Hom Pib ntsais koj teeb: analog, digital, digital

Txhua txhua hnub, cov neeg no yuav raug tej kev siv hluav taws xob pab kiag li lawm. Yog tsis muaj lawv, lub neej niaj hnub yog tsis yooj yim sua. Peb yuav tau tham txog lub TV, xov tooj cua, computer, xov tooj, thiab lwm yam multivarka. Yav tas los, ib tug ob peb xyoos dhau los, tsis muaj ib tug xav tias hais txog dab tsi zoo ntawm lub teeb liab yog siv rau txhua operable unit. Tam sim no lo lus "analog", "cov", "cov" tau ntev tau nyob rau hauv lub rooj sib hais. Ib txhia hom ntawm cov Pib ntsais koj teeb yog high-zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha.

Cov kis tau tus mob twb siv ntau npaum li cas tom qab tshaj analog. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lub teeb liab yog yooj yim npaum li los tswj, thiab cov khoom nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm twb tsis yog li ntawd lawm.

Nrog lub tswvyim ntawm "discrete" ntsej muag txhua tus neeg yeej muaj. Yog hais tias koj txhais tau cov lo lus los ntawm Latin, nws txhais tau tias nws yog ib tug "discontinuity". Venturing deb rau science, peb yuav hais tias cov teeb liab yog ib txoj kev ntawm kis cov lus qhia, uas yuav muaj kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub medium-cab kuj. Cov yav tas yuav siv sij hawm tej nqi ntawm tag nrho cov tau. Tam sim no lub discrete mus tom ntug kev, tom qab nws tau txiav txim siab los ua ib tug system rau ib tug nti. Lawv yog cov zoo ib yam, thiab tag nrho cov Cheebtsam INTERACTIONS zoo nrog txhua lwm yam. Lub discrete xwm yog tag nrho cov raws nraim cov lus rov - txhua yam tau raug ua kom tiav thiab kev cob cog rua rau lwm yam los ntawm txoj kev tshwj xeeb mus.

teeb liab

Lub teeb liab yog ib tug tshwj xeeb cov cai uas yog kis tau nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw ntawm ib tug los yog ntau tshaj systems. Qhov no lus yog ib qho.

Nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev sib txuas lus teeb liab hu ua tshwj xeeb xov xwm ntawm tej ntaub ntawv uas yog siv los xa lus. Nws yuav tsum tsim, tiam sis tsis tau txais, lub tom kawg mob yog tsis tsim nyog. Yog hais tias lub teeb liab yog ib cov lus nws "nuv ntses" yog suav tias yog tsim nyog.

Piav code cov ntaub ntawv yog txhais los ntawm ib tug zauv muaj nuj nqi. Nws qhia txog tag nrho cov tau kev hloov ntawm tsis. Cov hluav taws xob kev tshawb xav, cov qauv no yog suav tias yog ib lub hauv paus. Nws yog ib qho analogue teeb liab tau raug hu ua suab nrov. Nws yog ib tug muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub sij hawm, uas yog pub dawb rau INTERACTIONS nrog rau cov kis code thiab distorts nws.

Cov tsab xov xwm no qhia txog lub hom Pib ntsais koj teeb: digital, analog thiab cov. Tsis tas li ntawd luv luv muab qhov yooj yim kev tshawb xav ntawm lub piav kev kawm.

hom Pib ntsais koj teeb

Muaj ob peb hom kev faib ntawm uas twb muaj lawm Pib ntsais koj teeb. Cia peb kawm seb yog hom.

1. Raws li lub cev nruab nrab qhia cov ntaub ntawv cab kuj hluav taws xob lub teeb liab, kho qhov muag, acoustic thiab electromagnetic. Muaj ntau ntau lwm yam hom, tab sis lawv tsis paub zoo.
2. Los ntawm txoj kev ntawm reference Pib ntsais koj teeb muab faib ua tsis tu ncua thiab lus. Tus thawj yog ib tug deterministic cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob txoj kev, uas txhais tau hais tias los ntawm ib tug analytical muaj nuj nqi. Random formulated ntawm cov nuj nqis ntawm cov kev tshawb xav ntawm ntau yam, thiab lawv coj tej nqi ntawm lub sij hawm txawv Team sib.
3. Nyob ntawm seb lub zog uas piav qhia txog tag nrho cov teeb liab tsis, cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob hom kev kawm tej zaum yuav analog, discrete, digital (ib tug txheej txheem uas yog quantized los ntawm theem). Lawv yog siv rau lub lag luam los ntawm ntau hluav taws xob pab kiag li lawm.

Tam sim no tus nyeem ntawv yog me ntsis txog cov tag nrho cov hom ntawm signaling. To taub lawv tsis muaj teeb meem rau leej twg, cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - mus xav tias ib tug me ntsis thiab nco ntsoov high-tsev kawm ntawv physics.

