Calceolaria - "paj ntoo-khau". Cov lus qhia txog kev tu thiab kev cog qoob

Los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav hnub caiv nyob rau hauv lub paj ua lag luam feem ntau tshwm nrog zoo nkauj nroj tsuag thiab txawv txawv paj hu ua calceolaria, los yog colloquially "txhais khau khiab". Thaum yuav zoo li ib tsob nroj, tom qab xaus ntawm paj, cov neeg feem ntau muab pov tseg, ntseeg tias nws yog ib xyoo, thiab tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv los ntawm nws. Txawm li cas los, tom qab txuas ntxiv mus rau tu nws, koj muaj peev xwm thiab rau xyoo tom ntej kom txaus siab rau nws flowering. Lub paj ntawm lub calceolaria yog ib qho yooj yim los ntxuav thiab yuav nplua txawm lub beginner-floriculturist. Nws yog txaus ua raws li cov cai yooj yim - thiab cov nroj tsuag yuav ua tsaug rau lub dag thiab ntev flowering.

Peb tau txais kev paub: calceolaria

Calceolaria - cov paj tau cog raws li ib xyoos, biennial lossis perennial nroj. Nws yuav ua tau kuaj raws li chav tsev los yog kab lis kev cai txaj siv rau dai thiab alpine. Ntau unpretentious nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas thiab heev zoo. Nws yog ib tug flowering nroj tsuag, uas yog muaj nuj nqis precisely rau cov duab ntawm nws inflorescences. Lub paj ntawm lub calceolaria yog txawv nyob hauv nws cov duab thiab xim. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg nws yog hu ua "khau" rau qhov tseeb tias nws tus nplaig zoo li tus poj niam khau raj zoo lawm. Paj yog monochrome, tab sis lawv muaj peev xwm sib txawv me ntsis, kab txaij uas muab ntau xim zoo nkauj thiab nthuav. Qhov no nroj tsuag yuav ua tau ib tug me me tsob nroj los yog tsawg herbaceous nroj tsuag. Yoojyim pubescent pub dawb, muaj peev xwm muaj ob leeg sib npaug, thiab yuav tsum tau txiav kev txhawj xeeb.

Ntau yam

Ntawm cov calceolarians muaj txog 300 ntau yam, tab sis qhov ntau tshaj plaws yog:

• Calceolorium yog kev sib tw. Ua tsaug rau nws cov hniav pom, txij li nws muaj daj inflorescences, densely decorated nrog liab specks. Qhov no me me nroj tsuag, tsis pub dhau 15 centimeters nyob rau hauv qhov siab, yog zus raws li chav culture, tab sis nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus zam txoj kev mob. Nyob rau ntawm qhov raisills yog zus raws li perennial.
• Calceolorium wrinkled - qhov no yog lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm txhua xyoo. Nws hlob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug Bush, txog 1 meter siab. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas winters tsis dhau hnyav, nws yog zus raws li perennial on flowerbed.
• Calceolaria nyias - ib hom kev loj me, nce txog 40 centimeters thiab yog npaj rau kev loj hlob ntawm paj txaj hauv av qhib. Muaj lub zog maj mam txiv qaub paj.
• Calceolaria mnogokoreshkovaya - ib hom ntawm creeping perennials. Xws li lub subspecies yog loj hlob raws li ib chav tsev kab lis kev cai thiab raws li ib qho kev ornament rau ib lub paj pw hauv qhib hauv av.
• Calceolaria hybrid - qhov no yog qhov widest ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsiaj. Txij li thaum nyob rau hauv lub npe no muaj ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov xim sib txawv nrog ib qho khoom vaj khoom tsev - nws yog ib chav kab lis kev cai, tsawg, muaj dav, puag ncig, ntseeg tau yoojyim nplooj, muaj loj thiab thawj hauv daim ntawv paj. Nws muaj ib lub sij hawm ntev flowering, uas yog li 6-8 lub lim piam. Qhov siab tsis pub tshaj 15 centimeters, thaum lub paj yuav ncav cuag ib lub cheeb ntawm 5 centimeters.

Kub tej yam kev mob

Calceolaria - paj yog thermophilic. Lawv tsis zam cov frosty winters, uas yog vim li cas lawv feem ntau loj hlob raws li chav culture, los yog thaum lub caij wintering lawv transplanted rau hauv lub pots thiab muab tso rau hauv lub tsev. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim tso siab kub, tab sis tuag ntawm 10 degrees ntawm tshav kub thiab hauv qab.

Teeb pom kev zoo

Calceolaria - paj yog yav qab teb, yog li lawv yog photophilous heev. Txawm li ntawd los, lawv yog cov me ntsis pritenyat los ntawm lub caij ntuj sov scorching hnub. Nyob rau hauv kev ncaj qha rays, nplooj tau txais Burns, tab sis nrog ib tug muaj zog dimming, lub nroj tsuag poob nws ornamentality thiab ceases rau Bloom.

Tshuaj ntxuav thiab to top hnav khaub ncaws

Nyob sab hauv paj ntawm calceolaria tsis zam lub ziab tawm ntawm cov av, yog li ntawd nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas tias lawv yog txhua lub sijhawm moistened. Qhov siab dua huab cua kub, qhov ntau tshaj thiab nquag lub watering yuav tsum ua. Sprinkle calceolaria raws li zoo li violets thiab senpolia, - maj mam raws ntug ntawm lub lauj kaub, tsis kov lub nplooj thiab paus tua. Tab sis feem ntau kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau yog los ntawm ib lub pallet. Calceolaria heev npaum li cas hlub moistened av thiab tsis zam qhuav, tab sis nrog puv los yog stagnant dej, cov nroj tsuag instantly tuag. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntawm ib tug me me, tab sis feem ntau watering thiab muaj qhov zoo kua hauv lub lauj kaub.

