Yuav ua li cas yog ib qho engraving? Vintage engraving (yees duab)

Yuav ua li cas yog ib qho engraving? Lo lus nug no yog ib yam uas txaus siab rau ntau yam. Nyob rau hauv ib co sonorous txawv teb chaws lo lus yog txuam nrog rau cov duab ntawm lub biblical zaj dab neeg rau lub hlau los yog pob zeb board, lwm leej lwm tus ntseeg tau hais tias qhov no yog cia li ib tug duab, carved nrog ib tug riam nyob rau hauv lub rooj.

Cuaj kaum, cov nqe lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas prints?" - tsis tau teb unambiguously, raws li cov technology ntawm graphics yog heev. Tab sis ib tug yuav hais tias tseeb. Engraving - qhov no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb ntawm cov duab kos duab, uas muaj nws tus kheej zoo heev nyuab thiab ib tug muaj kev tswv.

engraving khoom

Cov kos duab ntawm painting tsis koom nrog tej kev txhais tau tias, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau ib tug set ntawm artistic txhuam, palette thiab easel. Lwm yam - prints uas yuav tsum tau ib tug multi-kev cob qhia, nrog ib tug ntau ntawm mus sib hais sau. Tab sis, ces yog vim li cas yog nws tsim nyog? Yog tsis tau nws yooj yim dua mus kos ib daim duab thiab tsis txhob siv lub sij hawm thiab lub zog rau nws ntau cov ntawv luam. Qhov ntau uas qhov tseeb kos duab tsis tso repetitions. Tiam sis ntawm no, txoj ntsiab cai no tsis ua hauj lwm. engraving nyhuv dag nyob rau hauv nws txawv txawv, nqus qauv charms.

Graphics tau luam ntawv txoj kev hu ua "sau". Txawm li cas los, cov sau - ib tug sau los ntawm ib yam ntawm cov thawj thiab luam - yog nraim nrog ib tug engraved cov quav hniav. Yuav ua li cas yog ib qho engraving los ntawm lub standpoint ntawm manufacturing technology? Tej yam yooj yim manipulation, thaum lub sij hawm uas nws yog tsim nyog los nias rau daim ntawv ntawv rau lub rooj tsavxwm, uas yog yav tas los thov xim. Daim ntawv no ces ua tib zoo sib cais los ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib - thiab yog npaj txhij rau sau.

Hlau thiab ntoo

Art prints yog tsis nyob rau hauv luam ntawv, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua cov thawj, uas koj muaj peev xwm ces ua rau tej xov tooj ntawm cov ntawv luam. Lub muaj zog yog cov ntaub ntawv uas cov kev siv ntawm tus "board", qhov ntau impressions yuav muaj. Cov ceev xwm txheej yog ob hom: siab thiab gravure printing. Tus thawj txoj kev yog tus thawj artistic so ntawm daim iav, nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas cov xim pauv mus rau daim ntawv los ntawm lub txheej saum npoo ntawm cov kev txiav qauv. Ib tug thib ob txoj kev hais tias cov xim muaj hlau mus rau ib daim ntawv ntawm daim ntawv tawm ntawm lub ua si nraum zoov lawm ua tus sau nws mus rau lub "board".

Cov kos duab originated nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th, txij thaum ntawd los pheej hloov. Engraving rau cov laug cam thawj ua los ntawm daim ntawv tooj liab ua tus tshaj mos hlau. Tom qab ntawd, muaj xylographic technology uas lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib yog txiav los ntawm khoom ntoo. Qhov no txoj kev tau tsawg lub sij hawm-siv, dua li nws yog tau los mus tsim multi-xim prints. Rau lub hom phiaj no nws yog tsim nyog los ua ib tug ob peb cov laug cam nrog ib tug txawv kev kho ntawm daim duab hais. Cov ntawv twb thov qho rau txhua board, nrog intermediate kom qhuav, uas ib tug xim duab twb tau.

vintage engraving

Prints los ua ntau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th. Cov nqi tshaj plaws prints tau tsim nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nyob rau hauv lub cob qhia ntawm lub German artist Martin Schongauer thiab Albrehta Dyurera. Peb tsis ncaim ntawm lawv mus Italians Andrea Mantegna thiab Antonio Pollaiuolo.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th art luam kos duab tau lug paub tias nws nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe engraving twb tsa mus rau theem siab kos duab, feem ntau ua tsaug rau masterpieces los ntawm Dürer, xws li "Lub Plaub horsemen ntawm lub Apocalypse," "Tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm kev tuag," "Melancholia".

Qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th cim ib tug txhob nyob rau hauv lub kos duab ntawm engraving, yooj yim drawings yog nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm, muaj ib tug txawv, tej los ntawm technology tau ua ntau, thaum uas tig mus thiab tus ntoo khaub lig-daug lawm yuav tau zoo heev tau ua tau raws li surround suab nyhuv thiab ua si ntawm lub teeb thiab ntxoov ntxoo. Daim duab nrhiav tej yam tshwm sim ntawm kev cai uas yog lub impetus rau ntxiv txoj kev txhim kho kev kawm.

txoj kev loj hlob prints

Ntxias pib mus thov cov etching ntawm cov hlau puag thiab tau txais etching technology, uas bloomed nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov quab yuam xwb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th. Ib tug ci ntsa iab portraitist Rembrandt kuj koom prints thiab tiav loj zoo nyob rau hauv teb. Artist Zhan Kallo kiag dlhau nws lub neej mus rau lub kos duab ntawm engraving thiab tsim ib tug gallery ntawm portraits ntawm nws lub contemporaries. Klod Lorren ua xav nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas nws paintings nyob rau hauv kev kos. Ib tug Rubens ncaav ib tug tshwj xeeb rhiav, uas ua tswv cuab nws paintings.

chaw

Lub xyoo pua 17th yog lub golden hnub nyoog ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshiab kos duab - engravings thiab etchings. Daim ntawv teev cov yam nyob rau hauv uas cov artist ua hauj lwm, tag nrho cov txhab. Cov no yog portraits thiab ua hauj lwm, pastoral, sib ntaus sib tua scenes, tseem lifes, tsiaj txhu thiab cov neeg uas nyob rau hauv lub sib sib zog nqus hiav txwv. Muaj ntau ntxias ntawm lub sij hawm twb zoo siab uas sim lawv txhais tes rau ntawm daim duab ntawm engraving. Muaj tag nrho albums, koom thematically rau Scene thiab artistic chaw. Mam li nco dheev los ua nto moo satirical etchings ntawm Hogarth, Daniel Chodowiecki tej yam me me series ntawm kev kos ntawm Francisco Goya.

Art prints nyob rau Nyiajpoom Teb

Nyiv, lub npe hu rau nws artistic kev lig kev cai, tsis tau ploj mus tam sim ntawd. Japanese prints - yog ib tug tag nrho txheej ntawm kab lis kev cai lub teb chaws, ib feem ntawm nws lub teb chaws kos duab. Cov zaj dab neeg ntawm cov thawj prints, "ukiyo-e" nws muaj nws keeb kwm nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th. Ces tus Japanese woodcut luam nyob rau hauv cov xim dub thiab dawb. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 18th xyoo pua, ntxias tau nkag xim printing, thiab "ukiyo-e" hloov.

Engraving nyob rau hauv Nyiv nqi pheej yig thiab enjoyed khov kho thov. Lawv depict scenes ntawm lub neej ntawm tus neeg zoo tib. Qhov no yog feem ntau ib tug zoo nkauj Geisha (nws yog lub ntsiab lub npe), ces taug kev mus Sumo wrestlers, thiab nyob rau hauv peb qhov chaw nyob nto moo lam ntawm Kabuki ua yeeb yam. Tom qab ib co sij hawm, nws tuaj rau hauv Vogue toj roob hauv pes engraving.

Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov nqi ntau tshaj cov khoom

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws etchings, tag nrho cov laus thiab cov ua nyob rau hauv tsis ntev los no lub sij hawm, yog systematized. Engraving duab no muaj cov pej xeem, nws muaj nws tus kheej sau npe tooj thiab, raws li ib tug txoj cai, yog sau npe. Qhov no yog los xyuas kom meej tias nws artistic tus nqi tseem untouched. Tsis tshua muaj sij hawm, xws li masterpieces Albrehta Dyurera, yog nyob rau hauv cov kev tiv thaiv ntawm UNESCO. Lub ntiaj teb no-nrov los yog tshwj xeeb yog tseem ceeb cov ceev xwm txheej, cov duab thiab cov reproductions ntawm uas yog nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb txoj kev Interpol, kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev pab tshwj xeeb.

tiam

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 20th caug xyoo, lub kev loj hlob ntawm engraving li ib daim duab daim ntawv txuas ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv Soviet txoj cai, muaj ib tug tag nrho tiam ntawm feemxyuam nyuab uas tau ntse ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm etchings thiab prints. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm engraving tej nws tom ntej no sawv, Yog nqus txawm nyuab dua, nws qhia tuaj rau nws kawg nkaus. Nyob rau hauv 30-ies tsim Lavxias teb sab, thiab tom qab ntawd Soviet engraving tsev kawm ntawv, los ntawm feemxyuam ntxias, raws li zoo raws li lawv cov tub ntxhais kawm. Lub zeem muag ntawm kev loj hlob ntxiv ntawm cov kos duab ntawm etching loomed zaj sawv. Ces, nyob rau hauv lub prewar xyoo, engraving los ua tus ntawv loj loj, thiab nws cov chaw tau tsis yeem markedly.

Tom qab lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II rau ze li ntawm 20 xyoo, tsuas yog tus prints tau ua raws li ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm pheej yig tab sis zoo Soviet propaganda. Tam sim no, kos duab rau ntawm engraving yog nyob rau hauv ib tug stalemate, tsis muaj tshiab enthusiasts, nyuab thiab laus koom nyob rau hauv coj mus muag tej yaam num. Txawm tias hnub no nyob rau cov nqe lus nug ntawm yog dab tsi lub engraving, tej Lavxias teb sab nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauj lwm yuav muab ib tug kev lo lus teb. Tej zaum yuav muaj tshiab hom prints nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, vim hais tias cov kos duab muaj lub peev xwm mus rau revive nyob rau hauv tshiab guises.