Hom arthropods: general yam ntxwv, kev faib

Peb ntiaj chaw ciaj nrog sib txawv heev creatures, ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag peb muaj muaj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, peb tsom xam nyob rau hauv kom meej lub hom arthropods. General cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nyob beings yuav tau hais nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.

tooj

Nws yog cov coob thiab nplua nuj nyob rau hauv lub hom ntawm cov tsiaj ntiaj teb no. Cov neeg sawv cev muaj txog ib tug lab hom. Lawv tus xov tooj yog ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov uas muaj sia nyob rau ntawm peb lub ntiaj chaw, raws li ib tug nyob ntawm lub sij hawm no, thiab tu noob. Ua ntej peb yuav kawm txog lo lus nug "General yam ntxwv ntawm lub hom arthropods" (qib 7 theem nrab tsev kawm ntawv yog yuam ua hauj lwm kom paub cov me nyuam nrog rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm nws), nws yog tsim nyog los paub hais tias ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm tej yam uas tseem nyob twj ywm unexplored, qhov tseeb xov tooj tej zaum yuav raws cuag kaum lab los yog ntau tshaj.

Lawv yog cov heev qhov txhia chaw nyob rau hauv lub seas, dej hiav txwv, dej tsis qab ntsev los rau daim av. Raws li lub hom ecosystem kuv xaiv ib qho kev hom yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub evolution thiab zaub mov noj kom. Hom arthropods, cov kev yam ntxwv uas - peb hom phiaj tseem ceeb, muaj ntau haiv neeg kev mus npaj txog cov kev faib.

kev tiv thaiv

Peb twb hais tias lub hom muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov chaw, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm no muaj ntau haiv neeg, tag nrho lawv muaj kuj zoo xws li cov qauv ntawm lub cev. Xav hom arthropods (general yam ntxwv), peb nco ntsoov zoo sib xws - lwm nyuaj cev pob txha muaj li ntawm chitin. Ib txhia hom muaj ib tug exoskeleton, muaj ib tug lipid, protein thiab calcium carbonate. Qhov no txheej ce muab lawv nrog kev tiv thaiv thiab kev pab txhawb nqa rau lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub plhaub phab ntsa yog txuas leeg.

Tseem ceeb yog qhov tseeb hais tias tag nrho cov neeg raug molt, tus txheej txheem no yog vim lub fact tias cov exoskeleton tsis loj hlob, thiab thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsiaj yuav tsum tau ib tug loj tsev.

lub cev

Nplua nuj thiab varied hom arthropods. General yam ntxwv thiab muaj xws li tej nta li khiav lag. Cov tag nrho lub cev yog muab faib ua feem. Tej zaum lawv loj hlob ua ke, nyob rau hauv uas cov ntaub ntawv lawv yog hu ua tagmata, thiab cov txheej txheem - tagmasis. Ib tug piv txwv yog hu ua fused lub taub hau thiab qab plab thiab lub plab mog. Arthropods kuj muaj appendages nrog cov pob qij txha -. Qhov ntawd yog qhov chaw uas lub npe, lus txhais li "jointed taw"

Siv lub earliest thiab feem ntau txheej thaum ub arthropods, ces txhua ya ntawm lawv lub cev tau kab mob tau nrog tsuas yog ib khub ntawm appendages. Txawm li cas los, feem ntau ntawm cov hom hloov zuj zuj thiab hloov nqua, tsim los ntawm lwm yam, xws li:

• ncauj;
• tendrils;
• deev kabmob, thiab hais txog.

Nyob rau hauv arthropods lub appendages yuav tsum yog branched los yog unbranched.

Txoj kev xav, nkev pauv, ntshav

Muaj ntau cov neeg sawv cev tau zoo-tsim tsis totaub (paired compound ob lub qhov muag), txawm hais tias ib txhia tsis muaj no lub cib fim. Lub circulatory system tsis tau kaw, muaj tsis muaj cov hlab ntsha.

Gas pauv yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ob peb txoj kev:

• gills;
• lub raj cua;
• ntsws.

Feem ntau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm arthropods dioecious, feem ntau yog fertilization tshwm sim hauv lawv, thiab nteg qe.

Hom arthropods: general yam ntxwv, kev faib

Qhov no symmetrical tsiaj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hais tias lawv yog los ntawm cov annelids. Yog hais tias zoo analyzed, peb yuav pom tau kev zoo sib thooj nyob rau hauv cov qauv. Qhov tshaj plaws xwb nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob thiab evolution ntawm cov thawj tau mus txog ib theem siab ntawm lub koom haum. Arthropods (ntau hom yam ntxwv, taxonomy thiab lwm yam teeb meem yuav tsum ua neeg dawb huv nyob rau hauv kom meej) yog muab faib mus rau hauv lub nram qab no lub ntsiab kawm:

• shellfish;
• arachnids;
• kab.

