Hom ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv psychology: yam ntxwv, kev faib tawm, daim duab, cov lus

Ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj achievements ntawm noob neej yog nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug. Qhov no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb tshwm sim, uas yog tag nrho tau paub xwb cov neeg. Nrog rau qhov uas, cov neeg xav hais tias, kev sib txuas lus nrog txhua lwm yam, qhia lawv txoj kev xav. Nyob rau hauv ancient Greece, tus neeg hais li "hais lus tsiaj", tab sis muaj ib tug tseem ceeb heev sib txawv. Tom qab tag nrho, cov neeg tsis txhob cia li tsim ib lub suab system ntawm Pib ntsais koj teeb uas kis lawv txoj kev xav thiab kev xav, tab sis kuj yuav piav qhia txog cov kev pab los ntawm ib ncig lub ntiaj teb no. Hom ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv psychology yog txwv kom muab zais thiab muab faib ua ob peb pab pawg.

Basic ntaub ntawv ntawm kev hais lus

Hom lus uas yog siv tag nrho cov thoob lub ntiaj teb no muaj ib tug hauv paus - yog hais lus. Nws yog ib heev ntau yam thiab muaj ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Tab sis tag nrho cov ntsiab hom ntawm kev hais lus rau ob tug pab pawg raug muab faib nyob rau hauv psychology: 1) qhov ncauj; 2) sau ntawv. Tab sis lawv yog ib yam dab tsi txawv rau txhua lwm yam thiab yog zoo intertwined. Lawv lub ntsiab sib thooj - ib lub suab system, nyob rau hauv uas ob yog raws li. Yuav luag tag nrho cov lus tsuas yog hieroglyphic, sau ntawv yog xam raws li ib yam ntawm cov qhov ncauj. Yog li, peb yuav kos ib analogy nrog lub suab paj nruag. Tej artist, saib lub sau ntawv dua thiab dua yuav siv sij hawm lub suab paj nruag uas lub composer xav qhia, thiab yog hais tias muaj cov kev hloov, lawv yog insignificant. Thiab tus nyeem ntawv reproduces lo lus los yog kab lus hais tias yog sau rau ntawm daim ntawv, txhua lub sij hawm voicing yuav luag zoo tib yam scale.

Dialogical los yog sib tham ua kev hais lus

Txhua lub sij hawm uas hais tau lus, ib tug neeg siv lub thawj daim ntawv ntawm kev hais lus - hais. Yam ntxwv ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv psychology hu nws dialogical los yog conversational. Nws lub ntsiab feature yog lub active txij nkawm ntawm lwm tus sab nrauv, xws li ib tug neeg. Rau nws cov hav zoov yuav tsum tau muaj yam tsawg ob tug neeg uas sib txuas lus siv tau yooj yim cov nqe lus thiab koj lem ntawm cov lus. Ntawm tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm psychology, qhov no zoo ntawm kev hais lus yog ib qho yooj yim. Muaj tsis xav tau ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws yam, raws li interlocutors nyob rau hauv lub sib tham txheej txheem yeej paub zoo txog ntawm txhua lwm yam, thiab lawv yuav tsis muaj teeb meem kom tiav lub hlwb cov kab lus uas lwm tus neeg hais tias. Hom ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv psychology yog heev ntau haiv neeg, tab sis lub sib tham yog yus muaj los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias tag nrho cov no yog to taub nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus teb ntawm qhov teeb meem no. Ntawm no verbosity heev, vim hais tias txhua txhua kab lus ntau xyoo ib tug ntau ntawm muaj.

monologues

Hom ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv psychology yog zoo qhia tawm, thiab ib tug ntawm lawv yog ib tug monologue. Nws txawv ntawm qhov kev sib tham qhov tseeb hais tias ncaj kev koom tes nyob rau hauv nws yuav siv sij hawm ib tug neeg. Tus so yog passive listeners uas tsuas pom nws, tab sis tsis koom tes. Feem ntau, qhov no zoo ntawm kev hais lus siv hais lus, pej xeem ua hauj lwm los yog cov xib fwb. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov monologue zaj dab neeg yog ntau npaum li cas dua cov dialogic sib tham, vim hais tias cov hais lus yuav tsum muaj ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev txawj ntse. Nws yuav tsum coherently thiab li qhia siv kuj los tsim kom tau nws narrative thiab kom meej meej piav qhia yooj yim cov ntsiab lus, thiab txhua tus neeg yuav tsum tau ntsib kwm kev cai. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum khaws cov txhais tau tias thiab txoj kev uas yuav muaj nyob rau ib qho kev cov neeg tuaj saib, koj yuav tsum nqa mus rau hauv tus account lub hlwb mus ob peb vas ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib. Thiab, tseem ceeb tshaj, peb yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tswj tau nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv tej teeb meem no.

