Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug cliché, thiab dab tsi yog nws lub hom phiaj

Cov lus teb rau cov nqe lus nug ntawm yog dab tsi yog ib tug cliché, ib ob peb, raws li lo lus yog muaj nuj nqis. Tag nrho cov txhais, txawm li cas los, yog muab tau los ntawm lub token, borrowed los ntawm cov lus Fab Kis - clicher, uas translates li "lub stereotype, ib daim ntawv."

Lub ob lub ntsiab ntawm cov lo lus

Cov Lus Guide cov ntaub ntawv uas yog ib tug cliché, yog tau txais kev pab nyob rau hauv raws li cov ob lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm cov lus. Ua ntej, qhov ncaj nqi - ib tug tsa qauv rau cov khoom (. Wood, yas, hlau, lwm yam), uas nws tseem tau los ua ib tug duab print. Xws li ib tug duab yog tsim los ntawm engraving, carving, electroforming thiab lwm yam tsis tshua muaj heev txoj kev muab ib tug convex projecting nyob rau hauv lub dav hlau ntawm daim duab los yog duab. Tom qab ntawd xws ntaub ntawv los ntawm zincographies steel raug. Qhia tshwj xeeb uas manufactured daim ntawv no, uas yuav ua tau lub tswv yim - ntawd yog dab tsi lub cliché printing. Cliché siv rau lub printing ntawm cov dluab, raws li zoo raws li loj-kev ntawv.

Qhov thib ob lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lo lus cliché portable. Yog li ntawd peb hu lus los yog tag nrho cov nqe lus uas txawv trite, zoo-paub lub ntsiab lus. Qhov ntawd yog li cas rau cliché hais lus. Stereotyped kab zauv feem ntau xa mus rau raws li clichés. Ntawm no, ib yam nkaus thiab, yog siv nyob rau hauv ib tug figurative siab yog heev kev token: ib tug stamp - yog ib lub cuab tam muab puab los ntawm txoj kev uas ua rau lub tswv yim, tsuas yog nyob rau cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv no kab lus, raws li tau zoo raws li nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm "hackneyed mis," "thought qauv" lus captures lub ntsiab haumxeeb feature ntawm cov lo lus denoting ib tug khov txheem, thiab siv nws li ib tug ua piv txwv qhia rau muab kaj lexical coloring.

Ib txhia ntawm ntau yam hais lus cliches

Ib tug los ze zog saib yog dab tsi ib tug cliché nyob rau hauv lub hais lus. Ntawm cov hom kev kuaj yog distinguished qauv ntawm lub suab siv nyob rau hauv vaj tse, kev xwm txheej thiab pab pawg. Nws clichés nyob ob leeg nyob rau kev qhia thiab kev kawm.

Piv txwv li, lub ideological clichés hu ua formulaic lus qauv siv los ntawm cov politicians, neeg sau xov xwm, piav txog txoj cai thiab gosdeyatelnost. Tej nqe lus no yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam ntawm nom tswv ob tog thiab pab pawg. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm xws li ib tug cliché - muab ib tug cos txhais thiab kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev nom kev tswv txheej xwm thiab ob tog. Kaw rau lawv abut dag clichés uas siv rau lub hom phiaj ntawm manipulating pej xeem nco qab.

Hloov lub sij hawm - hloov cov lus hais mis

Nyob rau hauv tsis ntev los no Soviet era muaj lub npe hu mus rau txhua txhua cliché: "Lenin yog ciaj sia thiab zoo", "general kab ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv," thiab cov zoo li. Nrog kev xav txog America thiab cov teb chaws Europe siv trenchant designs xws li "henchmen ntawm NATO," "hirelings ntawm capital" thiab "lub corrupting tus ntawm cov sab hnub poob." Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm thaum lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ces cov thawj coj Nikita Khrushchev denounced Stalin lub reign paradigm, tshiab clichés - "cult ntawm tus", "Khrushchev lub thaw". Ces muaj ib tug restructuring ntawm lub xeev taw qhia kom paub mus rau lub "Western qhov tseem ceeb" thiab tsis nyuaj tshiab clichés: lub "kev ywj pheej beacon", "daj nias", "pov npav ruble," thiab lwm yam ...

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug cliché nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem?