Yuav ua li cas lub teeb liab ua?

Lub teeb liab yog tiav nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kis tau thiab txais tau ntaub ntawv, uas yog encrypted nyob rau ntawd. Thaum nws yog muab tshem tawm, nws yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv tej lub sijhawm nws reformat.

Muaj yog vim li cas lwm rau cov kev ntawm tag nrho cov Pib ntsais koj teeb. Nws yog ib tug me me contraction zaus (thiaj li tsis mus ua puas cov ntaub ntawv). Tom qab hais tias, nws yog formatted thiab kis tau ntawm qeeb speeds.

Lub analog thiab cov Pib ntsais koj teeb, tshwj xeeb kev kawm yog siv. Nyob rau hauv kev, filtering, convolution, correlation. Lawv yog cov tsim nyog los lub teeb liab yog hais tias nws yog puas los yog muaj suab nrov.

Creation thiab kev loj hlob

Feem ntau cov Pib ntsais koj teeb uas yuav tsum tau rau txoj kev ua ib tug analog-rau-digital (ADC) thiab digital-rau-analog (DAC) converters. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, lawv yog ob leeg tau siv xwb nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm nrog DSP-technology. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam mob, tsuas yog tus siv ntawm haum DAC.

Thaum koj tsim ib lub cev analog cov lis dej num rau ntxiv rau kev siv ntawm cov hom kev kawm cia siab rau cov ntaub ntawv uas yog kis tau nrog tshwj xeeb seev.

dynamic ntau yam

teeb liab ntau yog xam los ntawm cov sib txawv loj thiab me me volume, uas yog qhia nyob rau hauv decibels. Nws yog kiag li nyob rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm thiab kev kawm ntawv nta. Peb yuav tau tham txog lub suab paj nruag khiav thiab cov pa dialogues ntawm cov neeg. Yog hais tias peb coj, piv txwv li, lub announcer uas nyeem cov xov xwm, nws dynamic ntau yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 25-30 dB. Thiab thaum lub sij hawm nyeem ntawv ntawm tej chaw ua hauj lwm nws yuav loj hlob mus txog 50 dB.

Lub analog teeb liab

Lub analog teeb liab yog tas mus li nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob txoj kev. Ib tug disadvantage yuav tsum tau hu ua lub suab nrov tam sim no, uas tej zaum kuj ua rau yus mus rau ib tug ua tiav tsis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Heev feem ntau muaj tej yam teeb meem uas nws yog tsis yooj yim sua los mus txiav txim qhov twg nyob rau hauv lub code lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cov ntaub ntawv, thiab qhov chaw uas ib txwm distortions.

Nws yog vim hais tias ntawm no cov teeb liab ua tau tau ib tug ntau ntawm cov chaw thiab yog maj hloov analog.

cov teeb liab

Cov teeb liab yog ib tug cov ntaub ntawv txaus, nws yog piav nyob rau hauv cov nuj nqis ntawm discrete zog. Nws amplitude tej zaum yuav muab ib qho nqi ntawm cov twb hais tseg. Yog hais tias lub analog teeb liab yog tau mus nrog ib tug lossis loj npaum li ntawm suab nrov, cov ntxaij lim dej tawm feem ntau ntawm cov suab nrov ua.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, qhov no zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj ntau npaum li cas semantic load. Tom qab ib tug lub cev channel yuav muab xa mus rau ntau yam leb.

Hom ntawm cov teeb liab tsis muaj nyob, raws li nws stands raws li ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib thiab ywj siab cov ntaub ntawv hloov lwm lub tsev txoj kev. Nws nruab nrab yog cov binary kwj. Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, lub teeb liab yog pom tau hais tias yuav nrov tshaj plaws. Qhov no yog vim qhov yooj yim ntawm kev siv.

Daim ntawv thov ntawm Digital teeb liab

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txawv ntawm cov hluav taws xob lub teeb liab los ntawm lwm yam? Lub fact tias nws muaj peev xwm mus ua tau ib tug tag nrho rov qab nyob rau hauv lub transponder. Thaum cov kev sib txuas cov khoom tau txais ib lub teeb liab muaj qhov tsawg tshaj plaws cuam tshuam, nws tam sim ntawd hloov nws daim ntawv mus rau cov. Qhov no pub, piv txwv li, lub TV pej thuam mus rau tsim ib lub teeb liab dua, tab sis tsis muaj lub suab nrov nyhuv.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas, yog hais tias tus code yog twb nkag nrog loj distortion, ces, hmoov tsis, nws yog tsis raug mus rau restoration. Yog hais tias koj noj nyob rau hauv tiv tiag analog kev twb kev txuas, ces nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo xws li cov teeb meem no, lub repeater yuav extract ib feem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, siv ib tug ntau ntawm lub zog.

