Yuav ua li cas yog nyiaj solder? Zog thiab cov duab

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav cawm tau nyiaj ntau, ntau yog ua los ntawm nyiaj solder los ntawm txhais tes. Cia peb piav qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov technology, kev siv cov hauv lub tiav lawm hlau.

Yog hais tias koj tseem tsis tau ntseeg nyob rau hauv lawv lub peev xwm, nws yog zoo dua mus yuav npaj txhij-ua nplej zom thiab tsis nkim lub sij hawm rau questionable thwmsim.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug hlau

Ntshiab nyiaj - ib tug mos mos hlau, li ntawd, nws tsis yog haum rau cov hauj lwm. Yeej masters thov lub sib tov uas yog tsim los ntawm cov zinc, npib tsib xee, txhuas, tooj liab thiab cadmium. Cov nyiaj solders tshaj nyiaj muaj xws li zinc thiab tooj liab. Lub leeg tsim nrog xws li ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg, tau muaj zog thiab check.

Lub tebchaw nyiaj, tooj liab, zinc, muaj siab muaj peev xwm mus melting. Lawv yog siv rau cov nyiaj solder. Yuav kom tswj tau nws cov kev txaus siab npaum li cas cov qauv no yog tsim los GOST 19746 74. Solders, nyiaj qib yog yeej ib txwm teev nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia rau cov khoom siv. Solder leeg, uas yog tau nyob rau hauv no yav tas yog tau ib tug khoom.

Solder hom PSrMts 37

nyiaj solder hlau (37 PSrMts thiab Sep-25) yog siv los txuas chaw ua los ntawm tooj dag. Daim ntawv no rau nws cov kev siv thiab yog ib tug tas mus daim ntawv. Nws yog txiav mus rau hauv ib daim hlab ntawm thickness 1.5-2 hli. Qhov khoob ntawm cov koom chaw uas tau sau nrog cov nyiaj lo, muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm tiv txhua yam deformation thiab kev co.

tshuaj nyob tus yeees

txheej txheem technology yog raws li nyob rau kev siv ntawm cov nyiaj solder, npaj rau soldering kauj ruam. Muab hais tias solder yuav tsum mas kub txog li 600 ° C, nws Cheebtsam yog: 33% cadmium, 30% nyiaj, 16% zinc, 20% tooj liab. Cov nyob tus yeees yog es lub cev tsis kho, yuav tsis tau withstand deeg. Thaum tus nqi ntawm cov nyiaj rau 52% ntawm cov kua sib tov yog tau los mus tiv ib multistage soldering.

Main ua noj ua haus daim ntawv qhia nyiaj solder

Wb sim kom paub tseeb yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau cov nyiaj solder nyob rau hauv tsev. Muaj ob peb xaiv rau nws siv thiab ua, txhua txhia tus muaj nws tus kheej nuances. Yog xav tau ib tug hlau npib yog yuav tsum tau (tsib caug duas las) 1924 , raws li tau zoo raws li tsib xees nyob rau hauv 1962. Mus ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau: Ingus, silver, roj burner, ib diav.

Raug nyiaj solder pib rau yaj lub precious hlau. Ces ntxiv nickels npib. Rau siab stirring, lub sib tov Rocked rau ib rab diav. Lub caij no nyob rau zaum kawg tshwm sim ntawm cov mixing. Lub disadvantage ntawm no technology yog mus hlawv cov tshuaj Cheebtsam uas yuav tsum tau mus solder. Tom ntej no, lub wizard uas tsim nws tus kheej ob txhais tes hlau ywg kiag nws mus rau hauv Ingus tsis firing yob. Cov resultant solder muaj ib tug 900 qauv. Thaum soldering flux yuav tsum tau npaj kom txhij tshiab, xyuas kom meej qhov zoo tshaj ntawm kev ua hauj lwm. Master taug qab cov nplaim taws nyob rau hauv cov roj burner yuav muab tau txawm thiab check.

Kev ua hauj lwm

Rau kev cov ntaub ntawv siv nyiaj solder muaj 80 qhov chaw ntawm cov nyiaj, tooj liab 16, 4 zinc. Ntawm kev txaus siab jewellery nyiaj lo, uas nws muaj pes tsawg leeg yog: 2.8 qhov chaw dag, 7 - silver, 0.2 - zinc. Ua ntej ua hauj lwm yog nqa tawm los ntawm stripping dag oxide zaj duab xis. Yog xav tau kev 10 grams ntawm cov tshuaj lo 999 yog molten nyiaj. Toog yog ntxiv rau cov kua hlau, stirring diav. Tom qab ua tiav melting ntawm sib tov twb ua ke nrog zinc, lub resulting muaj pes tsawg leeg yog dov. Ntxiv kuav los tiag ntawv yog txiav nrog txiab thiab tiv kev txom nyem rau qhov nqi koj tshuav. Rau zoo ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau: diav, ntwav txhuam ntoo, ib tug roj burner, dos, nyiaj thim rov, rau qhov nws diav. Nyiaj solders ua tsis dag, silver, ntshiab zinc borax. Rau raug kev daws mus rau cov nyiaj solder 94 los yog 96 kuaj. Tau ib tug hlau yuav thaum lub sij hawm combustion diav: braid, braid, brocades.

