Authentication - yog rau cov kabke uas qhia tias yog leejtwg nyob rau hauv Internet

Tag nrho cov ntawm peb tsis muaj teeb meem los sib paub nyob rau hauv lub neej tiag tiag. Paub lub ntsej muag coj los thiab txawv txawv - passport los yog lwm yam ntaub ntawv, qhov muaj yog ib tug yees duab, lees tias tus neeg. Tab sis yuav ua li cas kom paub tias cov neeg uas yog tom qab lub computer nyob rau lwm yam sab ntawm lub net? Qhov teeb meem no yog ntau npaum li cas tham, thiab muaj yog siv ib txog kev txoj kev - authentication. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev kom paub tseeb koj tus kheej nyob rau hauv Internet.

Yuav kom kuaj xyuas cov neeg siv cov feem ntau siv ib tug software module, uas yog nyob ncaj qha rau hauv lub computer, uas ib tug neeg xav kom tau ib tug tej thaj chaw deb los yog mus saib. Conventionally, lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm xws li ib tug module yog muab faib mus rau hauv ob ua sawv:

- yam ua ntej. "Reference qauv" yog tsim no. Piv txwv li, tus password yuav tau thov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pov thawj code yuav raug muab tso rau lub system;

- lub theem kawg. Qhov no tso cai ntawm lub authentication. Ntawm no, cov thov qhia kom paub ntaub ntawv yog muab piv nrog rau tus txheej txheem. Raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm xws li ib tug xeem tus neeg siv yog pom tias yuav tsum tau qhia los yog lam.

Authentication - ib txoj kev uas yog tau siv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov peb lub ntsiab hom:

- qhia tau hais tias tus neeg siv ib yam dab tsi tshwj xeeb mus rau lub computer hais tias nws paub nyob rau hauv ua ntej. Feem ntau hom - lo lus zais authentication. Nws yog yooj yim, tab sis tsis yog lub feem ntau txhim khu kev qha txoj kev;

- tus neeg siv muaj qhov kev kawm nrog nws nta los yog cov ntsiab lus. Raws li xws li ib yam twj paj nruas yuav ua tau ib tug SIM card, magnetic stripe phaib, tus USB-token iButton hluav taws xob ntsiav tshuaj. Txhua yam muaj ntaub ntawv uas yuav txiav txim nws uniqueness. Qhov yooj yim cov ntaub ntawv - cov neeg siv ID thiab lo lus zais nyeem los ntawm cov xov xwm thiab noj rau lub authentication module. Nyob rau hauv lub complex cov ntaub ntawv, cov cab kuj yog ib tug cryptographic tseem ceeb;

- nyob rau hauv lwm cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kom paub tseeb tus neeg siv - ib tug tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm nws. Raws li txoj ntsiab cai no raws li biometric authentication. Ntawm no, raws li cov lus qhia tej zaum yuav siv tau, piv txwv li, ib tug tuabneeg.

Nyob rau hauv lub xeem - biometrics - authentication yog tham nyias. Raws li ib zaug xwb nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm cov ntawv tseeb, cov technologies yog presently nyob rau theem ceev txoj kev loj hlob. Ntawm no yog yuav ua li cas siv authenticators thawj tib neeg yam ntxwv uas yog tshwj xeeb rau nws. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog feem ntau siv cov yiv tes, iris daim ntawv qhia nta.

Raws li nws tus yam ntxwv yog siv raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus tib neeg lub suab kuaj ntawm ib tug handwritten kos npe, tes geometry, "keyboard thiab nyeem tau" (lub sij hawm Team sib ntawm keystrokes hais tias ua li lo lus code, thiab cov kev siv ntawm cov ub). Tab sis xws li technologies yog tsis tshua muaj heev. Tsis tas li ntawd feem ntau tsim authentication system rau operating systems, piv txwv li, NTLM-authentication, tsim los ntawm Microsoft rau lub qhov rais NT.

authentication shortcomings

Qhov loj tshaj plaws pes tsawg tus ntawm shortcomings nyob rau hauv lub password authentication. Secret lo lus nyiag los ntawm tus tswv los yog keej nws. Feem ntau cov neeg siv xaiv yooj yim passwords legkougadyvaemye: derived ntawm ID (feem ntau nws yog los ntawm cov cim), ib lo lus ntawm tej lus thiab thiaj li tawm ..

Nws tsis yog tsis muaj drawbacks, thiab lub hom phiaj pov thawj. Lub abduction ntawm cov kev kawm los yog cov qaug dab peg ntawm tus tswv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tshwj xeeb cov khoom yuav tsum tau mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov khoom. Nws tseem yog ib qho kev txwv tsis pub siv los mus ua kom cov ntawv luam los yog emulators ntawm cov kev kawm.