Sib tham seb cov cellular kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv ntau yam tawm tswv yim, nrog ib tug muaj zog distortion nyob rau hauv lub digital kab yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua los tham, vim hais tias lawv tsis hnov lus los yog tag nrho cov nqe lus. Lub analog kev twb kev txuas nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog xav paub ntau zoo, vim hais tias koj muaj peev xwm ntxiv mus koom nyob rau hauv kev sib tham.

Nws yog vim hais tias ntawm tej teeb meem ntawm cov teeb liab repeaters tsim ntau heev nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim kom nqaim cov kis link.

Cov teeb liab

Tam sim no txhua leej txhua tus yog siv ib tug mobile xov tooj los yog tej yam ntawm "dialer" nyob rau koj lub computer. Ib tug ntawm cov kev pab raws qib ntawm pab kiag li lawm los yog software - ib lub teeb liab kis tau tus mob, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no rau lub suab kwj. Yuav kom hloov mus yoj yuav tsum tau ib tug channel uas yuav muaj ib tug ntau dua theem ntawm throughput muaj peev xwm. Uas yog vim li cas qhov kev txiav txim yog los siv ib cov teeb liab. Nws tsis tsim nthwv dej nws tus kheej, thiab nws cov ntawv no. Yog vim li cas yog hais tias? Vim hais tias cov kis tau tus mob no yog los ntawm cov kos duab (eg, xov tooj los yog computer). Yuav ua li cas yog qhov zoo ntawm no hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov lwm lub tsev? Nrog nws decreases tag nrho cov nqi ntawm kis cov ntaub ntawv yog lub koom haum thiab yooj yim batch dispatch.

Lub tswvyim ntawm "zauv" tau ntev tau li qhia siv kuj siv nyob rau hauv computer engineering. Vim li ib tug teeb liab yog tsis tas mus li cov ntaub ntawv yog kis tau, uas yog tag encoded cim tshwj xeeb thiab cov tsiaj ntawv, thiab cov ntaub ntawv sau nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb blocks. Lawv yog cov cais thiab tiav lawm hais. Qhov no encoding txoj kev tau ntev tau overshadowed, tab sis tsis zoo kiag li. Nrog nws koj yuav tau yooj yim hloov tej daim me me ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.

Kev sib piv ntawm cov thiab analog Pib ntsais koj teeb

Muas khoom, tsis yog leej twg xav tias hais txog dab tsi hom ntawm Pib ntsais koj teeb siv nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev los sis lwm lub twj paj nruag, thiab hais txog ib puag ncig thiab cov xwm txawm ntau. Tab sis tej zaum tseem yuav tau nrog cov tswv yim.

Nws tau ntev tau tseeb hais tias cov analog technology poob thov, vim hais tias lawv siv yog tsis tau yus. Es tsis txhob los sib txuas lus. Koj yuav tsum to taub dab tsi twb yuav mus thiab dab tsi tsis kam ntawm tib neeg.

Nyob rau hauv luv luv, lub analog teeb liab - ib txoj kev kis cov lus qhia, uas muaj xws li cov ntaub ntawv piav qhia tas mus li zog ntawm lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, hais hais lus, lub oscillation amplitude yuav ua tau sib npaug zos rau tej nqi nyob rau hauv lub txhais ib thaj tsam.

Cov teeb liab ua yog piav los ntawm discrete lub sij hawm zog. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, cov amplitude ntawm oscillation ntawm cov qauv no yog nruj me ntsis qee qhov tseem ceeb.

Tsiv los ntawm kev tshawb xav xyaum, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub analog teeb liab cuam. Nrog cov tsis muaj tej teeb meem, vim hais tias nws ntse lawv "smooth tawm". Vim tshiab technologies tej ntaub ntawv hloov lwm lub tsev txoj kev muaj peev xwm rau lawv tus kheej tsis muaj cov kev pab ntawm ib tus paub txog los tag nrho cov thawj cov ntaub ntawv.

Hais txog TV, peb muaj peev xwm twb hais tseeb tias analog kis tau tus mob tau ntev outlived nws usefulness. Feem ntau cov tau txais kev pab yog switching rau ib cov teeb liab. kawg disadvantage yog tias yog hais tias tus analog kis tau tus mob yog muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm txais kev ntaus, qhov ntau niaj hnub txoj kev - tsuas yog tshwj xeeb cov khoom. Tab sis yog kev thov rau outdated txoj kev tau ntev poob, tsis tau cov Pib ntsais koj teeb tseem tsis tau kiag li tau deb ntawm lub neej txhua hnub.