solder melting

Melted co uas yog ib feem ntawm lub sib tov tau nyob rau hauv lub crucible nyiaj solder rau hlau. Muab lub gel rau hauv lub cub tawg, los npaj tshwj xeeb cov khoom: borax, ib lub taub ntim dej, carbonic sib tov ntawm hlau nuv crucible. Thawj zaug nws yog tsim nyog los yaj refractory thiab ces ntxiv mus rau ib tug sib tov ntawm fusible hlau. Yuav kom ua li cas nrog nws ob txhais tes zoo lo, ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv ob ua sawv. Ua ntej, tus crucible raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub crucible, koom hlau dej puv thawv. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, muaj zoo solder mob. Lawv yog qhuav, ces rov melted, yuav tsum vov lub xim av. Thaum cov hlau yog kiag li melted, nws yog poured mus rau hauv tshwj xeeb molds. Tom qab solidification ntawm tus tuav los yog cov vuas kuav los tiag mus rau hauv nyias ib daim hlab. Rau tom ntej siv cov txiav rau ib tug kws dhos rau ib tug nyias hlau.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm formulations nruab nrab meltability

Yuav ua li cas yog cov qhob nyiaj solders? Lawv lub zog zoo sib xws rau cov neeg compositions uas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj ib puag ncig. Peb tau siab brazing zog, corrosion kuj, tsis tshua muaj melting point, siab thermal conductivity. Thaum lub sij hawm kev lag luam, muaj pes tsawg leeg nyob rau hauv tag nrho qhov chaw ntawm lub solder chaw, muab ib tug swm thiab check leeg. Yog hais tias koj xav mus ua ib lub cim PSP-72 hlau yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tau nco ntsoov hais tias yog doping lub lithium melting point ntawm tooj liab yog txo. Xws li ib tug nyob tus yeees yog haum rau brazing steel qhov chaw uas yog resistant rau tshuaj corrosion.

Npaj ib solder nyob rau hauv lub tsev: nta thiab algorithm

Nyiaj brazing nyob rau hauv tsev yuav tsum tau ib tug rov qab txheej txheem - hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm molten hlau mus rau lub khoom hauv lub xeev. Ua ntej, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kiag li yaj cov nyiaj, thiab ces nws yuav muab pov rau hauv Ingus. Tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm yog muab faib ua peb theem: cov siv thiab ua cov yeem - Foundry, ib tug additive flux, kev tso kawm nyob rau hauv ib dia ntawm lub batch, molded, ib tug raw khoom, muab nws nyob rau hauv Ingus.

Muab diav nyob rau hauv qab ntawm ib tug me me cardboard lub thawv, ces phaj ib tug me ntsis loj, yog li nws qhwv rau ntawm ntug ntawm ib diav. Ces qualitatively kib duab los qhia los xij. Lub txaj yuav tsum tau concave mus cuag tej yam tshwm sim. solder melting txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub tsev yog ntev, yog li muaj lub siab ntev. batch sorting yog ua nyob rau hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub dos. Master xav tau nram qab no ntaub ntawv:

• hniav nyiaj hniav kub, hluav taws xob teev;
• 20 g ntawm nyiaj seem 916 kuaj;
• nyiaj seem 875 kuaj;
• ntshiab silver (12 grams);
• borax;
• hlau solder;
• gas burner

Tag nrho batch yog muab faib ua ob peb pawg ntawm 18-20 grams. Mixed seem nyiaj thiab 875 kuaj. Rau ib smelting yuav tsum tau kwv yees li 6 grams ntawm seem thiab 42% dawb huv. Magnet yog ntxuav los ntawm impurities hlau.

875 kuaj noj nyiaj thiab tooj liab rau qhov siv thiab ua solder, qhov ratio yuav tsum muaj 4: 1 (tsib caug duas las thiab yuav tsum tau nyiaj peb tooj liab npib). Rau flux siv borax nyob rau hauv ib qho ratio ntawm 1 mus rau 10. Tom ntej no, ua nplaim taws haum. Peb tsis pom zoo ib yam nkaus thiab hluav taws ntau, nws yuav ua rau kub hlau, es melting. Saum toj no cov roj burner yog muab tso rau ib rab diav. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm melting txawv nyiaj nqaij daim tawv, nws ntws los rau hauv lub hauv qab.

Ntxiv Ingus muab tso ze ntawm lub nplaim taws kom sov. Rau high-quality yaj nws ua ntej smeared nrog ciab. Tsis txhob cia txias ntawm lub qhuav thiab gloss, nws yuav cuam tshuam rau cov kev yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj lo. Kua hlau yog poured maj mam sov Ingus. Ces cia dej txias. Tom qab ua tiav txias bar rub nws, tig mus rau daim ntawv no. Asbestos los yog nkev txheej yuav siv tau rau 3-5 heats.

