Hnyuv: piav qhia, qauv thiab muaj nuj nqi

Yuav ua li cas mus nrog ib tug nyias thiab txoj hnyuv loj? Yuav ua li cas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov sawv cev qhov chaw ntawm lub digestive ib ntsuj av tau? Yuav ua li cas yog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov hnyuv ua si nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm haum cov as-ham? Peb yuav sim los teb tej lus thiab lwm yam lus nug nyob rau hauv lub cuav.

Ib feem ntawm cov hnyuv ntawm tus neeg

Paub qhov txawv tej me plob tsis so tswj:

1. Duodenum txuas mus rau lub plab cheeb tsam perverse. Qhov no thawj zaug me me hnyuv tas ib lub voj ncig ntawm lub horseshoe txiav. Lub duodenum yog yuav luag nkaus nyob rau hauv lub retroperitoneal kab noj hniav. Tshaj ntawd cov kev txwv ntawm lub chaw xwb nws me me appendage - ampoule.
2. Jejunum ntaub ntawv lub sab sauv hnyuv. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm xya loops uas pw nyob rau sab laug sab ntawm lub peritoneum.
3. Ileum nyob rau hauv lub sab cheeb tsam ntawm lub plab mog. Nws lub kawg ntawm lub voj kis nyob rau hauv lub pelvic cheeb tsam. Lub ileum yog kev cob cog rua rau cov kab thiab yog nyob ze sib thooj mus rau lub zais zis, lub tsev menyuam (nyob rau hauv cov poj niam).

lub cev tsis

Qhov saum toj no seem ntawm cov hnyuv txawv feem muaj ib tug tsis taub. Nyob rau hauv lub distal tsam index yog 2-3 cm proximal rau - 4-6. Lub thickness ntawm lub plab hnyuv phab ntsa yog sib npaug zos rau 2-3 hli thiab nce mus txog 4.5 nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txo cov ntaub so ntswg. Qhov ntev ntawm cov hnyuv raws li ib tug tag nrho yuav ua tau 5-6 meters. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws hnyav rau cov neeg laus yog ze li ntawm 650

Hnyuv: departments, kev siv,

Qhov loj zom cov zaub mov dab noj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv. Cov txheej membrane ntawm lub zos cov ntaub so ntswg ua ib tug enormous nqi ntawm active enzyme. Lawv ua hummus - khoom noj khoom haus gruel tsim los ntawm pais plab juices. Ntawm no pab tau cov ntsiab yog absorbed rau hauv lub qog thiab cov ntshav hlab ntsha uas muab lawv thauj mus ntaub so ntswg thiab hloov khoom nruab nrog nruab. Xav txog dab tsi zog yog ua los ntawm seem ntawm cov hnyuv:

• Duodenum - lub hydrolysis ntawm cov nqaijrog, carbohydrates, cov rog. Nws muab ib qho active zus tau tej cov digestive enzymes. Dab lub undigested cov khoom noj seem cov kua tsib thauj ntawm lub plab txheem.
• Jejunum - lub cev muaj zog, xuas, hormonal muaj nuj nqi, cov hydrolysis ntawm polymers.
• Iliac cheeb tsam - thauj thiab lub cev muaj zog muaj nuj nqi. Nws muab haum ntawm tshuaj uas yog tsim los ntawm cov hydrolysis. Refines kua tsib acids.

Lub peev xwm ntawm lub hlwb ntawm cov hnyuv mus rau lub lawm ntau lawm

Zus tau tej cov tshuaj hormones ua raws li ib txog kev ua ntawm lub zos cov ntaub so ntswg. Ib feem ntawm cov hnyuv yog tsis tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov hnyuv, tab sis kuj yog ib feem ntawm lub endocrine system. Nws ua ib tug dav daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj hormones uas tswj cov thauj thiab lub cev muaj zog ua si ntawm lub hnyuv thiab digestive.

Nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv tsom tom ntej no txheej endocrine hlwb:

• I-hlwb - tsim cholecystokinin;
• D-hlwb - somatostatin;
• M-hlwb - motilin;
• G-hlwb - gastrin;
• K-hlwb - glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide;
• S- hlwb - secretin.

Lub ib thooj ntawm cov tshuaj uas ua hlwb nyob rau hauv lub jejunum thiab duodenum. Feem me me ntawm lawv - nyob rau hauv lub iliac.

Yuav ua li cas puas zom cov zaub mov nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv?

Plab zom mov nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv raws li nram no. Pre-kho cov qaub ncaug thiab pais plab kua txiv sis plawv hniav los ntawm lub plab yog acidic. Nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv loj yog sawv cev los ntawm alkaline nres. Yog li pom tej yam kev mob rau cov zauv as-ham enzymes. Cleavage ntawm cov protein Cheebtsam ntawm cov khoom noj slurry yog los ntawm cov nram qab no cov ntsiab ntawm cov plab hnyuv txiv:

1. Enzymes enterokinase, kinazogen, trypsin ua tej yam yooj yim proteins.
2. Erepsin cleaves peptides rau hauv amino acids.
3. Nuclease shares lw complex molecules ntawm protein keeb kwm, lub npe hu ua nucleoproteins.
4. Enzymes maltase, phosphatase, amylase thiab lactase zom carbohydrates.
5. Lipase converts rog.

Tom qab synthesis ntawm pab tshuaj los ntawm cov zaub mov sis plawv hniav los ntawm kev kho mob nrog enzymes, proteinaceous thiab carbohydrate povntawv yog absorbed los ntawm cov villi hauv cov hnyuv. Ntxiv ib txoj lw ntsiab ua rau tus venous cov hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv lub siab cov ntaub so ntswg. Nyob rau hauv lem, tus rog muab xa mus rau lub lymphatic system.