Nyob rau hauv lem, txhua chav kawm ntawv no tau muab faib mus rau hauv pab pawg. Piv txwv li, cov crustaceans cais: Cladocera, copepods thiab decapod. Los ntawm arachnids muaj xws li: kab laug sab, mites thiab scorpions. Thiab kab dab tsi rau ib tug heev loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov chav nyob, xws li:

• Orthoptera;
• dragonflies;
• Diptera;
• Coleoptera;
• Hemiptera;
• Hymenoptera;
• Homoptera;
• dev mub, thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Xav txog txhua chav kawm ntawv nyias.

crustaceans

Nws yog ib tug heev muaj ntau haiv neeg hauv chav kawm ntawv, numbering txog plaub caug txhiab hom. Yeej, lawv muaj peev xwm yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lub seas thiab dej tsis qab ntsev lub cev, tab sis muaj ib txhia uas tau mastered rau lub teb chaws.

Txawm tias lub hom arthropods (crustaceans chav kawm ntawv, ib tug general piav qhia ntawm uas yog xam nyob rau hauv seem no) yog nplua nuj heev, tab sis nws yog ua tau qhia hais tias yuav ib tug xov tooj zoo sib xws mus rau thaum xaus ntawm ntu no peb muab ib lub rooj los pab systematize lub mas yuav kis tau paub.

Lawv floating, nkag los yog txuas txoj kev ua neej. Co muaj txawm cab. Raws li hais ua ntej lawm, txawv Arthropod yim khiav lag luam ntawm lub cev, lawv muaj cov hoob kawm no, muaj kaum rau tsib caug.

Cia peb xub kawm txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug raug tus neeg sawv cev ntawm no hauv chav kawm ntawv, qhov zoo-paub Crayfish. Los ntawm lub npe nws kom tau muaj tseeb hais tias nws nyob rau hauv cov dej tshiab. Nws lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qhov thiab rau tib neeg yog heev. Nco ntsoov tias koj yuav txawm qhov txawv cov tsos txiv neej thiab poj niam.

Kev ua tiav thaum hmo ntuj, nws noj xwb tsob nroj khoom noj khoom haus, noj mov ob nyob thiab tuag prey. ntawm mature neeg ntawm loj - kaum tsib centimeters los yog ntau tshaj, lawv molt ib xyoos ib zaug, nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais tsiaj, txoj kev no tshwm sim ob peb zaug ib xyoos.

Raws li nrog rau lwm cov mej zeej ntawm lub arthropods, lub circulatory system yog tsis tau kaw lub plawv zoo li pentahedral hnab thiab txuas mus rau sab nraum qab ntawm lub npog tas ib ce. Nws yog tseem ceeb kom paub qhov tseeb hais tias lub taub hau thiab lub cev muaj kev cob cog. Tactile thiab olfactory tsis totaub ntse vim ntev whiskers. Ob lub qhov muag tsau rau lub complex thiab flagella uas reimburses lub immobility ntawm lub taub hau.

Hom arthropods, arachnids hoob kawm: a general txheej txheem cej luam

Cia li zoo li yav dhau los ib tug, nws yog nplua nuj heev, muaj ntau tshaj peb caug txhiab hom nyob beings, feem ntau ntawm uas nyob rau lub teb chaws, tab sis tseem muaj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub thib ob dej. Raws li nrog rau crustaceans, lawv muaj ib tug cephalothorax, nyob rau hauv Ntxiv rau qhov no muaj yog lub plab mog. Nco ntsoov tias yim khiav lag luam yog kev kawm mus rau kev hloov (ib co clamps tsis muaj ib tug segmented lub cev, xws li ib tug dog).

Tus thawj lub cev ya (cephalothorax) hniav nws tus kheej mus rau lub rau officers ntawm nqua:

• Ob tug officers - maxilliped.
• Plaub khub niam txiv - nogoschupaltsy.

Nyob rau lub plab mog tsis muaj nqua, tab sis ib co mej zeej ntawm no hauv chav kawm ntawv tau raug fwm ntsws hnab, pem teb phaj los yog spinneret.

Lwm qhov txawv feature arachnids - yog ib tug txheej txheej muaj lipoprotein, uas tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv dej tsis tau. Feem ntau cov muaj ib tug lom kab laug sab thiab mob cancer. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, arachnids - txhom, tab sis ib tug loj pawg txog li cab thiab herbivores. Ua tsis taus pa yog ua los ntawm pulmonary hnab los yog lub raj cua, tab sis tus kab laug sab nrog kev pab los ntawm cov ob lub cev. Lub nruab nrog pom, kov, tsis hnov tsw thiab saj yog tsim zoo heev, tab sis ib txhia zuam lub zeem muag yog tsis tuaj kiag li.

Fertilization yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw hauv, pom nyob rau hauv tej yam hom ntawm zuam thiab cov scorpions nyob yug. Txawm tias qhov no hauv chav kawm ntawv yog heev ntau haiv neeg, tiam sis feem ntau tseem ceeb muaj xws li cov pab pawg raws li:

• Kab laug sab.
• Zuam.
• Scorpions.

kab

Ntawm no yog ib lub rooj uas qhia lub ntsiab nta ntawm kab.

Qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg yog kawm hauv chav kawm ntawv, tab sis tsis muaj tsawg tseem ceeb tshaj lwm tus, nws yog tsis zoo kawm los ntawm science xwb vim hais tias nws yog tub ntxhais hluas.