Architecture ntawm Kievan Rus

Nyob rau hauv lub IX xyoo pua lub Slavic neeg sau nyob rau hauv ib tug nkaus xwb princely lub hwj chim, uas coj mus rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov tub ntxhais thiab haib tshaj lub xeev - Kievan Rus. lub sij hawm historians hnub no tshwm sim rau lub xyoo 862. Lub heyday ntawm Kievan Rus kuj hu ua nyob rau lwm yam "lub zos lub teb chaws," nws pib nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub IX thiab lasted kom txog thaum pib ntawm lub XII caug xyoo.

Architecture ntawm Kievan Rus, raws li zoo raws li cov ntaub ntawv, tsim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lub tshiab Christian txoj kev ntseeg, tab sis ib tug kaj xov los ntawm cov keeb kwm tag nrho ntawm ancient pagan cuab yeej cuab tam stretches thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no. Ntawv pov thawj ntawm uas yog cov heev heev architectural masterpieces. Nco ancient architecture, muaj xws li vintage, thawj frescoes, sculpted facades thiab amazing ornaments golden-lub koom txoos thiab cathedrals. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv dim rau hnub no.

Lub cim architecture ntawm Kievan Rus - ib tug symbiosis ntawm tag nrho cov qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub kab lis kev cai ntawm lub Eastern Slavic pab pawg neeg, tus poj Byzantine Empire, nomadic pab pawg neeg, raws li tau zoo raws li lawv tus kheej. Lub architects ntawm ancient Russia tau tsim ib tug style uas tseem fascinates lub tswv yim ntawm cov me nyuam. Cov feem ntau tag architecture ntawm Kievan Rus fwm nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Kiev. Nws nkawd hais tias nyob rau hauv no qhov chaw muaj tag nrho ib qho tseem ceeb masterpieces ntawm lub sij hawm, xws li lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Siv Ib Feem Kaum, St. Sophia Cathedral, Golden Gate mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov Annunciation, thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Great Baptist Kievan Rus tub huabtais Vladimir nyob rau hauv 996, nrog nws tus kheej nyiaj los tsim kom tau ib tug zoo kawg hauv lub Koom Txoos ntawm Siv Ib Feem Kaum. Rau tus txij nkawm ntawm nws, nws tib leeg xwb ib feem kaum ntawm cov nyiaj khwv, siv yuav tsum tau hu ua - ib feem kaum, lub tsev teev ntuj no yog los ntawm lo lus no tau txais nws lub npe. Nws tau muab nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub ntsiab. Laus Lavxias teb sab architecture ntawm cov qauv qhia nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov splendor.

Nws yog loj heev, tus ntoo khaub lig-domed, shestiyarusnaya. Ua tau rau ib xyoo pua ntawm lub pob zeb, hauv nws twb dai kom zoo nkauj nrog stunning frescoes ntawm kev zoo nkauj, mosaics thiab marble. Chiv, them ib feem kaum Koom Txoos txhim tsa princely lub qhov ntxa. Ntawm no, tus poj niam ntawm Vladimir raug faus, ib tug Byzantine ntxhais fuabtais, Anna, thiab nws tuag nyob rau hauv 1015 Pes tsawg feem. Tom qab ntawd no tau kis qhov seem ntawm tus legendary Princess Olga. Lub sab hauv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj muaj xws li cov iconostasis, crosses thiab lwm yam tsev teev ntuj phau, uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm.

Art ntawm Kievan Rus ntaus cov zoo thiab craftsmanship ntawm ancient lub zos craftsmen. Lub tsev teev ntuj txoj hmoo yog tragic thiab nyob rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua XI nws twb puas los ntawm hluav taws thiab ces raug neeg pheej rov qab devastation. Nyob rau hauv 1240 Batu Khan coj Kiev, tsis spare lub thaj neeb thiab tag pov tseg rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Siv Ib Feem Kaum.

Nyob rau hauv lub center ntawm Ancient Kiev tseem adorned St. Sophia Cathedral. Nws yog pom los ntawm afar, thiab nws cov dome them nrog kub, admired thiab zoo siab rau qhov tseeb hais tias xws li ib tug zoo kawg nkaus zoo nkauj monument fwm rau hnub no. Nws - ib tug qhov chaw ntawm pilgrimage rau cov ntseeg, thiab ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab keeb kwm attractions ntawm lub capital. Nws zaj dab neeg yog tsis yooj yim, nws tau kuj tau hais ntau ntau zaus plundered thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog, xws li nyob rau hauv 1240 cov tub rog Batu, tab sis txhua lub sij hawm nws tau sawv hauv qhov ruins. Nyob rau hauv 1740 nws tau kiag li rebuilt, thiab tam sim no lub tsos yog tseem txaus siab nrog nws cov stunning views ntawm cov laus. Nyob ze ze ntawm St. Sophia Cathedral yog Golden Gate. Qhov no yog ib tug piv ancient monument, uas qhia cov architecture ntawm Kievan Rus.

Lub rooj vag yog lub ntsej muag ntawm lub nroog thiab tau siv rau ceremonial, ceremonial nkag mus rau lub ancient Kiev. Lawv yog ua nyob rau hauv lub yav qab teb ib feem ntawm lub nroog ntawm Kiev tub huabtais Yaroslav cov Wise nyob rau hauv 1037. Raws li ntxiv tiv thaiv, ua ntej lub rooj vag yog khawb trench 15 meters dav thiab ib tug tob ntawm 8 meters. Golden rooj vag - nws yog ib tug tiag tiag fortress ntauwd nrog cov mus txawv tebchaws mus txog 7.5 meters. Peb dim cov haib Pilasters, ancient phab ntsa 9.5 meters siab. Noteworthy rooj vag tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov Annunciation ntawm lub rooj vag. Nws yog ib lub cim ntawm lub Christian tsev fuabtais. Archaeological tshawb fawb ntawm cov Golden Gate ras zaum pom qhov seem ntawm nws cov kho kom zoo nkauj: xeeb tub paintings, kaj ntsuas ntawm pob tshab glazes, tawg tsam ntawm mosaic. Smalt yog heev feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv dai kom zoo ntawm lub Ancient Temples. Ancient architects nyiam rau nws extraordinary durability thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov xim ua si uas npaj txhij tsim nyob flicker nyhuv.

Undoubtedly, nyob rau hauv no lub sij hawm ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov kos duab ntawm Kievan Rus mus txog rau nws loj tshaj txoj kev vam meej, thiab lub pov thawj yog amazing monuments uas lub sij hawm.