Celt - ib tug zoo tub rog

Archaeological excavations Niaj hnub no lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub neej ntawm cov Celts, lawv kab lis kev cai, kev ntseeg, crafts. Sau ntawv cov ntaub ntawv fwm nyob rau hauv Greek thiab Roman sau phau ntawv, lub ancient Celts thaum ntxov medieval chroniclers qhia ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, txuag koj tus kheej npe muab qhov chaw npe thiab lus dab neeg.

ib cov neeg

Celt - ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm ib tug ancient pawg neeg uas nyob rau hauv lub thawj Millennium BC nyob rau hauv lub loj heev cheeb tsam ntawm Western teb chaws Europe. Cov Celts yog los ntawm ib tug tib prehistoric Indo-European neeg.

Los ntawm no ancient haiv neeg tom qab tsim Germans, Slavs, Pawxia, Latins, tu noob tom qab Goths, raws li zoo raws li Khab. Thiab ces lawv twb xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm tsim haiv neeg, xws li cov Slavs tau muab faib mus rau hauv peb pab neeg: cov western - lub Czechs, Slovaks, Tug; Eastern - Lavxias teb sab, Belarusian, Ukrainian; sab qab teb - Bulgarians, Croats, Serbs, Macedonians. Cov Celts yog cov pog koob yawg koob niaj hnub Scots, Irish, Breton, Welsh.

Txhob kaw ib Indo-European cov neeg uas nyob tsib txhiab xyoo dhau los nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Russia (niaj hnub Krasnodar cheeb tsam), thaum pib ntawm lub hnub nyoog bronze tau tsim tsis tsuas bronze riam phom, tab sis kuj yees lub log thiab lub nyeg nees. Nrog cov tshiab riam phom, kev cai nyob rau hauv lub convoys, ceev cavalry lawv tau yooj yim kev ntes tshiab territories nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe thiab Asia, yog li ua tom qab ib yam ntawm cov feem ntau pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg nyob rau lub ntiaj teb.

Cov lus ntawm lub Celts

Nyob rau hauv Western teb chaws Europe, nws tsim ib tug tshiab lub zej lub zos ntawm Indo-Europeans - lub Celts nrog qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub Alps. Yog li ntawd Celt - ib cov cab kuj ntawm lub alpine lus pab pawg neeg. Qhov tseem heev heev ntawm cov neeg no yog hu ua galls. Thaum lub sij hawm lub Roman conquest lawv cov lus twb tau pab los ntawm Latin, vim li cas cov zoo los ntawm kev siv. Tom qab ntawd, cov Celtic pab pawg neeg nyob rau hauv dab tsi yog tam sim no Fabkis, twb raug mus rau lub ntxeem tau ntawm lub Germans los ntawm lub sab qaum teb (cov pawg neeg ntawm cov Franks).

Nyob rau hauv lub UK, vim lub remoteness ntawm Albion, lub Celts tswj tau lawv kab lis kev cai thiab lus los ntawm raug ua qhev los ntawm cov neeg Loos. Hauv Celts Albion rov qab mus rau hauv thaum ntxov muaj hnub nyoog hlau (ib ncig ntawm 600 BC. E.). Celt - ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub fragmented pab pawg neeg uas tsis paub txog lawv tus kheej raws li ib tug tib neeg.

Druids

Peb txhiab xyoo dhau los, kuv twb yug los rau hauv lub kev cai dab qhuas cult ntawm lub Druids, uas muaj tus dawb huv inviolability. Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug hauv chav kawm ntawv ntawm cov pov thawj yog kev cob cog rua nrog qhov yuav tsum tau tswj lub Celtic zej zog. Thaj neeb tau teem upright lub pob zeb. Nyob rau hauv lub XIX xyoo pua ntawm cov zaum daig tswv yim hais tias Stonehenge yog lawv sanctuary.

mythology

Lawv nplua nuj kev cai cuab yeej cuab tam dhau los ntawm lo lus ntawm lub qhov ncauj rau centuries, legends thiab dab neeg muaj nyob rau hauv ob peb lub versions. Zoo li feem ntau ancient haiv neeg, cov Celts twb pagans thiab ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv ib tug afterlife. Thaum lub burial ntawm tus tuag yoojyim ib tug ntau ntawm cov khoom xws li daim hlau, riam phom, cuab yeej, ornaments, twb tsis cais laub nrog nees thiab laub. Cov Celts tau convinced tias tag nrho cov uas yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, nws yog ib pab tau thiab nyob rau hauv lub neej tom ntej.

