Yuav ua li cas zoo yuav tsum tau ua raws li thaum thov yog elastic?

Raws li yog lub npe hu, cov nyiaj tau los ntawm tej tuam txhab uas muag, qhauj thiab private ua lag luam nyob ntawm ntau yam, tab sis tej zaum qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no yog qhov muag volume ntawm cov khoom muag. Ntawm nws cov nuj nqis nyob lom zem ntau rau dab tsi yuav tsum yog tus theem ntawm cov nyiaj tau los thiab cov net profit. Qhov no zoo tshaj, nyob rau hauv lem, yog nyob ntawm seb xav tau yog elastic, thiab tus xaiv pricing zoo. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, lub siab yuav tus nqi ntawm cov khoom, lub tsawg nws yuav yuav. Nyob rau lwm cov tes, thaum uas tsis muaj nqi, thiab cov nyaij yuav scanty. Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm cov nqi zoo yuav muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov lag luam? Cov lus teb cov lus dag nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub zog ntawm kev thov.

Yooj Yim nrog tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm kev khwv nyiaj txiag

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm qhov teeb meem no tau mus koom ib lub ntiaj teb renowned paub txog raws li Alfred Marshall. Nws yog nws leej twg nkag tau elasticity los ntawm kev uas koj yuav yooj yim paub thaum thov yog elastic, thiab thaum tsis tau, thiab nyob rau hauv no lub hauv paus mus xaiv tus feem ntau muaj txiaj ntsim trading zoo. Yuav ua li cas puas cov tswvyim no? Nyob rau hauv elasticity nyob rau hauv kev lag luam meant lub peev xwm ntawm ib co ntau yam teb rau cov kev hloov uas muaj npaum li cas qhov chaw nrog rau lwm cov qhov tseem ceeb, nyob rau hauv uas lawv nyob ntawm seb ncaj qha. Nyob rau qhov kev thov sab, hais tias nws feem ntau raug rau cov muag nqi.

Muab xam los ntawm cov coefficient ntawm elasticity thiab plotting

ΔQ yog denoted los ntawm qhov feem pua hloov nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm kev muag khoom, thiab ib tug ΔP - cov coj kev hloov nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm ntau lawm. Nrhiav elasticity coefficient yog tsis muaj dab tsi lwm tus tshaj tus piv ntawm cov ob tsis, noj nrog lub opposite kos npe rau: ε _p ^D = - ΔQ / ΔP. Nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob nyob qhov twg no daim duab yog ntau tshaj ib tug, hais tias thov yog elastic. Thaum nws yog me dua nws, nws txhais tau tias cov lus rov. Yog hais tias lub resulting piv sib npaug zos rau 1, nws yog assumed tias qhov kev thov yog ib tug thov elasticity unit. Nyob tos rau cov muag khoom nqi rau kev feem ntau tso tawm rau lub coordinate axes. Feem ntau ntsug sau tseg ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev nqi, thiab thoob plaws - tus nqi ntawm cov nyiaj tau los. Teeb elastic thov yog ib tug ncaj kab inclined nrog nws txoj cai kawg cia. Ib qho piv txwv yog muaj nyob rau hauv rau sab laug daim duab.

Yam elastic thov

Muaj ntau yam ua uas cas feem xyuam rau txoj kev coj cwj pwm ntawm cov neeg thiab lub ntim ntawm kev yuav khoom los ntawm lawv. Nrog kev xav txog cov elasticity ntawm kev thov, yam nram qab no yuav qhia tau:

1. Tus nqi ntawm cov nyiaj khwv tau. Me nws yog, ntau dua qhov lub luag hauj lwm ua si los ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov khoom.
2. Lub sij hawm zoo tshaj. Nyob rau hauv lub ntev mus dhia feem ntau demand yog elastic, thiab yog hais tias qhov kev yog ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm, tus nqi mus los ntawm lub wayside.
3. Lub xub ntiag ntawm "hloov khoom". Qhov ntau, ntau dua qhov lub luag hauj lwm ua si los ntawm cov nqi.
4. Cov qhia tawm ntawm cov khoom no nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj txiag ntawm cov neeg. Lub siab dua nws yog, lub elasticity ntawm kev thov.
5. yam khoom zoo. Nyob rau luxuries, feem ntau, ε _p ^D> 1, thiab feem ntau necessaries ε _p ^D <1.
6. Muaj Tshuag. Qhov ntau cov khoom twb muas tau cov buyer, qhov tseem ceeb yog tus nqi, thiab, raws li, siab dua elasticity ntawm kev thov rau nws.
7. Lub dav ntawm cov khoom qeb. Peb tshwj xeeb cov khoom thov yog tsawg elastic thiab vice versa.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm trading tswv yim

Thaum thov yog elastic, qhov zoo tshaj plaws trading zoo rau lub ruaj yuav nqi txiav. Txoj cai no thaum kawg maximize nqa nyiaj. Yog hais tias kev thov yog inelastic, ces thov lub tswv yim ntawm "kua-skimming", piv txwv li nqe nce muag khoom. Thaum cov lus teb muab ib tug tshwm sim heev ze los yog sib npaug zos rau ib tug, nws txhais tau tias ib tug ua lag luam yuav tsum tau saib rau lwm txoj kev los ua rau kom cov nyiaj tau los. Manipulation nqi nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tsis muab kiag li.