Nws yog zoo-tsim cov ntxhais thiab motifs yam ntxwv ntawm feem ntau ntawm lub qhov ncauj kev lig kev cai ntawm qhov kev kuaj. Lub hero uas nws tag nrho cov nyob ib ncig ntawm-xav tias ib tug neeg ruam thiab lout yog tus khiav ua tsaug rau wit, ua siab loj thiab ua siab ntev. Cov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws heroine yuav yeej yuav tus poj niam ntawm tus khiav. Tus nplua nuj - absurdly miserly thiab ruam. Cov neeg nyob hauv nws ob txhais tes yog feeb meej lub hwj chim thiab kev tswj, feem ntau yog inert thiab cowardly, thiab nyob rau thaum xaus muab txaj muag. Cov no yog cov clichéd motifs ntawm lus dab neeg. Ib tug piv txwv thiab sayings, qhia, xaus pej xeem tales: "Ib zaug thaum ib lub sij hawm ..."; "Thiab kuv twb muaj, zib ntab-npias haus, nws mustache nrog, thiab nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj tsis yog phev heev"; "Thiab lawv tau pib nyob kaj siab lug puas tau tom qab."

Lub cliché ntawm lub tswv yim ib puag ncig yog dab tsi tsis zoo thiab luag thuam. Qhov no yog vim li: cov kos duab yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim lub tswv yim thiab lub creation ntawm ib yam dab tsi tshiab. Tiam sis feem ntau cov kos duab siv standard zajlus ntaub ntawv los mus tsim cov kev tsim cov neeg tuaj saib los yog nyeem cov nyhuv. Piv txwv li, lub ntsiab lus hauv cov chav kawm thaum lub kawg nti heroes khiav, thiab qhov tsis zoo tuag yog ib tug ntshiab (thiab txhaum nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov huab hwm coj cov neeg tuaj saib) artistic clichés.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug cliché nyob rau hauv qhov kev xeem ntawv

Pab kev pab txheem lus qauv yuav kav cov ntawv nyeem nyob rau hauv cov kev npaj los yog kev siv ntawm cov lus teb rau qhov ncauj kev xeem.

Piv txwv peb tau pom cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam ntawm science, kab lis kev cai thiab Sociology, thiab xav mus taw tes kom tawm nws qhov tseeb. Tom qab ntawd peb yuav siv tau cov no clichés: "Qhov no qhov teeb meem yog ib qho tseem ceeb (tshuaj pleev, ntse, loj) nyob rau hauv ib tug niaj hnub ua lag luam khwv nyiaj txiag (nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau tsoos qhov tseem ceeb, nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus teb ntawm cov kev cai ntawm kev cai lij choj; los mus kov yeej tus cuj pwm ntsoog, etc ...).

Nyob rau hauv formulating lub tswv yim yooj yim, tej zaum kuv yuav siv xws li cliches li "Kuv ntseeg hais tias ..." "Kuv paub hais tias ...", "pom zoo hais tias ...".

Yog hais tias peb txiav txim siab los ua pov thawj lawv taw tes ntawm view, siv lub quote ntawm tus sau, leej twg hais lus nyob rau hauv no qhov teeb meem, peb yuav txais yuav cov nram qab no hais: "Kuv lub tswv yim yog ib yam nrog rau lub tswv yim hais tias xws thiab xws li ib tug txawj xav (nom tswv zaum, economists, kos duab critic) tias ..." ; "Nyob rau hauv kuv lub tswv yim, heev precisely (succinctly, eloquently qhia) hais tias nws xws li ib tug txawj sau ntawv ..."; "Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua tsis pom zoo nrog rau cov nqe lus ntawm ib tug tej yam sau yog tias ..."; "Rights yog ib tug tej yam sau, thov hais tias ...".

Thaum kawg, peb yuav tsum saib lub ntsab lug hais tias. Peb yuav tsum siv xws li piv txwv li, ib tug cliché: "Nyob rau hauv txoj kev, Kuv nco ntsoov tias ..."; "Nws yuav xaus ..."; "Nws li nram no los ntawm lub saum toj no uas ...."

Yog li ntawd, lo lus "cliché" muaj ob lub ntsiab. Main - yog ib daim ntawv ntawm Letterpress printing, thiab portable - txheem lus hais hackneyed hais tias, stereotypical zajlus ntaus ntawv, vim li cas lub ntsiab.