Genri Longfello: Biography thiab Works

Creativity Henry Longfellow paub tej yam ntau los yog tsawg dua kawm ntawv tus neeg. Nws romantic paj huam - ib tug kaj nplooj nyob rau hauv American ntaub ntawv thiab kab lis kev cai. Peb piav qhia txog yuav ua li cas hloov zuj zuj txoj hmoo ntawm lub kws sau paj lug, uas muaj ib tug tej yam nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm li cas thiab phau ntawv uas koj yuav tsum nyeem txhua txhua txawj sau ntawv.

Childhood thiab lub hauv paus pib

Lub neej yav tom ntej kws sau paj lug Genri Longfello yug rau lub ob hlis ntuj 27, 1807 nyob rau hauv Portland , Maine. Nws tsev neeg tuaj ntawm Yorkshire. Henry lub pog koob yawg koob tuaj mus rau Teb Chaws Asmeskas nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, thiab ua raws li ib tug nruj Puritan views. Nyob rau hauv lub zos me me ntawm Portland, Longfellow tsev neeg enjoyed zoo sib hwm. Cov txiv rau yav tom ntej txawj sau ntawv yog ib tug kws lij choj, ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Congress thiab muab nws tsev neeg zoo hmoov zoo.

Henry lub thaum yau nyob rau hauv abundance thiab yuav devote lawv lub sij hawm rau koj nyiam ua. Nws yog heev dreamy thiab impressionable tus me nyuam. Thaum tus tub hnov cov neeg tsav nkoj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nres nkoj hais tias nyob rau hauv lus Mev, Fabkis, Italian, ib txhia xav nyob deb pawg neeg thaj av thiab ua npau suav uas mus txawv tebchaws thiab taug txuj kev nyuaj. Nws nyeem ib tug ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog fond ntawm Washington Irving. Nws yog nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lub American romance Longfellow pib sim koj tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov paj huam. Twb tau nyob rau 13 xyoo, Henry luam tawm nws thawj kwv huam nyob rau hauv lub zos lub nroog ntawv xov xwm.

tsim

Thawj hom kev kawm Genri Longfello, uas nws biography twb txuam nrog Portland nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo nyob rau hauv nws cov haiv neeg lub nroog. Tom qab hais tias nws mus rau Boudensky College, Harvard University, qhov uas nws kawm yav tom ntej ntawm lub zoo heev American txawj sau ntawv, romantic Nathaniel Hawthorne.

Nyob rau hauv 1825, Henry kawm tiav los ntawm tsev kawm qib siab thiab tau muaj cov ncej ntawm xib fwb ntawm niaj hnub lus. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kis tau ib tug tsim nyog kev soj ntsuam, Longfellow mus rau loj European ncig xyuas uas tau lasted rau peb lub xyoos. Nws cov kwv tij mus rau Ltalis, Fabkis, Spain, England, qhov twg heev kawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab hom lus. Tom qab hais tias nws yog npaj txhij rau pib qhia.

Science thiab qhia

Nyob rau hauv 1829, Genri Uodsuort Longfello, uas nws biography tau yeej ib txwm tau txuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv thiab mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Bowden College. Tom qab 6 xyoo, nws tau caw mus rau ib tug professorship ntawm Harvard University. Los ntawm kev lig kev cai Longfellow thawj mus rau teb chaws Europe, qhov twg nws txoj kev txawj ntse nws thaum lub sij hawm lub xyoo. Tom qab ntawd nws mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau ntawm lub Harvard.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm kev qhia ntawv, Henry tau tsim ob peb nqi los ntawm ib tug scientific point of view, lub ntsiab kev kawm rau European ntaub ntawv, nws kuj luam tawm ob peb translations ntawm cov tej hauj lwm ntawm Spanish ntaub ntawv. Lub University Longfellow sau kom txog rau thaum 1854, nrog rau kev qhia ntawv, nws koom nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv ua hauj lwm.

hu

Kev ntshaw mus rau cov ntaub ntawv, Henry Longfellow tej nyob rau hauv thaum tiav hluas. Nws thawj thwmsim twb poetic, tab sis tom qab ntawd nws dabbled nyob rau hauv prose. Nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, nws tau sau ib tug ntau ntawm cov paj huam, tab sis nws yog tus tsuas yog tus menyuam kawm ntawv thwmsim. Raws li ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Henry feem ntau xa mus rau hauv cov phau ntawv Magazine thiab ntawv xov xwm, thiab txawm nws cov paj huam luam tawm. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no nws luam tawm hais txog 40 me me kwv huam. Nws impressions ntawm lub dawm mus rau cov teb chaws Europe Longfellow teev nyob rau hauv prose, nws yog ib yam ntawm cov mus txawv tebchaws chaw muag mis nyuj, hu ua "Pilgrimage ntawm lub hiav txwv." Qhov no ua hauj lwm twb luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1835. Tsis tau Longfellow yug kws sau paj lug, yog li qhov kawg ntawm lub 1830s nws pib mus rau sau paj huam heev dua lwm yam.

