Cov insecure ua piv txwv qhia. Piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv

Creative correlation zog thiab cwj pwm ntawm ib yam khoom rau ntau nyem artistic sawv cev ntawm lwm - qhov no yog qhov muaj nuj nqi ntawm kev sau ntawv metaphors. Piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais tias nws tag nrho: no muaj tswv yim foundations - ib qho cuab artistic zoo. Literature nruj me ntsis siv cov ua piv txwv qhia nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Thaum muaj tau txais mus rau hauv nws, nws ua ib qho tseem ceeb heev ib feem ntawm nws.

Lub artistic cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm yuav luag txhua phau ntawv classic - ib storehouse ntawm xws kev sib raug zoo. Sau nrog lawv lub tswv yim ntawm Pushkin thiab Lermontov, los tsim artistic cov piv txwv ntawm metaphors uas tau ua zoo heev accents nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb toj roob hauv pes lyrics. Cim duab ntawm cov dej caij yog tsim Pushkin Ke "dawb pas dej", "ciav ntawm kev hlub", "dej ua npuas ncauj", "Hais txog dej," "txias daus", "hauv daim iav ntawm tus dej ntws." Lermontov metaphors li pov: "tsuag kua muag," "Hiav txwv lub neej". Qhov no daim ntawv teev yuav tsum tau significantly nce. Lub aforementioned classics thiab niaj hnub no rau peb associative thiab kev xaav, correlating zog ntawm tus tib neeg ntsuj plig nrog lub cim puab ntawm qhov. Creative xav classics ua rau nws yooj yim mus muab cov piv txwv ntawm qhov ua piv txwv: "Lub neej Myší bustle", "Ntsuj rau hluav taws", "peb haus dej haus los ntawm lub khob ntawm lub neej", "Northstar", "Hmo ntuj tus duab ntxoov ntxoo", "Elemental alarming ib pab", "lub caij ntuj no qub poj niam" "silence ntawm lub hmo ntuj," "nab ntawm xob laim." Qhov no daim ntawv teev yog kev txom.

Ntau txoj kev koom ua kom muaj ncauj lus kom ntxaws metaphors. Piv txwv li cov ntaub ntawv tropes Mandel'shtam sau cov khoom. Nws zaj paj huam "dab dej" ua rau cov nyeem ntawv lub koom haum "dab dej tsis muaj pearls" nrog tus sau thiab nws tus hlub poj niam - lub hiav txwv, muab sawv, thiab lub fullness ntawd.

Cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm lub metaphors tsim Lavxias teb sab linguists. Lawv txiav txim hais tias cov zajlus ke muaj ib lub neej voj voog. Viktor Maksimovich Zhirmunsky pom qhov teeb meem ntawm "faded metaphors", nyob rau hauv uas peb yuav tsum tau xa ntawv. Piv txwv li - ib tug obsolete lo lus metaphorical keeb kwm ntawm lub "imp" (nyob rau hauv peb to taub - ib tug thajmaum tus me nyuam). Ploj ke thiab vim lawv pom. ( "Koojtis tsev" maj tsiv mus rau hauv lub architecture.) Konstantin Aleksandrovich Kedrov thawj coined lub sij hawm "metametafora". Nws essence nyob rau hauv txhua txhua yam khoom koj yuav mus rau hauv infinite raws li lub ntug. Mihail Naumovich Epshteyn tau hais tseg lub sij hawm "metabolite" - "razdvizheniya" puab lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom, hais txog lawv nrog ob peb lub tswv yim.

Tig tom qab lwm pab pawg neeg ntawm cov zajlus metaphors - lus. Lawv muaj kev generic zog: kuj free, nco qauv uas feem ntau siv los ntawm cov neeg sib txawv nyob rau hauv uas zoo sib xws tej yam. Txawm li cas los, cov lus piv txwv qhia feeb "muaj dawb nkag tau mus" nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem. Artistic dluab yog tus kheej los ntawm tus thawj lawm ntawm kev hais lus. Lavxias teb sab txawj critic thiab txawj sau ntawv Aleksandr Pavlovich Kvyatkovsky sau tias hais lus allegories tawg nyob rau hauv sauv rov qab ib ncig ntawm txhua tus neeg, "kiv taub hau", "lub tshav ntawm lub nce", "hlawv ob lub qhov muag", "lub nag". Muaj tseeb tiag, kev txom lus metaphors. Piv txwv ntawm cov ntawv tseeb - tsis yog lub tsuas ua qauv qhia ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov. Qhov no zoo ntawm tropes (art daim) tau ntev tau txais yuav los ntawm ntau kev chaw: politicians, neeg sau xov xwm, advertising cov neeg ua hauj, cov xib fwb. Yog nws los ntawm lub caij? Cov lus teb cov lus dag nyob rau hauv lub thaj chaw ntawm metaphors. Psychologists hais tias nws yog nyuaj rau koj nco ntsoov tus so ntawm lub txawj ntawv nyeem vim hais tias cov uas ua ncaj qha rau ntawm tus tib neeg lub subconscious. Ua piv txwv qhia -Ideal cuab tam yog tias koj xav tau mus dhau, los qhia foundations, los txhawb neeg tej kev ntseeg, lawv mus ob peb vas. Nws yog li ntawd haib tias nws yog siv nyob rau hauv transterapii.

Tej zaum hais tias yog vim li cas tus sau phau ntawv ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab yuav tsum tau qhia tsis tau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv puas metaphors. Piv txwv li, raws li lawv hais, yuav tsis tau mus rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm. Lub classic tshiab "Tus Catcher nyob rau hauv lub Rye" (thawj lub npe - "Catcher nyob rau hauv lub grain teb"), txawm nyob rau hauv nws cov title muaj ib tug qauv ntawm metaphors. Piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv XX xyoo pua, hmoov tsis, feem ntau nqa ib tug xwb tsis txaus siab, mob siab heev. "Ruam thaum yau", "khoom txiv qaub", "ua qias li ntawd, yuav hais lus," "damned phau ntawv sau," "kev phem tus cwj pwm", "txaus ntshai dag", "dhia nyob rau rostrum thiab tshuab," "cov hniav ... tuaj pwm," "Kuv, dhau lawm, yuav ua tau tshuaj lom. " Tag nrho cov, tsis muaj kev zam, cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub tshiab Salinger impregnated nyuaj siab. Cov kev tshwm sim correlate kos duab phau ntawv rau lub neej tiag tiag hais lus rau lawv tus kheej.

John Hinckley tua ntawm Ronald Reagan twb muaj los ntawm no tshiab. 19-xyoo-laus Dzhon Bardo, proizvevshy tuag txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv nyob rau hauv lub Hollywood actress Rebecca Schaeffer, tuav nyob rau hauv nws sab laug tes Salinger "Catcher." Tom qab tsib rounds nyob rau hauv tus mlom ntawm lab ntawm cov John Lennon Mark Chepmen calmly yuav cov tub ceev xwm, zaum nyob rau hauv ib lub teeb nrog rau kev qhib phau ntawv nyob rau hauv nws txhais tes.