Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Moscow State University. Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Moscow State University rau Nikitskaya: excursions, nqi, xyuas

Thaum lub Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej muaj, uas yog qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws thiab lub nyob ib cheeb tsam, thiab qhov ntim ntawm cov nyiaj. Ob txhais qhov chaw nrees tuav xws li ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm MSU. Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv Nikitskaya yog cov kaum loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tsev ntawm zoo xws li cov profile.

Nto moo neeg Russia

Lub keeb kwm ntawm nws cov creation yog. Nyob rau hauv 1802, tsoom fwv launched ib tug tsis txaus siab rau cov nyiaj pub dawb rau kev kawm ntawv. Ntawm cov thawj tuaj rau pem hauv ntej yog ib tug naturalist, tus paub txog thiab philanthropist Pavel Grigorevich Demidov (1739-1821), ib tug xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm tus naas ej dynasty. nws tsis qia dub los ua ub ua no heev uas nws kim heev - nyob rau ntawm nws tus kheej nyiaj them nyob rau hauv 1803, nws qhib lub tsev kawm ntawv Qib Siab Sciences, uas ris nws lub npe kom txog rau thaum 1919. Tom qab ntawd nws muab cov nyiaj nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 100 000 rubles, ib tug uas nws kim heev tsev qiv ntawv thiab sau thaum lub sij hawm nws mus nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ntawm tej yam ntuj tso kev kawm sau los ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm lub Moscow State University. Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej tshwm sim vim cov nyiaj pub dawb. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1805, PG Demidov xa Moscow University Mintz txee, uas tsev ib tug nplua nuj sau (ob peb txhiab), npib thiab medals. Cov treasures thiab tom qab ua yooj yim nyiaj tsim ua ntej lawm nyob rau hauv 1791, "lub txee ntawm tej yam ntuj tso keeb kwm."

kev mus kom ze

Nyob rau hauv 1755, txoj cai ntawm Empress Elizabeth nrhiav tau lub Imperial University of Moscow - Moscow State University. Lub Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej yog 36 xyoo yau, uas tsis tiv thaiv nws yuav pom tau tias ib tug ntawm cov hiob ntuj science cov koom haum. Nws yog 215 xyoo. Tom qab lub "txee ntawm tej yam ntuj tso keeb kwm" enriched muaj nuj nqis zog patron P. G. Demidova, nws tau los ua tsim nyog los systematize lawv. Qhov no lub luag hauj lwm ua hauj lwm twb entrusted yog zoo tsim (constituted ib cov lus nug zoo sib xws chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Paris) Lavxias teb sab naturalist GI Fischer (lub npe tag nrho - Grigory Ivanovich (Johann Gottgelf, Gotthelf) Fischer von Waldheim, xyoo ntawm lub neej - 1771-1853). Tus Ntseeg thiab follower ntawm G. Cuvier, sau ntawm cov tswv yim sib cav "Nyob rau ua tsis taus pa tsiaj txhu," G. I. Fisher tsis lees txais cov kev ntawm University of jenÅ, caw nws mus npaj nws "Txee of Natural History," thiab tseem nyob rau hauv Moscow, MSU neej yav tom ntej. Lub Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej yog founded los ntawm nws kev.

selfless ua hauj lwm

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1806-1807 nws ua ntej cov lus nug ntawm tag nrho cov collections twb nqa tawm, xws li cov nyiaj npib thiab medals. Raws li yog lub npe hu, nyob rau hauv 1812, Moscow twb hlawv. Qhov no hluav taws tua ib tug ntau ntawm cov vaj tse, priceless sau los ntawm lub Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej twb yuav luag tag pov tseg. Thiab ib tug patriot ntawm Russia Grigory Ivanovich Fisher, uas thaum lub sij hawm ntawm qhov hluav taws kub yuav tseem tseg ib txhia conchological (zoo li thiab shellfish) sau, pib los "txee", dua nws tus kheej collections, collections thiab tsev qiv ntawv. Tom qab ntawd, tus kheej txoj cai thiab tej chaw nyob rau hauv lub scientific lub zej lub zos, thov mus naturalists thiab custodians ntawm private rooj sib tham los pab nyob rau hauv lub reconstruction ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm tus tuag lawm, lub rooj txhawb siab uas nws twb tau hais twb nyob rau hauv 1814. Qhov thib ob cov lus nug ua G. I. Fisherom, tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv 1822, thiab nws tshawb pom tau luam tawm. Ib txhij nrog Zoological sau twb faib systematization ntawm cov nyiaj, thiab cov tshiab tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau lub tsev kawm ntawv twb nrhiav tau tsuas yog nyob rau nws cov hauv paus. Los ntawm xyoo 1830, ua tsaug rau cov selfless kev ua ntawm G. I. Fishera, tus xov tooj ntawm teev mus txog 25 lab units.