creation

Tus thawj lub npe hu mus rau lub kws sau paj lug tuaj tom qab ntawv ntawm cov paj huam "A Psalm ntawm lub neej", tus qauv naïve lyrics. Txij thaum lig 30s, nws tsis tu ncua luam tawm collections ntawm paj huam, uas yog muab ib tug ruaj khov lub neej ntawm koob meej ntawm tus sau. Henry Longfellow, verses uas nws yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv peb pawg neeg, mus los ntawm ua ib tug copycat thiab romance paub tab sau nrog ci pej xeem.

Ib feem ntawm cov tej hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug - qhov no translations thiab imitations ntawm European sau phau ntawv. Nws txhais ua lus Askiv, "Tus Divine Comedy" los ntawm Dante, thiab nws yog ib tug tiag tiag masterpiece. Qhov no pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li ntau ballads Longfellow tsoos European kawm.

Qhov thib ob pab pawg neeg ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm Genri Longfello - ib tug philosophical lyrics nrog me ntsis ntxoov ntxoo didacticism. Nws muaj xws li, piv txwv li, tej hauj lwm ntawm "Noog", "Lub suab ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj", "Iris" thiab lwm tus neeg.

Qhov thib peb pab pawg neeg ntawm phau ntawv ntawm lub kws sau paj lug - nws yog nws thwmsim rau lub creation ntawm ib lub teb chaws epic, lawv muaj xws li lub npe nrov "Song ntawm Hiawatha" thiab "Evangeline". Sawv tawm daim Longfellow mob siab los txhawb cov tswv yim ntawm txoj kev ywj pheej thiab kev cawm dim los ntawm cov kev ua qhev ntawm qhev. Nyob rau hauv lub 40s ntau US paj huam muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub abolitionist zog, lub zog rau lub abolition ntawm kev ua cev qhev, tab sis Henry txawv nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv no lub npe yog me npaum li cas tshaj ntau yam ntawm nws lug txhawb cov miv.

Thaum lub sij hawm nws txawj hauj lwm Longfellow tso 15 cov phau ntawv ntawm paj huam, raws li zoo li ib tug ob peb tug neeg kwv huam thiab kwv huam. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv nws txojsia muaj ntau ntau translations thiab ib qho zoo heev anthology ntawm European paj huam.

"Lub Song ntawm Hiawatha"

Tseem, rau cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm lub ntsiab kev kawm tau ntawm Genri Longfello - "Lub Song ntawm txoj kev Hiawatha." Qhov no paj huam twb luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1855, nws poetic dimension borrowed "Kalevala" epic ntawm tus naas ej Karelian. Cov zajlus yog coj los ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm Native American Indian legends. Cov kws sau paj lug qhia lub cosmogonic myths xwb ntawm Aboriginal, nrhiav kev tsim ib lub teb chaws American epics xws li cov Scandinavian "Edda". Lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog neeg ncaj poetic daim ntawv thiab elegance ntawm style. Niaj hnub no, "Lub Song ntawm Hiawatha" - ib tug classic ntawm American cov ntaub ntawv.

Tej lub neej

Cov kws sau paj lug Henry Longfellow, uas nws biography yog txuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv, tau muaj kev vam meej nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm, tab sis tsis zoo siab heev nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej lub neej. Tus thawj lub sij hawm nws yuav nws classmate Fanny nyob rau hauv xyoo 1831. Cov khub nyob ua ke rau xwb 4 xyoo. Nws tus poj niam tuag thaum lub sij hawm lawv sib koom mus txawv tebchaws los cov teb chaws Europe. Los ntawm no kev sib yuav yog 1 tus me nyuam. Henry yuav ib tug thib ob lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv 1843. Cov kev sib yuav yog kev zoo siab, qhov ob peb yug los 5 cov me nyuam. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1861, nws tus poj niam tuag tragically nyob rau hauv ib tug tua hluav taws. Qhov no puas siab puas ntsws kev poob plig rau ib ntev lub sij hawm coj Henry tawm ntawm tshuav nyiaj li cas. Lub xeem xyoo ntawm tus kws sau paj lug kev txom nyem los ntawm rheumatism, tab sis txuas ntxiv mus ua hauj lwm. Nws tuag rau Lub peb hlis ntuj 24, 1882 nyob rau hauv Cambridge.