Lub ntsiab yog ib feem ntawm lub mythology raug raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub transmigration ntawm tus ntsuj plig, thaum sib ntaus sib tua no cog qoob loo pab cov tub rog yuav tsum siab tawv thiab tsis xav txog yus, txo lawv cov kev ntshai ntawm txoj kev tuag. Rau hauv loj heev vicissitudes ntawm lub neej tuaj mus rau cov kev pab ntawm tib neeg txi. Celtic Gods: Taranis, Tiaj Nyom, Ogmios, Teutat, Cernunnos, Belenus, Esus, Brigantia.

munitions

Celt - ib tug zoo tub rog uas nyob robberies thiab raids, ua yeebncuab nrog cov neeg Loos thiab cov txheeb ze. Cov Celts tsis muaj ib qho kev nom kev tswv chaw, uas yog, muaj tsis muaj huab tais nyob rau hauv txhua pab pawg neeg muaj txoj cai rau cov thawj coj ntawm tsoom. Rau cov lus qhia txog cov Celts, raws li lawv muaj tsis muaj hom lus sau rau, nws twb xub muab sau cia los ntawm cov neeg Loos ob txhiab xyoo dhau los, thaum lawv invaded teb chaws Aas Kiv. Celt rau ib tug Roman - ib tug rov qab barbarian sawv hauv qab no, lagging nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm thiab crafts, me ntsis paub txog thiab muaj peev xwm, thaum lawv lawv tus kheej piav enlightenment neeg.

Tej zaum, nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm tus Loos, lub Celts twb tsis muaj lub tswv yim ntawm cov tub rog lub tswv yim, tab sis lawv cov iav thiab riam phom nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev ua tsis tau zoo mus rau lub Roman, lawv twb zoo heev armourers.

Thaum lub sib ntaus sib tua nrog Roman Gaul sab nraum saib nws yuav tsis yooj yim los qhia tias leej twg yog leej twg nyob rau hauv lub battlefield. Cov tub hluas nyob rau hauv nyiam Loos twb tsis Loos - lawv yog cov Gauls. Roman bronze hau twb dai kom zoo nkauj kaus mom nrog ponytails. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau theej lub Gauls ntau cov tswv yim tsim ntawm nyiam nrog visors rau lub puab tsaig.

Shields los ntawm cov Celts twb lub neej-loj, me, thiab kho kom zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug convex daim duab nyob rau hauv bronze tsis yog tsuas yog rau kev zoo nkauj tab sis kuj rau kev tiv thaiv. Cov Loos theej thiab no nrhiav, raws li zoo li lwm hom riam phom, muab lawv Celtic npe.

Celt rau Roman yog tus creator ntawm ib tug tshiab kev siv technology tshiab tau - tsov rog tsheb. Tej zaum nws yog coj txawv txawv, tab sis nws tshwm sim los surprise ntawm cov Loos. Ib txhia lus borrowed los ntawm cov Celts, piv txwv li, "League" (lo lus "nees"), tau ua ib tug "cavalry" thiab "cavalier".

Cov ancient Celts rau peb txhiab xyoo ua ntej lub advent ntawm Rome tsim ib co neeg pej xeem nrog monuments: pob zeb tiv thaiv, loj heev qhov ntxa ntawm tus naas ej Stonehenge monument ntawm lub Ancient ntiaj teb no. Peb tsis paub yuav ua li cas lawv ua tag nrho cov vaj tse, tab sis tom qab tsib txhiab xyoo, lawv tseem sawv nyob rau hauv cov av, rau lub xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm lub hwj chim, thiab yog pov thawj ntawm cov kab lis kev cai ntawm ancient cov neeg.