Lub active daim ntawv ntawm kev hais lus

Hom lus thiab hais lus nyob rau hauv psychology yog tseem muab faib nrog hwm mus rau ib tug leej twg hais lus thiab ib tug neeg uas tau txais. Nyob rau qhov no vim qhia los ntawm passive thiab active hais lus. Cov yav tas yuav pab ib tug neeg qhia nws kev xav, sib koom lawv tej kev kawm nrog lwm leej lwm tus. Tshwj xeeb suab mechanisms uas tswj thiab tswj lub active hais lus. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub cortex ntawm sab laug hemisphere ntawm lub paj hlwb, namely nyob rau hauv lub frontal ib feem. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev cheeb tsam, vim hais tias yog hais tias nws raug mob, tus txiv neej tsuas yuav tsis tau mus nrog lawv tham. Nyob rau hauv tus hais lus txoj kev kho uas ua txhaum yog hu ua "lub cev muaj zog aphasia".

passive

Inseparable xam tau tias yog kom nquag plias thiab passive ntaub ntawv ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv psychology. Luv luv tham txog lawv yog ib qhov nyuaj, vim hais tias nws yog ib tug sab heev lub ntsiab lus. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias tus me nyuam masters thawj passive hais lus. Hais tias yog, nws ua ntej nws to taub cov neeg hais lus nyob ib ncig ntawm. Ua li no, nws ua tib zoo mloog thiab nco thawj ob peb lo lus thiab ces cov nqe lus. Nws yuav pab nws mus hais thawj lo lus thiab txav nyob rau hauv no cov kev taw qhia. Yog li ntawd, passive hais lus no yog hu ua uas peb tau perceive. Tab sis qhov no lub npe yog zwj ceeb, raws li zoo raws li thaum lub sij hawm lub rooj sib hais, yog ib tug ntau ntawm complex dab. Txhua txhua lo lus hais rau peb, peb blurts "nws tus kheej", peb xav txog nws, txawm tias tus sab nraud tej yam tshwm sim ntawm tej kev ua si yog cai. Tab sis txawm no muaj kev zam, vim hais tias tsis yog txhua txhua mloog mus rau lub ib yam: ib co catch txhua txhua lo lus, thiab ib tug neeg tsis to taub lub essence ntawm qhov kev sib tham. Tej kev hais lus nyob rau hauv psychology yog piav raws li ua nyob rau tus neeg tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg. Ib txhia zoo li nquag hais lus, thiab passively txais ib tug neeg ib qho nyuaj rau muab cov ob dab, thiab lwm leej lwm tus yeej los ntawm ib tug ntawm lawv.