qhov tsim nyog reorganization

Cov nram qab no txhim kho tau nqa tawm twb nyob rau hauv 1860. Ces tag nrho cov tsev khaws puav pheej tau muab faib mus rau hauv kev cob qhia, kev tshawb fawb thiab exposition. Rau cov qhua los Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Moscow State University. University qhib nyob rau hauv 1866. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov xyoo ntawm nws lub neej nws tau tsim sai heev thiab los ntawm tus kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua rau hauv lub chav teev tseg rau nws, los ua heev me me. Thiab yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1989-1902 rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej ua tau ib tug tshiab peb-storey tsev ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb kev kawm project, ib tug hereditary kes duab vajtse K. M. Bykovskogo, nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm - lub chief kes duab vajtse ntawm Moscow University. Lawv tau ua los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv cov vaj tse rau tus ntxhais nkauj xwb lub teb. Nikitskaya tab sis lub tsev zoo nkauj ntawm cov Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej, K. M. Bykovskim ua tau ib tug tsev qiv ntawv thiab ob peb faculties ntawm lub cev.

Zoo nkauj lub tsev, ua nyob rau hauv classic style, nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub capital. Cov nyob ze metro chaw nres tsheb - "Library lawv. Lenin "thiab" Okhotny Ryad ". Nws tsiv thiab cov tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub qub tsev nyob rau Moss. Tom qab tsiv mus rau ib tug pej xeem tsev cia puav pheej nws yuav tsuas nyob rau hauv 1911.

Soviet reformation

Nyob rau hauv 1930, lub Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Moscow State University nyob rau hauv Moscow tau muab cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm Biology. Ib tug loj reorganization coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub 90s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Tom qab tag nrho cov ordeals lub tsev khaws puav pheej acquires ib tug neeg sab nraud raws li txoj cai. Rau hnub tim, nws kev tshawb fawb cov nyiaj mus txog ob peb lab units. Nws yog xyuas los ntawm 150,000 tus neeg ib xyoos, tus xov tooj ntawm mus ua si nqa tawm nyob rau hauv tib lub sij hawm 1700. Tus naj npawb nce mus txog muaj dav muaj ntau refined thiab nws kim heev txog txhua yam ntawm scientific collections. Peb zoo-txawm peem rau saib chav tsev muab rau cov neeg tuaj xyuas - ob nyob rau hauv pem teb ua ntej, ib tug (Pob Txha Hall) - rau lub thib ob. Tag nrho cov collections yog ua nyob rau hauv kev sib ze, los ntawm qhov nyuaj rau lub vertebrates.

Loj kev tshawb fawb

Kev tshawb fawb Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej MSU ua loj ua hauj lwm - tshuaj xyuas thiab npaaj kev paub txog cov tsiaj nyob rau hauv kev, hais txog tam sim no nyob rau hauv particular. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm cov uas twb muaj 10 lab teev tsuas yog 8, uas muaj xws li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub cim fauna ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, piv txwv li, qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab heaviest kab Kaulia thiab pua pua ntawm lwm yam uas txawv daim. Tsis ceeb, lub Muscovites pib mus xyuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm ib tug heev cov tub ntxhais uas muaj hnub nyoog - no tuaj nrog ib tug ib xyoos tus me nyuam thiab txaus siab nrog ncig. Zoological Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Moscow State University, xyuas uas feem ntau ntawm cov feem ntau zoo, yeej zoo heev, ua rau PACE nrog lub sij hawm, muab tag nrho cov "chips" uas yuav nyiam thiab txhawb cov miv sab qhov loj tshaj plaws tau xov tooj ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib. Thiab coj nws ntiav neeg yog extraordinary. Tab sis yeej ib txwm thaum koj mus ntsib tej tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj cov neeg uas ntseeg tau hais tias, tus ntawm cov hais lus mos muag, thiab lub teev yog them nrog hmoov av. Lub yees duab qhia tau hais tias nws tsis yog.

Daim pib nqi, xyuas, interesting tseeb

Xyuas kom cov yeeb yuj thiab high-theem collections, mus saib lub tsev cia puav pheej. nqi pib - cia li $ 100 rau tus me nyuam raws li yog ib feem ntawm ib ncig xyuas pawg, muaj tsawg kawg yog 20 cov neeg. Rau ib tug neeg laus nrog ib ncig saib kev pab cuam - 250 rubles, tsis muaj ib tug ncig xyuas - 200. Muaj yog ib tug saj zawg zog system ntawm cov kev pab, free hnub tshwj xeeb pawg ntawm cov pej xeem thiab ib tug dawb hmo ntuj ntawm lub xyoo. Heev ntawm nthuav cov periodical miv. Ib txhia neeg tuaj saib yuav daim pib nyob rau hauv ua ntej them ua ntej. Nws tseem mus ntxiv ib ob peb nthuav tseeb - ib co sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev ntawm xibfwb A. N. Severtseva, nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej lub tsev, uas yog tus tsim ntawm evolutionary morphology ntawm cov tsiaj nyob Marina Tsvetaeva. Thiab nws tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug tsab ntawm tus hero "tuag qe" M. A. Bulgakova.