Kho ntawm diav

Zoo nkauj chains, bracelets, qhwv ntsej, tib rab diav rawg, diav, coasters ua los ntawm nyiaj dai kom zoo nkauj nrog tib neeg lub neej. Tab sis thaum lub sij hawm, precious hlau cov khoom zom, nyob rau hauv kev xav tau ntawm kev kho thiab restoration. Yuav kom ua xws ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau nyiaj solder. Rau 925 nws yuav ua tau los ntawm txhais tes, siv cov tswv yim ntawm kev Jewelers. Rau kev ua hauj lwm uas koj xav tau raws li nram no cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov cuab yeej: soldering pa thiab lus casting lo, nyiaj seem. Qhov yooj yim version ntawm yuav ua li cas kho lub nraus saw - coj nws mus rau ib tug jeweller. Tab sis koj muaj peev xwm nrog qhov teeb meem thiab tom tsev kom txuag tau nyiaj. Yuav kom manually soldered nyiaj, koj yuav tsum tau sai dlua algorithm ntawm kev ua, kev siv technology tshiab txoj kev, mus kawm lub cev thaj chaw ntawm cov nyiaj thiab nws cov alloys.

Cov kev cai soldering diav

Yuav kom ua tau tej no yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub physico-tshuaj yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom. Nyiaj Melting point - 960 degrees Celsius. Ntawm tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm Jewelers yog qhov nruab nrab. Piv txwv li, ib tug tooj liab melting yog tau ntawm 1083ºS kub melts ntawm 1063ºS.

Nyob ntawm seb lub Cheebtsam muaj nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj yuav sib txawv lawv kub. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim los yog qhia hais tias tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub alloy, nws yog ua tau coj kom zoo dua ntawm kev manuals. Npav nyiaj solders Lavxias teb sab yuav ib theem ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv thiab ua zauv. Nuj nqis tuab qhov feem pua ntawm ib tug noble hlau nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj lo.

Yuav kom kho ib tug silver khoom, koj yuav tsum npaj ib tug soldering hlau, los ntxuav lub saum npoo av. Nyiaj solder tso cai rau muaj zog, nruj pob qij txha, resistant rau corrosion. Thaum repairing hniav nyiaj hniav kub thov solder muaj ntau tshaj li 70 feem pua nyiaj, los yog ib tug tshwj xeeb solder muab tshuaj txhuam.

Nyob rau hauv tsev, rau repairing me me hniav nyiaj hniav kub tsim nyiaj alloys, zinc, tooj liab thiab cadmium. Pom rau "novices" yuav tsum yog tus nram qab no muaj pes tsawg leeg: nyiaj 45 qhov chaw, 25 - tooj liab, 30 - zinc. Melting Cheebtsam yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug muffle cub tawg yuav tsum tau flux. Cov uas ua sib tov twb nchuav mus rau ib tug substrate, tom qab txias, yog dhau los ntawm ib tug dov cav kom tau nyias los xij. Lawv thickness yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 0.5 hli. Rau tsev soldering yuav tsum tau los xij ntawm ib tug dav ntawm 1-3 hli. Tsev rations nyiaj hniav nyiaj hniav kub yog tsis ntshaw kom siv cov nplooj uas muaj cadmium. Qhov no hlau ua mob loj teeb meem. Soldering qhov chaw raug rau saum huab cua, oxides raug tsim. Yuav kom tiv thaiv no tshwm sim, siv nyob rau hauv lub tsev rations colophon (flux). Thaum melting ntawm cov nyiaj solder yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua raws li cov niaj hnub muab faib rau cov flux ntawm lub kho nto. Yog hais tias muaj tej yam tsis ntseeg nyob rau hauv cov kev txawj ntse thiab theoretical kev txawj ntse ntawm lub soldering txheej txheem, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hu rau ib tug kws jeweller.

Tsis pom zoo rau siv nyob rau hauv lub tsev compositions muaj cadmium, raws li cov evaporation ntawm nws noj qab haus huv muaj ib tug tsis zoo feem. Yuav kom tiv thaiv oxidative txheej txheem thiab lwm yam kev cov nyom tshua tej zaum yuav siv ib tug flux (colophon). Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hais tias nws yog uniformly faib nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau.

xaus

Nyiaj brazing yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb kev txawj ntse ntawm tus tswv thiab siab tawv. Cov kev kawm no yog tau yog hais tias kom xaiv flux, nyiaj solder. nyiaj seem yog tsis haum rau lub tsev kho, txij thaum lub melting point yog qis dua hais tias ntawm txum tim rov qab yam khoom. Tsis haum rau cov ua hauj lwm thiab compositions muaj sib npaug zos nrog cov ntshiab cov nyiaj yaj index. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov khiav thaum lub sij hawm lub melting ntawm cov tshuaj lo.