Aircraft tsim. tsim. Tus tsim ntawm A321 aircraft

aircraft tsim heev cuam tshuam nws tsav tsheb, kev thiab aerodynamic kev kawm. Tus invention ntawm lub aircraft tso cai los mus ua kom ib qho zoo kawg txhob nyob rau hauv ceev los mus kov yeej ib tug txiav txim deb. Xav txog lub ntsiab thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub ya tshuab.

Hais ntawm lub aircraft qauv

Hauv qab no yog cov npe ntawm cov ntsiab qhov chaw, uas ua rau feem ntau ntawm niaj hnub aircrafts:

• Lub cev lub ntsiab ntawm cov aircraft (fuselage). Nws ua hauj lwm pab rau kev twb kev txuas mus rau hauv ib ntawm cov tub ntxhais, cov tis, powertrain thiab Chassis lwm sab nraud ntsiab. Nyob rau hauv lub fuselage rau lub alarm coob, cargo thiab cov neeg nrog caij compartment.
• Reactive los yog txheej txheem haib motors, uas ua rau ib tug muaj zog dav hlau.
• Koojtis - nthuav dav uas ua hauj lwm pab tswj lub tsev thiab tsim nqa.
• Rau balancing thiab stability yog mas ntsug tus Tsov tus tw.
• Kab rov tav Tsov tus tw yog lub luag hauj lwm rau kev tswj thiab stabilization ntawm lub tshuab nyob rau hauv lub longitudinal seem.
• tswj system.
• Ntxiv cov cuab yeej.

feathering

Lub classic tsim ntawm lub aircraft nyob rau hauv tus Tsov tus tw yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov feem ntau ntawm cov kev sib ntaus los thiab pej xeem versions. Nyob rau hauv no cov tswvyim, cov kab rov tav Tsov tus tw stabilizer muaj ib tug taag thiab ib tug adjustable elevator.

Lub stabilizer rau lub stability ntawm lub aircraft txheeb ze mus rau lub transverse axis. Thaum tej lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub dav hlau tus Tsov tus tw seem ua ke nrog Plumage noj upwards. Nyob rau hauv no kev twb kev txuas, cov pa txaus siab rau hauv lub Upper compartment ntawm lub stabilizer qab. Tsim los ntawm lub load rov qab stabilizer ua ke nrog rau cov fuselage nyob rau hauv ib tug txoj hauj lwm.

Cov khoom kuj muaj xws li ib tug rear ntsug tus Tsov tus tw. Nws muaj ib tug taag caij (keel) thiab kho ko tw nyoob hoom. Lub kuj yog zoo ib yam li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kab rov tav analog xwb nyob rau hauv lub ntsug dav hlau.

Aircraft tsim muaj stability unit nyob rau hauv ob dav hlau. Lub longitudinal kev kho kom stability tis vaj huam sib luag ntawm ib tug predetermined lub nrog hwm rau txhua lwm yam, los ntawm «V» tsab ntawv hom.

ntawm lwm yam uas

Nyob rau hauv aircraft siv yog ib qho tseem ceeb tswj chaw. Lub elevator yog rooj noj rear stabilizer caij. Yog hais tias qhov no ntawm yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug khub ntawm consoles, thiab cov rudders yuav tsum muaj ob tug. Lawv synchronously deflected downward los yog upward, pab hloov lub qhov siab ntawm ib tug glider davhlau.

Aileron - ib tug movable ib feem ntawm lub tis vaj huam sib luag. Lawv cia koj mus rau stabilize qhov aircraft txheeb ze mus rau lub longitudinal axis. Cov ua hauj lwm cov ntsiab yog nqa tawm synchronously, lub deflection ntawm txhua feem yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv txawv kev qhia.

Cov ko tw nyoob hoom yog ib tug active ib feem ntawm keel ua hauj lwm pab tswj cov ntsug unit. Kev sib hloov nyob rau hauv kev coj rov qab los ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm kauj tshwm sim kom txog rau thaum tej lub sij hawm raws li tus tsav tsis rov qab lub kauj log rau hauv nruab nrab txoj hauj lwm.

Tsav thiab lwm yam tshuab

Xav aircraft nruab nrog ntau hom xyaw. Lawv yog cov luag hauj lwm rau lub teeb ceev thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov nqa. Lub motors yuav mounted nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub dav hlau, cov rov qab thiab nyob rau hauv tis.

Faib fais fab nroj tsuag raws li nram no:

• Dav hlau xyaw - muaj xws li ob-pulsing unit nrog dav hlau turbine.
• Ntsia Hlau - hais piston qauv thiab txoj variations ntawm cov turbine.
• Foob pob ua ntxaij xyaw - ib tug ua kua los yog khoom high-ceev cov kev hloov kho.

By nqa aircraft lug muaj xws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm Cheebtsam. Lub chassis yog lub luag hauj lwm rau lub takeoff thiab tsaws tsheb nyob rau hauv tso mam li pawv airfields. Amphibians siv cim caij duav saum npu-floats, uas lub tshuab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv dej los yog daus.