Cov nroj tsuag yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov dej ntawm nplooj. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv lawv siv txau. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj hniav lwj ntawm nplooj thiab tuag ntawm lub paj.

Yuav kom fertilize ib tug universal fertilizer haum rau flowering nroj tsuag, uas yog bred nyob rau hauv raws li cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv pob.

Paj ntawm calceolaria: yuav tu li cas

Nws yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov faded thiab faded inflorescences thiab yellowed nplooj. Yog hais tias koj tsis tshem tawm cov qub peduncles, ces tshiab yuav tu ncua rau daim ntawv, yog li ntawd, rau li niaj zaus flowering, li niaj zaus pruning yog yuav tsum tau. Ntau yam xws li calceolaria yog wrinkled, nyuam mus rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsim ntawm Bush, uas pab nyob rau hauv tsim ntawm ib tug ntau compact nroj tsuag nrog ib tug loj pes tsawg tus peduncles. Potted ntau yam "khau" pleases nrog nws flowering los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav mus txog rau thaum Autumn.

Heev unpretentious nyob rau hauv loj hlob paj yog calceolaria. Kev kho mob yog lub sij hawm hloov ntawm perennial ntau yam, uas yog tsim txhua txhua ob lub xyoos, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Thaum lub lauj kaub ntawm lub lauj kaub rau kev sib hloov mus txog rau hauv lub cheeb ntawm 20 centimeters, yav tom ntej cov nroj tsuag yog tsis transplanted mus rau hauv ib lub thawv loj, tab sis tsuas yog cov av hloov. Nrog rau kev siv ntawm cov huam sib luag, rotting ntawm keeb kwm thiab kev tuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog heev tej zaum.

Thaum cog sab hauv nroj tsuag thiab qhov yuav tsum tau tsim compact nroj tsuag txawm nyob rau theem ntawm cov tsos ntawm 6 nplooj, lub paj yog plucked, li ua ib tug me me Bush nrog ib tug ntau ntawm peduncles. Tom qab kawg ntawm flowering, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau txiav tawm, wilted paj stalks raug muab tshem tawm.

Luam

Calceolaria - paj uas muab tsim nrog cov noob uas muaj cov kab mob zoo heev. Thaum tsob nroj hauv cov av, cov noob qoob tshaj ntawm cov av thiab tsis ncuav los ntawm saum toj no, tom qab uas lawv muaj dej ntau thiab them nrog polyethylene los yog iav los tsim cov nyhuv ntawm lub tsev cog khoom. Periodically iav rises thiab cov condensate yog muab tshem tawm, thiab tom qab tsim ntawm 6 nplooj, lub calceolaria yog transplanted mus cais pots rau ntxiv txoj kev loj hlob. Noob zoo tshaj plaws germinate nyob rau ntawm ib tug kub ntawm txog 20 degrees. Lawv sown nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm los ntawm Tej zaum May mus rau Lub Xya hli ntuj, thawj tua tshwm nyob rau hauv ob lub lis piam tom qab. Thiab nyob rau hauv ib lub hlis lawv muaj peev xwm yuav dived mus cais pots. Blooms calceolaria tom qab 8-10 lub hlis tom qab qhov zoo li ntawm thawj zaug tua.

Ib tug txawv ntawm propagation by cuttings yog tseem tau. Qhov no yog tsim rau medium thiab siab ntau yam, uas yog periodically cropped, ua ntau lush bushes nrog ib tug loj pes tsawg tus tshiab peduncles. Qoob loo yub noj qoob loo nyob rau hauv cov av.

Thaum cog, ib qho primer universal rau sab hauv nroj tsuag los yog xau tsim kom loj hlob violets thiab senpolia. Thaum twg tus kheej ua cov av sib tov yuav tsum ua kom muaj pes tsawg leeg:

• Sod - 2 qhov chaw.
• Leafy hauv av - 2 seem.
• Peat - 1 feem.
• Cov xuab zeb yog ½.

Lub paj khw muag paj calceolaria, tus nqi ntawm ib tug nruab nrab ntawm 500 rubles ib ib tug nroj tsuag.

Kab mob thiab kab tsuag

Lub ntsiab kev txhawj xeeb ntawm kev loj hlob calceolaria yog cov kab mob xws li phytophthora thiab pithium. Qhov no hom ntawm fungi yuav ua rau rot thiab kev tuag ntawm cov tub ntxhais tua. Yuav kom tshem tawm qhov teeb meem no ua ntej yuav tsaws hauv av, nws yog calcined los yog kho nrog tshuaj lom fungicides. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim yog xav tau kev ruaj khov moistening ntawm cov av, grey rot tej zaum yuav tshwm. Nws yog tsim thaum dej ntog rau ntawm muag heev nplooj ntawm nroj tsuag. Calceolaria - ib chav paj, feem ntau tawm tsam pests xws li aphids, whitefly thiab nematodes. Thaum thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tshwm sim, kev npaj tshwj xeeb yuav tsum raug siv los rhuav tshem lawv.

Ib tug ncaj unpretentious nroj tsuag, uas yuav yeej ib txwm thov nrog nws zoo kawg nkaus flowering thiab unusualness, yog ib tug paj ntawm calceolaria. Yuav ua li cas tu thiab loj hlob, txawm tshaj plaws inexperienced florist tau master. Tab sis calcaceolaria yog ib qho ntawm thawj heev blooms nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau windowsill.