. Plywood yuav tsum waterproof los yog laminated.

Tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv raws li cov lus teb ua. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lub installation ntawm hauv pem teb thiab cov phab ntsa formwork.