tsab ntawv

Raws li hais saum toj no, qhov yooj yim kev faib ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv psychology faib nws mus rau hauv hais lus thiab sau. Ob txhais lub ntsiab txawv nyob rau hauv lub fact tias nws muaj ib cov cab kuj khoom (daim ntawv, computer screen, lwm yam). Txawm tias qhov no thiab lwm yam tswv yim, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev sib txuas lus. Sau hais lus yog hais nkaus nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov neeg uas paub nws. Nyob rau hauv hais lus yog cov lus hais tib yam lus, ib tug tom qab lwm, thiab yav dhau los lo lus yog tsis tau mus cas pom, nws twb melted nyob rau hauv cov huab cua. Sau los ntawm qhov ncauj zaj dabneeg sib txawv thiab qhov tseeb hais tias tus nyeem ntawv yuav muaj peev xwm rov qab mus rau ib tug ib feem ntawm daim ntawv sau, hla tej qhov chaw thiab cia li kawm decoupling kev txiav txim. Qhov no muab ib co kom zoo dua rau no hom ntawm kev hais lus. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj mloog cov neeg tsis zoo versed nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm dab tsi, ces nws yuav zoo npaum li cas mus nyeem cov kev kawm cov ntaub ntawv ob peb lub sij hawm mus txeem tsaug ntau rau hauv lawv. Tsab ntawv no kuj yooj yim heev rau ib tug neeg uas qhia nws kev xav rau ntawm daim ntawv. Nws yuav thaum twg lub sij hawm kho qhov nws tsis nyiam los tsim kom tau ib tug tej yam qauv ntawm cov ntawv nyeem, nws tsis tshwm sim dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav dai kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj tshaj los ntawm ib tug zoo nkauj taw tes ntawm view. Tab sis tag nrho cov no yuav tsum tau ntau kev rau siab los ntawm tus sau, nws yuav tsum xav txog kev tsim kho ntawm txhua kab lus, sau nws kom raug, thaum expounding tus xav li cas li zoo li sai tau, tsis muaj ntau ntau "dej". Nws yuav nqa tawm ib tug yooj yim xyaum ua tej yam los pab to taub qhov txawv uas nqa cov hom ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv psychology. Tsav no yooj yim heev. Peb yuav tsum coj lub recorder thiab sau nws thaum lub sij hawm lub hnub sib txawv. Ces nws yuav tsum tau sau ntawv cia rau ntawm daim ntawv. Txhua tus me ntsis yuam kev, uas yog tsis ntaus nqi los ntawm lub pob ntseg, rau ntawm daim ntawv, tsuas yog tsis nyiam kev. Hais Lus, tsuas yog cov lus tseem siv ntau yam cuab yeej uas pab qhia rau tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm hais cov nqe lus. Cov no muaj xws suab, lub ntsej muag kab zauv thiab gestures. Thiab nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv yog tsim nyog los qhia txhua yam thiab tsis txhob siv thaum ua kom cov saum toj no txhais tau tias.

kev tig tau hais lus

Nyob rau ib lub sij hawm thaum cov neeg tsis tau kawm hais lus, kev tig tau hais lus yog tsuas txhais tau tias kev sib txuas lus. Tab sis tam sim no peb tau muab khaws cia tseg tsuas yog me me pieces of qhov kev sib tham. Qhov no kev xav pab txhais lus, namely gestures. Lawv muab qhia rau txhua leej txhua tus qhia kom pab tau tus hais lus teem cov neeg tuaj saib nyob rau hauv cov yam zam. Tab sis nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm muaj ib tug loj pawg ntawm cov neeg, uas yuav siv kev tig tau hais lus li ib tug loj. Cov no yog cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem nrog lub rooj sib hais thiab kev hais lus apparatus, uas yog lag ntseg. Lawv muab faib ua cov neeg uas tau yug los nrog ib tug pathology, thiab cov neeg uas tau poob lub peev xwm los mloog thiab hais lus vim muaj kev huam yuaj los yog kev mob nkeeg. Tab sis lawv tag nrho cov hais lus nyob rau hauv cov lus piav, thiab qhov no yog lub cai rau lawv. Qhov no hais lus yog ntau tsim dua cov ancient txiv neej, raws li ib tug kos npe rau system yog ntau tshaj.

puab hais lus

Meej pem ua si ntawm txhua tus neeg yog raws li nyob rau hauv tus xav li cas, nws yog, nyob rau hauv lem, yog hais txog mus rau lub puab hais lus. Tsiaj txhu kuj muaj lub rudiments ntawm thought thiab nco ntsoov, tab sis hais tias puab hais lus tso cai txiv neej los yeej zoo siab unprecedented kev txawj ntse thiab lub peev xwm uas rau ib tug paub tsis meej cov tsiaj. Raws li hais saum toj no, txhua hnov cov lus ntawm ib tug neeg repeats nyob rau hauv kuv lub taub hau, uas yog, reverberates. Cov tswvyim no yog zoo li zoo txuas mus rau lub hauv kev hais lus, vim hais tias nws muaj peev xwm instantly hloov mus rau nws. kev sib tham ntawm tus txiv neej nrog nws tus kheej yeej yog tus puab hais lus. Nws yuav them taus los ua pov thawj ib yam dab tsi thiab mus txhawb nqa, hais ib yam dab tsi los txhawb thiab cheer tsis muaj zuj zus tshaj lwm leej lwm tus.

hais lus muaj nuj nqi

Nws zog yog tag nrho cov hom ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv psychology. Rooj functionality ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv yuav ua tau ntau kom meej meej qhia tag nrho lawv cov ntsej muag.

Yog li, tib neeg hais lus muaj ntau yam ntaub ntawv, thiab txhua tus ntawm lawv yog indispensable rau tsim kom kev sib txuas lus.