Cov kab mob hauv cov hnyuv

Cov feem ntau ailments uas cuam tshuam rau me me hnyuv, yog cov raws plab thiab tso quav ncua txoj. Defecation mob yog feem ntau nrog los ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev mob nyob rau hauv lub peritoneum. Heev feem ntau, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev qaug tshuaj lom thiab mob hauv cov hnyuv muaj ntau ntawm flatulence. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus mob yog luv luv, muaj mob loj tsawv thiab tsis yog ib tug loj tshaj nyob rau hauv lub tsis xis nyob.

Ib tug ntau cov tsos mob ntawm failures nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm cov hnyuv - rumbling nyob rau hauv lub peritoneum, cov kev xav ntawm atypical taw nyob rau hauv lub plab mog. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, cov tsos mob no yog cov kev tshwm sim ntawm ntau nkev ntau lawm los ntawm kev noj ntawm legumes, zaub qhwv, qos yaj ywm, rye khob cij. Zoo heev tej cov tsos mob no yuav ua tau thaum hmo ntuj.

Yog xav paub ntxiv loj txim ua rau swb nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov enzymes thiab splitting ntawm chyme rau micronutrients. Yog hais tias kev zom vim haum ntawm tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav thiab cov qog cov hlab ntsha, tsis tshwm sim zoo, nws tej zaum yuav ua rau poob phaus, weakening ntawm tus pob txha thiab tej nqaij. Lub txim ntawm kem plab yog feem ntau cov plaub hau tsis, qhuav tawv nqaij, qhov tsos ntawm o nyob rau hauv lub extremities.

Muaj ntau ntau yooj yim tej yam kev mob uas ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pathologies nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv:

• Malabsorption - malabsorption cov as-ham.
• Maldigestion - tsawg digestive kev ua si.

Yog hais tias peb tham txog cov tsis txaus zoo ntawm cov zaub mov ua slurry, uas zoo sib xws phenomena tshwm sim tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm ntawm tsawg theem ntawm enzymes nyob rau hauv lub plab hnyuv juices. Tsis tshua muaj fermentation yuav ua tau ob qho tib si mas yuav kis tau thiab caj. Feem ntau qhov no pathology npaj protrude txim ntawm mob mob, endocrine ntshawv siab, phais tiv thaiv.

diagnostics

Yuav kom tshawb nrhiav qhov kev loj hlob ntawm plab hnyuv kab mob, cov kws txawj muaj resorted mus rau xws txoj kev tshawb nrhiav:

• capsule xeem;
• SPL;
• mus xoos hnyuv laus;
• endoscopy;
• fibroscopy;
• radiography.

Nrog hais txog tus tsom xam, muaj yog muab ib tug txheej txheem txheej txheem. Tus neeg mob rents quav, cov ntshav yog npaum li cas. Cov quav tau soj ntsuam kuaj rau lub xub ntiag ntawm cua nab. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov ntshav yog muab rau tus account cov kev ceev ntawm lub zog ntawm cov ntshav liab. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua diagnostics, uas tso cai rau kev ntsuam xyuas qhov siab thiab cov thyroid caj pas.

kev kho mob

Therapy tswj es ua kom cov kev khiav dej num ntawm cov hnyuv, yuav, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov tshem tawm ntawm lwm cov kab mob. Nrog ib tug tsis muaj enzymes nyob rau hauv lub plab hnyuv kua noj npaj muaj lawv hluavtaws hloov. Qhov no poob phaus yog muab txhais tau tias rau parenteral kev noj haus ntaub so ntswg. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov tsis ntev los no muaj cov ib tug emulsion ntawm cov nqaijrog, amino acids, protein hydrolysates, concentrated qabzib.

Yog hais tias cov teeb meem no yog tshwm sim los ntawm plab hnyuv dysbiosis, muab tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov yav tas yuav ntxias ib feem los sis tag nrho kev puas tsuaj ntawm pab muaj. Vim li no, tom qab qhov kev kho mob rau tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau kev txais neeg kawm "Bifikol", "Lactobacterin" los yog "kolibakterin" - lom khoom uas hais tias muaj ib tug zoo feem nyob rau restoration ntawm plab hnyuv biocenosis.

Heev feem ntau, cov neeg mob uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ntshawv siab nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv, yog muab tso rau tau txais cov tshuaj uas ua rau lub tsiaj hiav txwv quav. Cov no muaj xws tshuaj uas muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm calcium, Bismuth. Yog hais tias lub tsim ntawm cov kua quav ua tsis txaus adhesion fatty acids, mus kho qhov teeb meem muaj resorted mus rau qhov kev siv ntawm tshuab txais carbon. Tag nrho cov saum toj no tsis zoo tsim yuav tsum tau pre-kev kho mob rau cov kws kho mob. Yuav kom coj cov hnyuv mus rau li qub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los mus muab up tus kheej, raws sij hawm mob thiab txaus recourse mus tsim cov kws kho mob.

Nyob rau hauv xaus

Yog li ntawd peb ntsia uas nws tus kheej yog ib tug me me hnyuv kev sib cais, tus qauv sawv cev ib feem ntawm lub digestive ib ntsuj av. Raws li koj tau pom, lub zos cov ntaub so ntswg yog ncaj qha mus muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv khoom noj khoom haus ua, splitting nws mus rau hauv nyias muaj nyias ib minerals. Hnyuv ua enzymes, cov vitamins, cov tshuaj hormones, neeg uas txhim khu lub cev muaj nuj nqi. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm kab lig uas nyob rau hauv nws cov phab ntsa, yeej ib txwm ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm pathological tej yam kev mob.