Tus tsim ntawm lub aircraft A-321

Qhov no tshem me me yog cov coob sawv cev ntawm Airbus airliners hom. Lub aircraft yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug lengthened fuselage, ib tug ntau dua daim duab rau cov neeg nrog caij lub peev xwm. Tej yam kev hloov kho ntawm no series yog ob kuaj: A231-100 nrog tsawg davhlau ntau piv rau cov phooj ywg, thiab A321-200 nrog ib tug ntxiv roj tank thiab haib motors.

Tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm cov muab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm txhiab ntawm aircraft ntawm no hom. Serial zus tau tej cov tsheb tseem nyob rau tam sim no lub sij hawm. Model raws li tag nrho yuav tsum tau cov qauv thiab muaj zoo zeem muag rau lub ntiaj teb no kev ua lag luam nrog Airbus.

A321 aircraft tsim yog yooj yim thiab meej. sab hauv muaj peev xwm ntawm 200 txog coob uas xam nrog. Lub Cruising ceev ntawm lub aircraft - 900 km / h, thiab lub siab tshaj plaws nqa mus-off qhov siab - 10.5 km. Nyob rau hauv no ntau yam txawv txog 4.3 txhiab kilometers.

Pros thiab cons

Cov A321 dav hlau tsim zoo tej zaum yuav tau hais li nram qab no:

• Lub tshuab muaj ib theem siab ntawm lub suab rwb thaiv tsev.
• Tus ntaus ntawv muaj ib tug zoo kev nplij siab rau cov neeg coob coob uas xam nrog thiab.
• Khab seeb thiab nyiam lounge.
• Koj kev tsis.

Ntawm cov shortcomings sau tseg yam:

• Ib me ntsis outdated kev ua ke, muab piv nrog rau qhov tseeb txawv teb chaws qauv.
• Limited kev khiav hauj lwm muaj peev xwm.

Aircraft tsim A-321 muab zaum chaw, uas muaj nyob rau ntawm plaub daim nyob rau hauv ib tug uake. Lawv muaj ib tug nyiam dav, tawv trim, ua-nyob rau hauv airbags. Lub lounge muab qhov hluav taws xob rau computers, raws li zoo li lwm yam amenities nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov neeg nrog caij kev nplij siab.

kev faib

By lub sij hawm dav hlau raug muab faib ua pej xeem thiab cov tub rog designs. Tus thawj xib fwb qhov chaw ntawm cov thawj embodiment nruab nrog ib tug neeg nrog caij los yog cargo compartment. Lawv nyob ib tug loj feem ntawm lub sab hauv ntawm lub fuselage cheeb tsam.

Hom uas tsis yog-kev sib ntaus los aircraft:

1. Local neeg nrog caij muaj. Cov kab kev los ntawm lawv lub davhlau yog nruab nrab ntawm ob lub thiab kaum txhiab kilometers, thiab cov intercontinental qeb overcomes ntau tshaj 11 txhiab km.
2. Cargo qauv raug muab faib ua me ntsis, hauj sim thiab mob pab pawg neeg. Nyob ntawm seb cov kev tsim nyog, lawv muaj peev xwm mus nqa li 10 mus rau 40 tons ntawm cov khoom.
3. Tshwj xeeb aircrafts. Siv rau kev muaj kab mob, ua liaj ua teb, kev tshawb kawm, hluav taws kub-sib ntaus sib tua, raws li zoo raws li aerial units.
4. Kev kawm cov kev hloov kho.

Tub rog variations tsis muaj xws li ib tug xis sab hauv cov cuab yeej siv. Lub ntsiab yog ib feem ntawm lub fuselage tuav riam phom systems, txawj ntse khoom, mos txwv thiab tshwj xeeb pab. Ib tug division ntawm cov tub rog ntawm gliders los ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv: cov tub rog-thauj cov qauv, tua hluav taws, nres dav hlau, bombers, reconnaissance.

Lub apparatus ntawm aircraft nyob rau hauv lub aerodynamic Circuit Court, los ntawm uas lawv tsim. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm yooj yim hais thiab kev kho txhawb chaw. Yog hais tias lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub aircraft nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm cov uas zoo sib xws qauv, qhov chaw nyob thiab geometry ntawm lub tis, tus Tsov tus tw tshooj no ua tau nyias txawv nyias li.

Qhov kawg ntawm

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lub aircraft IB, uas nws tsim yog ib yam ntawm classical tsim, dav siv nyob rau hauv cov neeg nrog caij thiab cargo cua tsheb thauj mus los. Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, muaj ntau ntau schemes aircrafts pab kiag li lawm. Cov lawv:

1. Classical tsim.
2. Ntaus "ya tis".
3. Tandem tsim.
4. Kev hloov kho ntawm lub "os".
5. Convertible thiab ua ke tswvyim.
6. "Tailless".

Ntawm ib txawv kev hloov kho layout ntshav nyob motors, sab nrauv, takeoff / tsaws hauv paus ntsiab lus, raws li tau zoo raws li ceev thiab muaj peev xwm tsis.